Altered proliferation and networks in neural cells derived from idiopathic autistic individuals

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lac...

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Published inMolecular psychiatry Vol. 22; no. 6; pp. 820 - 835
Main Authors Marchetto, M C, Belinson, H, Tian, Y, Freitas, B C, Fu, C, Vadodaria, K C, Beltrao-Braga, P C, Trujillo, C A, Mendes, A P D, Padmanabhan, K, Nunez, Y, Ou, J, Ghosh, H, Wright, R, Brennand, K J, Pierce, K, Eichenfield, L, Pramparo, T, Eyler, L T, Barnes, C C, Courchesne, E, Geschwind, D H, Gage, F H, Wynshaw-Boris, A, Muotri, A R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.06.2017
Nature Publishing Group
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Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a β-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.
AbstractList Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a [beta]-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a β-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a [beta]-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1. Molecular Psychiatry (2017) 22, 820-835; doi: 10.1038/mp.2016.95; published online 5 July 2016
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a β-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation because of dysregulation of a β-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD pathogenesis have been proposed based on genetic studies, brain pathology, and imaging, but a major impediment to testing ASD hypotheses is the lack of human cell models. Here, we reprogrammed fibroblasts to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons from ASD individuals with early brain overgrowth and non-ASD controls with normal brain size. ASD-derived NPCs display increased cell proliferation due to dysregulation of a β-catenin/BRN2 transcriptional cascade. ASD-derived neurons display abnormal neurogenesis and reduced synaptogenesis leading to functional defects in neuronal networks. Interestingly, defects in neuronal networks could be rescued by IGF-1, a drug that is currently in clinical trials for ASD. This work demonstrates that selection of ASD subjects based on endophenotypes unraveled biologically relevant pathway disruption and revealed a potential cellular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of IGF-1.
Audience Academic
Author Vadodaria, K C
Brennand, K J
Fu, C
Eichenfield, L
Pierce, K
Beltrao-Braga, P C
Pramparo, T
Geschwind, D H
Nunez, Y
Eyler, L T
Barnes, C C
Ou, J
Padmanabhan, K
Wynshaw-Boris, A
Gage, F H
Tian, Y
Muotri, A R
Freitas, B C
Trujillo, C A
Mendes, A P D
Marchetto, M C
Wright, R
Belinson, H
Courchesne, E
Ghosh, H
AuthorAffiliation 1 The Salk Institute, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
3 University of California Los Angeles, Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90402, USA
2 University of California San Francisco, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Human Genetics, CA 94143, USA
4 University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, La Jolla, CA 92093-0695, USA
9 University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
5 Case Western Reserve University, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
7 University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Neuroscience, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 603 Rochester, NY 14642
6 University of São Paulo, Department of Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, Center for Cellu
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– name: 1 The Salk Institute, Laboratory of Genetics, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
– name: 3 University of California Los Angeles, Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90402, USA
– name: 8 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
– name: 9 University of California San Diego, Department of Neurosciences, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
– name: 7 University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Neuroscience, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 603 Rochester, NY 14642
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27378147$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are common, complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD...
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SubjectTerms 13
13/100
13/106
631/532
Adolescent
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - metabolism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - physiopathology
Autistic Disorder - metabolism
Autistic Disorder - pathology
Autistic persons
Behavior
Behavioral Sciences
beta Catenin - metabolism
Biological Psychology
Brain - metabolism
Brain research
Cell culture
Cell cycle
Cell proliferation
Cell Proliferation - genetics
Cells, Cultured
Child
Child, Preschool
Children & youth
Clinical trials
Disease
Female
Fibroblasts
Fibroblasts - metabolism
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Genetics
Genomes
Growth
Growth factors
Health aspects
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
Insulin
Insulin-like growth factor I
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - therapeutic use
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Molecular modelling
Neural networks
Neural stem cells
Neural Stem Cells - metabolism
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurogenesis
Neuroimaging
Neurons
Neurons - metabolism
Neurons - physiology
Neurosciences
original-article
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
Pediatrics
Pharmacotherapy
Pluripotency
Progenitor cells
Psychiatry
Stem cells
Synaptogenesis
Tissue Culture Techniques - methods
Toddlers
Transcription
β-Catenin
Title Altered proliferation and networks in neural cells derived from idiopathic autistic individuals
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/mp.2016.95
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27378147
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1900793112
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2615533365
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1826712513
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1906460778
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5215991
Volume 22
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