The Anti-Inflammatory Mediator, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Modulates the Differentiation and Function of Th Subsets in Rheumatoid Arthritis

• Published in: Journal of Immunology Research Vol. 2018; no. 2018; pp. 1 - 11
• Main Authors: Juarranz, Yasmina, Martínez, Carmen, Seoane, Iria V., Pérez-García, Selene, Carrión, Mar, Gutiérrez-Cañas, Irene, Villanueva-Romero, Raúl, Gomariz, Rosa P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2018; Hindawi; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited; Wiley
• Subjects: Antigens; Autoantigens; Autoimmune diseases; Cell differentiation; Cytokines; Damage patterns; Diabetes; Disease; Environmental factors; Helper cells; Immune system; Immunological memory; Immunological tolerance; Immunology; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Intestine; Ligands; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Macrophages; Memory cells; Neurosciences; Pathogens; Pathology; Pattern recognition receptors; Peptides; Review; Rheumatoid arthritis; Subpopulations; Synoviocytes; T cell receptors; Toll-like receptors; Transcription factors; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Vasoactive agents; Vasoactive intestinal peptide

Genetic background, epigenetic modifications, and environmental factors trigger autoimmune response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Several pathogenic infections have been related to the onset of RA and may cause an inadequate immunological tolerance towards critical self-antigens leading to chronic j...