Overcoming differences: The catalytic mechanism of metallo-β-lactamases

Metallo-β-lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The worldwide spread of genes coding for these enzymes, together with the lack of a clinically useful inhibitor, have raised a sign of alarm. Inhibi...

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Published inFEBS letters Vol. 589; no. 22; pp. 3419 - 3432
Main Authors Meini, María-Rocío, Llarrull, Leticia I., Vila, Alejandro J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier B.V 14.11.2015
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Abstract Metallo-β-lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The worldwide spread of genes coding for these enzymes, together with the lack of a clinically useful inhibitor, have raised a sign of alarm. Inhibitor design has been mostly impeded by the structural diversity of these enzymes. Here we provide a critical review of mechanistic studies of the three known subclasses of metallo-β-lactamases, analyzed at the light of structural and mutagenesis investigations. We propose that these enzymes present a modular structure in their active sites that can be dissected into two halves: one providing the attacking nucleophile, and the second one stabilizing a negatively charged reaction intermediate. These are common mechanistic elements in all metallo-β-lactamases. Nucleophile activation does not necessarily requires a Zn(II) ion, but a Zn(II) center is essential for stabilization of the anionic intermediate. Design of a common inhibitor could be therefore approached based in these convergent mechanistic features despite the structural differences.
AbstractList Metallo-β-lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The worldwide spread of genes coding for these enzymes, together with the lack of a clinically useful inhibitor, have raised a sign of alarm. Inhibitor design has been mostly impeded by the structural diversity of these enzymes. Here we provide a critical review of mechanistic studies of the three known subclasses of metallo-β-lactamases, analyzed at the light of structural and mutagenesis investigations. We propose that these enzymes present a modular structure in their active sites that can be dissected into two halves: one providing the attacking nucleophile, and the second one stabilizing a negatively charged reaction intermediate. These are common mechanistic elements in all metallo-β-lactamases. Nucleophile activation does not necessarily requires a Zn(II) ion, but a Zn(II) center is essential for stabilization of the anionic intermediate. Design of a common inhibitor could be therefore approached based in these convergent mechanistic features despite the structural differences.Metallo-β-lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The worldwide spread of genes coding for these enzymes, together with the lack of a clinically useful inhibitor, have raised a sign of alarm. Inhibitor design has been mostly impeded by the structural diversity of these enzymes. Here we provide a critical review of mechanistic studies of the three known subclasses of metallo-β-lactamases, analyzed at the light of structural and mutagenesis investigations. We propose that these enzymes present a modular structure in their active sites that can be dissected into two halves: one providing the attacking nucleophile, and the second one stabilizing a negatively charged reaction intermediate. These are common mechanistic elements in all metallo-β-lactamases. Nucleophile activation does not necessarily requires a Zn(II) ion, but a Zn(II) center is essential for stabilization of the anionic intermediate. Design of a common inhibitor could be therefore approached based in these convergent mechanistic features despite the structural differences.
Metallo‐β‐lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The worldwide spread of genes coding for these enzymes, together with the lack of a clinically useful inhibitor, have raised a sign of alarm. Inhibitor design has been mostly impeded by the structural diversity of these enzymes. Here we provide a critical review of mechanistic studies of the three known subclasses of metallo‐β‐lactamases, analyzed at the light of structural and mutagenesis investigations. We propose that these enzymes present a modular structure in their active sites that can be dissected into two halves: one providing the attacking nucleophile, and the second one stabilizing a negatively charged reaction intermediate. These are common mechanistic elements in all metallo‐β‐lactamases. Nucleophile activation does not necessarily requires a Zn(II) ion, but a Zn(II) center is essential for stabilization of the anionic intermediate. Design of a common inhibitor could be therefore approached based in these convergent mechanistic features despite the structural differences.
Author Vila, Alejandro J.
Meini, María-Rocío
Llarrull, Leticia I.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Predio CONICET Rosario, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
1 Área Biofisíca, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmaceutícas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 200 Rosario, Argentina
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Área Biofisíca, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmaceutícas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, 200 Rosario, Argentina
– name: 2 Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR, CONICET-UNR), Predio CONICET Rosario, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
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  fullname: Meini, María-Rocío
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– sequence: 2
  givenname: Leticia I.
  surname: Llarrull
  fullname: Llarrull, Leticia I.
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Copyright 2015 Federation of European Biochemical Societies
FEBS Letters 589 (2015) 1873-3468 © 2015 Federation of European Biochemical Societies
Copyright © 2015 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Issue 22
Keywords Metallo-β-lactamase
Drug design
Zinc enzyme
Mechanism
Antibiotic resistance
Language English
License http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0
Copyright © 2015 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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All the authors contributed equally to this work.
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  text: November 14, 2015
  day: 14
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PublicationTitle FEBS letters
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Snippet Metallo-β-lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The...
Metallo‐β‐lactamases are the latest resistance mechanism of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria against carbapenems, considered as last resort drugs. The...
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SubjectTerms active sites
Antibiotic resistance
bacteria
Bacteria - drug effects
Bacteria - enzymology
beta-Lactamases - chemistry
beta-Lactamases - metabolism
Biocatalysis
carbapenems
Crystallography, X-Ray
Drug design
Drug Resistance, Microbial
drugs
enzymes
genes
Humans
Hydrolysis
Mechanism
Metallo-β-lactamase
mutagenesis
zinc
Zinc enzyme
Title Overcoming differences: The catalytic mechanism of metallo-β-lactamases
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2015.08.015
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2015.08.015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26297824
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1732308274
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2000203303
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4640939
Volume 589
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