Strongly correlated Chern insulators in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene
Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions a...
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Published in | Nature (London) Vol. 588; no. 7839; pp. 610 - 615 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Nature Publishing Group
24.12.2020
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields
. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases
. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence of topological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C = ±1, ±2 and ±3, which form near filling factors of ±3, ±2 and ±1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C = +1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role
. We demonstrate that strong electron-electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. |
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AbstractList | Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields
. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases
. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence of topological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C = ±1, ±2 and ±3, which form near filling factors of ±3, ±2 and ±1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C = +1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role
. We demonstrate that strong electron-electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields.sup.1. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases.sup.2-9. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence of topological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C = [plus or minus]1, [plus or minus]2 and [plus or minus]3, which form near filling factors of [plus or minus]3, [plus or minus]2 and [plus or minus]1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C = +1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role.sup.9. We demonstrate that strong electron-electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. Strong electron-electron interactions in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene can fundamentally change the topology of the system's flat bands, producing a hierarchy of strongly correlated topological insulators in modest magnetic fields. Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields.sup.1. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases.sup.2-9. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence of topological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C = [plus or minus]1, [plus or minus]2 and [plus or minus]3, which form near filling factors of [plus or minus]3, [plus or minus]2 and [plus or minus]1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C = +1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role.sup.9. We demonstrate that strong electron-electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron-electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields1. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases2-9. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence oftopological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C=±1, ±2 and ±3, which form near filling factors of ±3, ±2 and ±1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C=+1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role9. We demonstrate that strong electron-electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in systems with weak electron–electron interactions. The instances in which topological phases emerge only as a result of strong interactions are rare and mostly limited to those realized in intense magnetic fields. The discovery of flat electronic bands with topological character in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) has created a unique opportunity to search for strongly correlated topological phases. Here we introduce a local spectroscopic technique using a scanning tunnelling microscope to detect a sequence of topological insulators in MATBG with Chern numbers C = ±1, ±2 and ±3, which form near filling factors of ±3, ±2 and ±1 electrons per moiré unit cell, respectively, and are stabilized by modest magnetic fields. One of the phases detected here (C = +1) was previously observed when the sublattice symmetry of MATBG was intentionally broken by a hexagonal boron nitride substrate, with interactions having a secondary role. We also demonstrate that strong electron–electron interactions alone can produce not only the previously observed phase, but also other unexpected Chern insulating phases in MATBG. The full sequence of phases that we observe can be understood by postulating that strong correlations favour breaking time-reversal symmetry to form Chern insulators that are stabilized by weak magnetic fields. Our findings illustrate that many-body correlations can create topological phases in moiré systems beyond those anticipated from weakly interacting models. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Bernevig, B Andrei Nuckolls, Kevin P Oh, Myungchul Taniguchi, Takashi Lian, Biao Wong, Dillon Watanabe, Kenji Yazdani, Ali |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Kevin P orcidid: 0000-0002-1078-7113 surname: Nuckolls fullname: Nuckolls, Kevin P organization: Joseph Henry Laboratories and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Myungchul orcidid: 0000-0003-0477-1390 surname: Oh fullname: Oh, Myungchul organization: Joseph Henry Laboratories and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Dillon surname: Wong fullname: Wong, Dillon organization: Joseph Henry Laboratories and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Biao orcidid: 0000-0002-8956-5619 surname: Lian fullname: Lian, Biao organization: Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Kenji orcidid: 0000-0003-3701-8119 surname: Watanabe fullname: Watanabe, Kenji organization: Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan – sequence: 6 givenname: Takashi orcidid: 0000-0002-1467-3105 surname: Taniguchi fullname: Taniguchi, Takashi organization: International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan – sequence: 7 givenname: B Andrei orcidid: 0000-0001-6337-4024 surname: Bernevig fullname: Bernevig, B Andrei organization: Joseph Henry Laboratories and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Ali orcidid: 0000-0003-4996-8904 surname: Yazdani fullname: Yazdani, Ali email: yazdani@princeton.edu organization: Joseph Henry Laboratories and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. yazdani@princeton.edu |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33318688$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1780898$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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Snippet | Interactions between electrons and the topology of their energy bands can create unusual quantum phases of matter. Most topological electronic phases appear in... |
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Title | Strongly correlated Chern insulators in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene |
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