Sugar consumption and global prevalence of obesity and hypertension: an ecological analysis

The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight...

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Published inPublic health nutrition Vol. 17; no. 3; pp. 587 - 596
Main Authors Siervo, Mario, Montagnese, Concetta, Mathers, John C, Soroka, Katrina R, Stephan, Blossom CM, Wells, Jonathan CK
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.03.2014
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Abstract The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear. Ecological analysis. Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained. The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively. Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = -0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = -0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men. High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
AbstractList The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear. Ecological analysis. Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained. The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively. Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = -0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = -0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men. High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
Abstract Objective The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear. Design Ecological analysis. Setting Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained. Subjects The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively. Results Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = -0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = -0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men. Conclusions High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear. Ecological analysis. Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained. The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively. Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0.01, se = 0.005, P = 0.003), cereal consumption (B = 0.02, se = 0.006, P < 0.001) and sugar consumption (B = 0.03, se = 0.01, P = 0.03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0.21, se = 0.10, P = 0.02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0.18, se = 0.08, P = 0.02) and consumption of cereals (B = 0.22, se = 0.10, P = 0.02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men. High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear. Ecological analysis. Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained. The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively. Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = −0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = −0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men. High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear.OBJECTIVEThe nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in food availability for consumption, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors is associated with the worldwide prevalence distribution of overweight, obesity and hypertension is unclear.Ecological analysis.DESIGNEcological analysis.Country-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained.SETTINGCountry-specific prevalence estimates of overweight, obesity and hypertension were obtained. Prevalence estimates were then matched to year- and country-specific food and energy availability for consumption of cereals, sugar, sweeteners and honey, vegetable oils, fruits, starchy roots, pulses, total vegetables, alcoholic beverages, total meat, animal fat, eggs, milk, and fish and seafood. The per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), urbanization rates and prevalence of physical inactivity for each country were also obtained.The overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively.SUBJECTSThe overweight, obesity and hypertension databases included information from 128, 123 and seventy-nine countries, respectively.Consumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = -0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = -0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men.RESULTSConsumption of sugar and animal products were directly associated with GDP and urbanization rates. In a multivariate regression model, physical inactivity (B = 0·01, se = 0·005, P = 0·003), cereal consumption (B = -0·02, se = 0·006, P < 0·001) and sugar consumption (B = 0·03, se = 0·01, P = 0·03) were significant predictors of obesity prevalence. Midpoint age (B = 0·21, se = 0·10, P = 0·02), prevalence of overweight (B = 0·18, se = 0·08, P = 0·02) and consumption of cereals (B = -0·22, se = 0·10, P = 0·02) were significant predictors of hypertension. Women appeared to have a significant obesity excess compared with men.High sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.CONCLUSIONSHigh sugar consumption and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased obesity prevalence. The non-linear association of sugar consumption with prevalence of obesity suggests that effective strategies to reduce its consumption may have differential effects in countries at different stages of the nutrition transition.
Author Soroka, Katrina R
Siervo, Mario
Montagnese, Concetta
Wells, Jonathan CK
Stephan, Blossom CM
Mathers, John C
AuthorAffiliation 3 Institute for Health and Society , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
2 Childhood Nutrition Research Centre , UCL Institute of Child Health , London , UK
1 Human Nutrition Research Centre , Institute for Ageing and Health , Newcastle University , Campus for Ageing and Vitality , Newcastle on Tyne , NE4 5PL , UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Childhood Nutrition Research Centre , UCL Institute of Child Health , London , UK
– name: 3 Institute for Health and Society , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
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  givenname: Mario
  surname: Siervo
  fullname: Siervo, Mario
  email: mario.siervo@ncl.ac.uk
  organization: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Concetta
  surname: Montagnese
  fullname: Montagnese, Concetta
  organization: Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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  givenname: John C
  surname: Mathers
  fullname: Mathers, John C
  organization: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Katrina R
  surname: Soroka
  fullname: Soroka, Katrina R
  organization: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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  givenname: Blossom CM
  surname: Stephan
  fullname: Stephan, Blossom CM
  organization: Institute for Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Jonathan CK
  surname: Wells
  fullname: Wells, Jonathan CK
  organization: Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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ISSN 1368-9800
1475-2727
IngestDate Thu Aug 21 18:36:32 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 12:25:15 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 05:31:22 EDT 2025
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Mon Jul 21 05:30:10 EDT 2025
Wed Apr 02 07:15:12 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:55:00 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 03:46:02 EDT 2025
Tue Jan 21 06:25:35 EST 2025
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Issue 3
Keywords Hypertension
Animal products
Obesity
Ecological analysis
Food balance sheets
Added sugar
Consumption
Prevalence
Nutrition disorder
Cardiovascular disease
Animal
Nutritional status
Sugar
Food
Language English
License https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms
CC BY 4.0
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PublicationTitle Public health nutrition
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Snippet The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether variability in...
Abstract Objective The nutrition transition model provides an integrated approach to analyse global changes in food consumption and lifestyle patterns. Whether...
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SubjectTerms alcoholic beverages
animal fats and oils
Animal products
Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood pressure
Cardiology. Vascular system
Chronic illnesses
Consumption patterns
Developed Countries - statistics & numerical data
Developing countries
Developing Countries - statistics & numerical data
Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
Dietary Carbohydrates - adverse effects
Dietary Sucrose - administration & dosage
Dietary Sucrose - adverse effects
Disease
eggs
Emerging markets
Energy
Energy Intake - physiology
Female
fish
Food
Food availability
food consumption
Food Supply - economics
Food Supply - standards
fruits
Global Health - economics
Global Health - statistics & numerical data
gross domestic product
honey
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - diagnosis
Hypertension - epidemiology
Hypertension - etiology
Industrialized nations
LDCs
Male
meat
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
milk
Nutrition
Nutrition and Health
Nutritional Status
Obesity
Obesity - diagnosis
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - etiology
Overweight
Overweight - diagnosis
Overweight - epidemiology
Overweight - etiology
Per capita
Personal income
Prevalence
regression analysis
Risk factors
roots
Seafood
seafoods
Sedentary Behavior
sedentary lifestyle
Sex Distribution
sociodemographic characteristics
Sugar
sugars
sweeteners
Trends
Urban Population - statistics & numerical data
Urbanization
vegetable oil
Vegetable oils
Vegetables
women
World Health Organization
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Title Sugar consumption and global prevalence of obesity and hypertension: an ecological analysis
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Volume 17
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