Are management-based regulations effective? Evidence from state pollution prevention programs

This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In con...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in	Journal of policy analysis and management Vol. 26; no. 2; pp. 327 - 348
Main Author	Bennear, Lori Snyder
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.04.2007 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc John Wiley & Sons, Inc John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Wiley Periodicals Inc
Series	Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
Subjects	Air pollution - Regulation Chemical hazards Chemistry Cosmic microwave background radiation Decision making Economic regulation Emissions regulations Environmental management Environmental policy - United States Environmental regulation Federal regulation Governance Hazardous materials Industrial plants Industrial regulation Management techniques Manufacturing Organizational Effectiveness Policy analysis Policy studies Pollution Pollution control Pollution control in industry - United States Prevention Prevention programs Public policy Regulation Regulatory policy Risk Risk Management State government - United States State Programs Studies Toxicity U.S.A United States Waste management United States United States > US
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	0276-8739 1520-6688
DOI	10.1002/pam.20250

Cover

Loading…

Abstract	This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities.
AbstractList	This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities. © 2007 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities. [Copyright 2007 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.] This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities. This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities. Copyright John Wiley & Sons. Reproduced with permission. An electronic version of this article is available online at http://www.interscience.wiley.com This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a particular means of achieving a risk-reduction goal or specified the goal and left the means of achieving that goal up to the regulated entity. In contrast, management-based regulation neither explicitly imposes the means, nor the ends. Rather, what is required is that each regulated entity review its production processes and develop a set of goals and procedures that will reduce risk. I evaluate the effectiveness of management-based regulation by taking advantage of policy variation that occurred when 14 states adopted such regulations for toxic chemical control in the 1990s. Using panel data for just over 31,000 manufacturing plants in the United States, I investigate whether facilities subject to management-based regulations had larger changes in total quantities of toxic chemical releases, engaged in more pollution prevention activities, or reported fewer toxic chemicals to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The results indicate that management-based regulation has had a measurable positive effect on the environmental performance of manufacturing plants. In particular, plants subject to management-based regulation experienced larger decreases in total pounds of toxic chemicals released and were more likely to engage in source reduction activities. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Author	Bennear, Lori Snyder
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Lori Snyder surname: Bennear fullname: Bennear, Lori Snyder
BackLink	http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ759394$$DView record in ERIC http://econpapers.repec.org/article/wlyjpamgt/v_3a26_3ay_3a2007_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a327-348.htm$$DView record in RePEc
BookMark	eNqFUktv1DAQtlCR2BYO3EGKOCBxSDt-JHFOaFVtF6otDwmohIQsJ5ksXvLCdrbsv8fbtEWqQBzGHvt7jB9zSA66vkNCnlI4pgDsZNDtMQOWwAMyowmDOE2lPCAzYFkay4znj8ihcxsASCCnM_JtbjFqdafX2GLn40I7rCKL67HR3vSdi7CusfRmi6-jxdZU2JUY1bZvI-e1x2jom2bcM6PB4jZYTGm_trp1j8nDWjcOn9zMR-Tz2eLT6Zt49X759nS-isuUC4gTXnEueV1VVaFzISueC4oaNCaaUgzLoi4KCYIVFS8qyKjULK01YkaDJOVH5OXkGwr_HNF51RpXYtPoDvvRqURmIuXs_0SeSgBB80B8cY-46UfbhUsoxpjgOecikM4nksUBSzVY02q7U1fNbhP-Ye3VVvFw0DDs9glAFiazT0MMITgLO0Kq774NZs8mM7Tmj9fiPEvy8BwBPpng0vbOWaxVafz1F3mrTaMoqH0DqFBYXTdAULy6p7g1_Rv3xv3KNLj7N1F9mF_cKp5Pio3zvb1TcKApy2QS8HjCjfP46w7X9odKM54l6vLdUn28_Homlhdf1Ir_BlWr2q4
CODEN	JPAMD7
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2166815 crossref_primary_10_1111_rego_12199 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_est_5b02367 crossref_primary_10_1086_597175 crossref_primary_10_1111_lapo_12017 crossref_primary_10_18398_kjlgas_2018_32_2_71 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10640_022_00729_3 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2671369 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1748_5991_2008_00042_x crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_1948755 crossref_primary_10_1080_10168737_2024_2438019 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10640_015_9967_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enpol_2009_03_062 crossref_primary_10_1111_ropr_12376 crossref_primary_10_1093_reep_reu013 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1748_5991_2010_01090_x crossref_primary_10_1002_pam_20483 crossref_primary_10_1002_pam_20284 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2514869 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1465_7287_2011_00312_x crossref_primary_10_1111_rego_12146 crossref_primary_10_4073_csr_2014_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecolecon_2008_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0224868 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2011_06_021 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1540_5893_2009_00391_x crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2000299 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_renene_2017_03_067 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11149_018_9355_0 crossref_primary_10_1080_09537325_2014_896891 crossref_primary_10_1080_09640568_2024_2371567 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10644_020_09273_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_reseneeco_2012_02_002 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_polisci_032408_171344 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1748_5991_2011_01116_x crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2622704 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10661_020_8106_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_puar_13097 crossref_primary_10_1177_00076503241294004 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3790076 crossref_primary_10_1017_bca_2017_8
Cites_doi	10.1080/00139150109604503 10.1002/pam.20136 10.1017/CBO9780511614835 10.1006/jeem.1998.1048 10.1006/jeem.1995.1018 10.1086/262123 10.1257/000282803321947498 10.1006/jeem.1998.1057 10.2139/ssrn.776504 10.1162/003355304772839588 10.2307/3146906 10.1086/342808 10.2307/2297110 10.1046/j.0023-9216.2003.03703001.x 10.1016/S1573-4463(99)03004-7 10.1162/003465303322369821 10.1023/A:1015519116167 10.1006/jeem.1995.1007 10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00033-0 10.2307/1556362 10.1021/es983672m 10.3200/ENVT.47.2.22-39 10.1086/467466 10.1006/jeem.1996.0955 10.2139/ssrn.809406 10.2307/2109724
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright 2007 Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management 2007 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Copyright Wiley Periodicals Inc. Spring 2007
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright 2007 Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management – notice: 2007 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management – notice: Copyright Wiley Periodicals Inc. Spring 2007
DBID	BSCLL AAYXX CITATION 7SW BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PET REK WWN DKI X2L 7TQ 8BJ DHY DON FQK JBE K9.
DOI	10.1002/pam.20250
DatabaseName	Istex CrossRef ERIC ERIC (Ovid) ERIC ERIC ERIC (Legacy Platform) ERIC( SilverPlatter ) ERIC ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform) Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) ERIC RePEc IDEAS RePEc PAIS Index International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) PAIS International PAIS International (Ovid) International Bibliography of the Social Sciences International Bibliography of the Social Sciences ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef ERIC International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) PAIS International
DatabaseTitleList	PAIS International CrossRef ERIC International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: ERI name: ERIC url: https://eric.ed.gov/ sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: DKI name: RePEc IDEAS url: http://ideas.repec.org/ sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Government Social Sciences (General) Political Science Chemistry
EISSN	1520-6688
ERIC	EJ759394
EndPage	348
ExternalDocumentID	1237468451 wlyjpamgt_v_3a26_3ay_3a2007_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a327_348_htm EJ759394 10_1002_pam_20250 PAM20250 30162785 ark_67375_WNG_QWZF4GMV_L
Genre	article Feature
GeographicLocations	United States United States--US
GeographicLocations_xml	– name: United States – name: United States--US
GroupedDBID	--- -ET -~X .3N .GA .Y3 0-V 05W 0R~ 10A 1L6 1OB 1OC 1OL 29L 2AX 2FS 31~ 33P 3V. 3WU 4.4 44B 4ZD 50Y 50Z 51W 51Y 52M 52O 52Q 52S 52T 52U 52W 5GY 5VS 66C 702 7PT 7WY 7X7 8-0 8-1 8-3 8-4 8-5 85S 88E 8FI 8FJ 8FL 8G5 8H~ 8R4 8R5 8UM 8VB 930 A04 AAAZS AABNI AAESR AAFWJ AAHHS AAIKC AAMNW AAONW AAOUF AASGY AAXRX AAYOK AAZKR ABBHK ABCQN ABCUV ABDPE ABEFU ABEML ABIJN ABIVO ABJNI ABKTN ABKVW ABLWH ABPPZ ABPVW ABQIJ ABSOO ABUWG ABXSQ ABYRZ ABYYQ ACAHQ ACBKW ACBWZ ACCFJ ACCZN ACGFO ACGFS ACHQT ACIOK ACNCT ACPOU ACREJ ACSCC ACUHF ACVFL ACXQS ADACV ADBBV ADEMA ADEOM ADEPB ADGDI ADIZJ ADKYN ADMGS ADMHG ADNFJ ADULT ADXAS ADZMN AEEZP AEIGN AEIMD AEQDE AEUPB AEUQT AEUYR AFBPY AFFNX AFFPM AFGKR AFKFF AFKRA AFPWT AFZJQ AHAJD AHBTC AIAGR AIFKG AIURR AIWBW AJBDE AJPNJ AKNXY AKVCP ALAGY ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALPBS ALSLI ALUQN AMBMR AMYDB APTMU AQSKT ARALO ASPBG ASTYK AVWKF AZBYB AZFZN AZQEC AZVAB BAFTC BDRZF BENPR BEZIV BFHJK BKOMP BMKGK BMXJE BNVMJ BPHCQ BQESF BROTX BRXPI BSCLL BVXVI BY8 CBXGM CCPQU CHNMF CJNVE CS3 D-C D-D DCZOG DPSOV DPXWK DR2 DRFUL DRSSH DU5 DWQXO EBD EBO EBS EBU ECVKH EJD EMOBN F00 F01 FEDTE FRNLG FYUFA G-S G.N G50 GENNL GNP GNUQQ GODZA GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_ARCHIVE GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_COMPLETE GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_RESEARCH GUQSH HBH HECYW HF~ HGD HGLYW HHY HMCUK HVGLF HYQOX HZ~ IPSME IX1 J0M JAAYA JAV JBMMH JBU JBZCM JENOY JHFFW JKQEH JLEZI JLXEF JPC JPL JPPEU JSODD JST K1G K60 K6~ KC- KQQ LATKE LAW LC2 LC4 LEEKS LH4 LITHE LOXES LP6 LP7 LPU LUTES LW6 LYRES M0C M0P M1P M1Q M2L M2O M2R M55 MEWTI MK4 MRFUL MRSSH MSFUL MSSSH MVM MXFUL MXSSH N04 N06 N9A NEJ NF~ NHB NNB O-F O66 O9- P2P P2W P2Y P4C PALCI PQBIZ PQBZA PQEDU PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO Q.N Q11 Q2X Q5E QB0 QRW QWB R.K RIWAO RJQFR RNS ROL RWI RX1 RXW SA0 SAMSI SUPJJ SV3 TAE TH9 TN5 UB1 UKHRP V2E V8K VQA VQP W8V W99 WBKPD WEBCB WH7 WHG WIB WIH WII WOHZO WQZ WRC WSUWO WWB WXSBR XG1 XPP XSW XV2 YQT ZCA ZL0 ZUP ZZTAW ~IA ~P2 ~P3 ~WP AAHQN AAMMB AAMNL AANHP AAOAC AAYCA ABAWQ ACHJO ACRPL ACXJH ACYXJ ADNMO AEFGJ AEYWJ AFWVQ AGQPQ AGXDD AHQJS AIDQK AIDYY ALVPJ ASMEE AFYRF AAYXX AGHNM CITATION PHGZM PHGZT PMKZF PVKVW 7SW BJH BNH BNI BNJ BNO ERI PET PJZUB PMFND PPXIY PRQQA PUEGO REK WWN - 08R 0R 1AW 31 3N 8H ACVYA ACXME ADDAD ADMHP AFDAS AFVGU AGJLS AJYWA AQNXB BBAFP CWXUR CZBKB DKI ET G8K GA HZ IA IPNFZ K6 LJ0 NF O~O P2 P3 P4A PQEST PQUKI PRINS RIG SPW WP X X2L Y3 YYQ YZZ 7TQ 8BJ DHY DON FQK JBE K9.
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c6340-53d3383fdddba948d3941ea0ae5a11ed39bfbb8042bd3bd0718a26faee71ddb63
IEDL.DBID	DR2
ISSN	0276-8739
IngestDate	Fri Jul 11 02:40:43 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 11:40:20 EDT 2025 Sat Aug 23 13:11:06 EDT 2025 Wed Aug 18 03:50:55 EDT 2021 Tue Sep 02 19:18:19 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:08:47 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:20:55 EDT 2025 Wed Jan 22 16:29:38 EST 2025 Thu Jul 03 21:29:38 EDT 2025 Wed Oct 30 10:02:00 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess	false
IsOpenAccess	false
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	2
Language	English
License	http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c6340-53d3383fdddba948d3941ea0ae5a11ed39bfbb8042bd3bd0718a26faee71ddb63
Notes	ark:/67375/WNG-QWZF4GMV-L istex:D332E866D3DDBAB1C5913F0C3B68F506E9FA5154 ArticleID:PAM20250 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
PQID	222439334
PQPubID	48213
PageCount	22
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_58746326 proquest_miscellaneous_36800419 proquest_journals_222439334 repec_primary_wlyjpamgt_v_3a26_3ay_3a2007_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a327_348_htm eric_primary_EJ759394 crossref_citationtrail_10_1002_pam_20250 crossref_primary_10_1002_pam_20250 wiley_primary_10_1002_pam_20250_PAM20250 jstor_primary_30162785 istex_primary_ark_67375_WNG_QWZF4GMV_L
ProviderPackageCode	CITATION AAYXX
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	20070401
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2007-04-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 04 year: 2007 text: 20070401 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2000
PublicationPlace	Hoboken
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Hoboken
PublicationSeriesTitle	Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
PublicationTitle	Journal of policy analysis and management
PublicationTitleAlternate	J. Pol. Anal. Manage
PublicationYear	2007
Publisher	Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company Wiley Subscription Services, Inc John Wiley & Sons, Inc John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Wiley Periodicals Inc
Publisher_xml	– name: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company – name: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc – name: John Wiley & Sons, Inc – name: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd – name: Wiley Periodicals Inc
References	Khanna, M., & Damon, L. A. (1999) EPA's voluntary 33/50 program: Impact on toxic releases and economic performance of firms. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 37, 1-25. Arora, S., & Cason, T. N. (1995) An experiment in voluntary environmental regulation: Participation in EPA's 33/50 program. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28, 271-286. Henderson, J. V. (1996) Effects of air quality regulation. American Economic Review, 86, 789-813. Moulton, B. R. (1990) An illustration of a pitfall in estimating the effects of aggregate variables on micro units. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72, 334-338. Graham, M., & Miller, C. (2001) Disclosure of toxic releases in the United States. Environment, 43(8), 9-20. Hamilton, J. T. (2005). Regulation through revelation: The origin, politics, and impacts of the toxics release inventory program. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Bertrand, M., Duflo, E., & Mullainathan, S. (2002) How much should we trust differencesin-differences estimates? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119, 249-275. Potoski, M., & Prakash, A. (2005) Covenant with weak swords: ISO 14001 and firms' environmental performance. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 24, 745-769. Wooldridge, J. M. (2002). Economic analysis of cross section and panel data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Natan, T. E. Jr., Miller, C. G., Scarborough, B. A., & Muir, W. R. (1996). Evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution prevention planning in New Jersey. Alexandria, Virginia: Hampshire Research Associates Inc. Greenstone, M. (2002) The impacts of environmental regulations on industrial activity: Evidence from the 1970 and 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments and the census of manufacturers. Journal of Political Economy, 110, 1175-1219. United States Government Accounting Office. (1991). Toxic chemicals: EPA's Toxic Release Inventory is useful but can be improved (Document number GAO/RCED-91-121). Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office. Becker, R., & Henderson, V. (2000) Effects of air quality regulations on polluting industries. Journal of Political Economy, 108, 379-421. National Pollution Prevention Roundtable. (1996). The source: The ultimate guide to state pollution prevention legislation. Washington, DC: National Pollution Prevention Roundtable. Arora, S., & Cason, T. N. (1996) Why do firms volunteer to exceed environmental regulation? Understanding participation in EPA's 33/50 program. Land Economics, 72, 413-432. Helland, E., & Whitford, A. B. (2003) Pollution incidence and political jurisdiction: Evidence from the TRI. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 43, 403-424. Greenstone, M. (2003) Estimating regulation-induced substitution: The effect of the Clean Air Act on water and ground pollution. American Economic Review, 93, 442-448. King, A., & Lenox, M. (2000) Industry self-regulation without sanctions: The chemical industry's Responsible Care program. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 698-716. Keenan, C., Kanner, J. L., & Stoner, D. (1997). Survey evaluation of the Massachusetts toxics use reduction program. Methods and Policy Report No. 14. Lowell, Massachusetts: Toxics Use Reduction Institute. Bui, L., & Mayer, C. J. (2003) Regulation and capitalization of environmental amenities: Evidence from the Toxic Release Inventory in Massachusetts. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85, 693-708. Chamberlain, G. (1980) Analysis of covariance with qualitative data. Review of Economic Studies, 47, 5-46. League of Conservation Voters. (1988-1999). The national environmental scorecard. Washington, DC: League of Conservation Voters. Natan, T. E. Jr., & Miller, C. G. (1998) Are Toxics Release Inventory reductions real? Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 368A-374A. Alberini, A., & Segerson, K. (2002) Assessing voluntary programs to improve environmental quality. Environmental and Resource Economics, 22, 157-184. Bennear, L. S., & Coglianese, C. (2005) The role of program evaluation in environmental policy. Environment, 47(2), 22-39. Khanna, M., Quimio, W. R. H., & Bojilova, D. (1998) Toxics release information: A policy tool for environmental protection. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 36, 243-266. Hamilton, J. T. (1995) Pollution as news: Media and stock market reactions to the Toxic Release Inventory data. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28, 98-113. Maxwell, J. W., Lyon, T. P., & Hackett, S. C. (2000) Self-regulation and social welfare: The political economy of corporate environmentalism. Journal of Law and Economics, 43, 583-617. Coglianese, C., & Lazer, D. (2003) Management-based regulation: Prescribing private management to achieve public goals. Law and Society Review, 37, 691-730. Konar, S., & Cohen, M. A. (1997) Information as regulation: The effect of community right to know laws on toxic emissions. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 32, 109-124. 1980; 47 2006 a 1988–1999 2002; 110 2006 b 2000; 43 1996; 72 1997 2003; 37 1996 2005 1999; 3 2004 2002; 119 2003 1991 2002 2003; 93 2005; 24 2005; 47 2001; 43 1995; 28 1997; 32 2000 2000; 108 1999; 37 2002; 22 1998; 32 2003; 85 2003; 43 1996; 86 1998; 36 1990; 72 Bennear L. S. (e_1_2_1_7_1) 2006 Wooldridge J. M. (e_1_2_1_39_1) 2002 Angrist J. D. (e_1_2_1_3_1) 1999 e_1_2_1_20_1 Natan T. E. (e_1_2_1_32_1) 1996 e_1_2_1_24_1 e_1_2_1_21_1 e_1_2_1_27_1 League of Conservation Voters (e_1_2_1_28_1) 1988 e_1_2_1_25_1 e_1_2_1_26_1 e_1_2_1_29_1 Henderson J. V. (e_1_2_1_22_1) 1996; 86 e_1_2_1_31_1 e_1_2_1_8_1 e_1_2_1_30_1 e_1_2_1_5_1 National Pollution Prevention Roundtable (e_1_2_1_33_1) 1996 e_1_2_1_6_1 e_1_2_1_12_1 e_1_2_1_35_1 e_1_2_1_4_1 e_1_2_1_13_1 e_1_2_1_34_1 e_1_2_1_10_1 e_1_2_1_2_1 e_1_2_1_11_1 e_1_2_1_16_1 e_1_2_1_17_1 e_1_2_1_14_1 e_1_2_1_37_1 e_1_2_1_15_1 e_1_2_1_36_1 Keenan C. (e_1_2_1_23_1) 1997 e_1_2_1_9_1 e_1_2_1_18_1 e_1_2_1_19_1 United States Government Accounting Office (e_1_2_1_38_1) 1991
References_xml	– reference: National Pollution Prevention Roundtable. (1996). The source: The ultimate guide to state pollution prevention legislation. Washington, DC: National Pollution Prevention Roundtable. – reference: Konar, S., & Cohen, M. A. (1997) Information as regulation: The effect of community right to know laws on toxic emissions. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 32, 109-124. – reference: Hamilton, J. T. (1995) Pollution as news: Media and stock market reactions to the Toxic Release Inventory data. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28, 98-113. – reference: Khanna, M., Quimio, W. R. H., & Bojilova, D. (1998) Toxics release information: A policy tool for environmental protection. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 36, 243-266. – reference: Arora, S., & Cason, T. N. (1996) Why do firms volunteer to exceed environmental regulation? Understanding participation in EPA's 33/50 program. Land Economics, 72, 413-432. – reference: Wooldridge, J. M. (2002). Economic analysis of cross section and panel data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. – reference: Becker, R., & Henderson, V. (2000) Effects of air quality regulations on polluting industries. Journal of Political Economy, 108, 379-421. – reference: Coglianese, C., & Lazer, D. (2003) Management-based regulation: Prescribing private management to achieve public goals. Law and Society Review, 37, 691-730. – reference: Greenstone, M. (2003) Estimating regulation-induced substitution: The effect of the Clean Air Act on water and ground pollution. American Economic Review, 93, 442-448. – reference: Hamilton, J. T. (2005). Regulation through revelation: The origin, politics, and impacts of the toxics release inventory program. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. – reference: King, A., & Lenox, M. (2000) Industry self-regulation without sanctions: The chemical industry's Responsible Care program. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 698-716. – reference: Khanna, M., & Damon, L. A. (1999) EPA's voluntary 33/50 program: Impact on toxic releases and economic performance of firms. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 37, 1-25. – reference: Graham, M., & Miller, C. (2001) Disclosure of toxic releases in the United States. Environment, 43(8), 9-20. – reference: Chamberlain, G. (1980) Analysis of covariance with qualitative data. Review of Economic Studies, 47, 5-46. – reference: Bertrand, M., Duflo, E., & Mullainathan, S. (2002) How much should we trust differencesin-differences estimates? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119, 249-275. – reference: Potoski, M., & Prakash, A. (2005) Covenant with weak swords: ISO 14001 and firms' environmental performance. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 24, 745-769. – reference: Bennear, L. S., & Coglianese, C. (2005) The role of program evaluation in environmental policy. Environment, 47(2), 22-39. – reference: Maxwell, J. W., Lyon, T. P., & Hackett, S. C. (2000) Self-regulation and social welfare: The political economy of corporate environmentalism. Journal of Law and Economics, 43, 583-617. – reference: Natan, T. E. Jr., & Miller, C. G. (1998) Are Toxics Release Inventory reductions real? Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 368A-374A. – reference: League of Conservation Voters. (1988-1999). The national environmental scorecard. Washington, DC: League of Conservation Voters. – reference: Bui, L., & Mayer, C. J. (2003) Regulation and capitalization of environmental amenities: Evidence from the Toxic Release Inventory in Massachusetts. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85, 693-708. – reference: Moulton, B. R. (1990) An illustration of a pitfall in estimating the effects of aggregate variables on micro units. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72, 334-338. – reference: United States Government Accounting Office. (1991). Toxic chemicals: EPA's Toxic Release Inventory is useful but can be improved (Document number GAO/RCED-91-121). Washington, DC: United States General Accounting Office. – reference: Keenan, C., Kanner, J. L., & Stoner, D. (1997). Survey evaluation of the Massachusetts toxics use reduction program. Methods and Policy Report No. 14. Lowell, Massachusetts: Toxics Use Reduction Institute. – reference: Natan, T. E. Jr., Miller, C. G., Scarborough, B. A., & Muir, W. R. (1996). Evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution prevention planning in New Jersey. Alexandria, Virginia: Hampshire Research Associates Inc. – reference: Helland, E., & Whitford, A. B. (2003) Pollution incidence and political jurisdiction: Evidence from the TRI. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 43, 403-424. – reference: Greenstone, M. (2002) The impacts of environmental regulations on industrial activity: Evidence from the 1970 and 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments and the census of manufacturers. Journal of Political Economy, 110, 1175-1219. – reference: Alberini, A., & Segerson, K. (2002) Assessing voluntary programs to improve environmental quality. Environmental and Resource Economics, 22, 157-184. – reference: Arora, S., & Cason, T. N. (1995) An experiment in voluntary environmental regulation: Participation in EPA's 33/50 program. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28, 271-286. – reference: Henderson, J. V. (1996) Effects of air quality regulation. American Economic Review, 86, 789-813. – volume: 43 start-page: 9 issue: 8 year: 2001 end-page: 20 article-title: Disclosure of toxic releases in the United States publication-title: Environment – year: 2006 b – volume: 93 start-page: 442 year: 2003 end-page: 448 article-title: Estimating regulation‐induced substitution: The effect of the Clean Air Act on water and ground pollution publication-title: American Economic Review – volume: 36 start-page: 243 year: 1998 end-page: 266 article-title: Toxics release information: A policy tool for environmental protection publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – year: 2005 – volume: 119 start-page: 249 year: 2002 end-page: 275 article-title: How much should we trust differencesin‐differences estimates? publication-title: Quarterly Journal of Economics – volume: 72 start-page: 334 year: 1990 end-page: 338 article-title: An illustration of a pitfall in estimating the effects of aggregate variables on micro units publication-title: The Review of Economics and Statistics – volume: 47 start-page: 5 year: 1980 end-page: 46 article-title: Analysis of covariance with qualitative data publication-title: Review of Economic Studies – volume: 32 start-page: 368A year: 1998 end-page: 374A article-title: Are Toxics Release Inventory reductions real? publication-title: Environmental Science and Technology – year: 2003 – year: 1996 – year: 2000 – volume: 43 start-page: 698 year: 2000 end-page: 716 article-title: Industry self‐regulation without sanctions: The chemical industry's Responsible Care program publication-title: Academy of Management Journal – volume: 43 start-page: 403 year: 2003 end-page: 424 article-title: Pollution incidence and political jurisdiction: Evidence from the TRI publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – volume: 86 start-page: 789 year: 1996 end-page: 813 article-title: Effects of air quality regulation publication-title: American Economic Review – volume: 110 start-page: 1175 year: 2002 end-page: 1219 article-title: The impacts of environmental regulations on industrial activity: Evidence from the 1970 and 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments and the census of manufacturers publication-title: Journal of Political Economy – volume: 22 start-page: 157 year: 2002 end-page: 184 article-title: Assessing voluntary programs to improve environmental quality publication-title: Environmental and Resource Economics – volume: 37 start-page: 1 year: 1999 end-page: 25 article-title: EPA's voluntary 33/50 program: Impact on toxic releases and economic performance of firms publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – volume: 28 start-page: 271 year: 1995 end-page: 286 article-title: An experiment in voluntary environmental regulation: Participation in EPA's 33/50 program publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – volume: 3 start-page: 1277 year: 1999 end-page: 1366 – volume: 108 start-page: 379 year: 2000 end-page: 421 article-title: Effects of air quality regulations on polluting industries publication-title: Journal of Political Economy – volume: 72 start-page: 413 year: 1996 end-page: 432 article-title: Why do firms volunteer to exceed environmental regulation? publication-title: Land Economics – start-page: 51 year: 2006 a end-page: 86 – volume: 43 start-page: 583 year: 2000 end-page: 617 article-title: Self‐regulation and social welfare: The political economy of corporate environmentalism publication-title: Journal of Law and Economics – volume: 47 start-page: 22 issue: 2 year: 2005 end-page: 39 article-title: The role of program evaluation in environmental policy publication-title: Environment – year: 2002 – year: 2004 – year: 1997 – year: 1988–1999 – volume: 85 start-page: 693 year: 2003 end-page: 708 article-title: Regulation and capitalization of environmental amenities: Evidence from the Toxic Release Inventory in Massachusetts publication-title: The Review of Economics and Statistics – volume: 28 start-page: 98 year: 1995 end-page: 113 article-title: Pollution as news: Media and stock market reactions to the Toxic Release Inventory data publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – volume: 37 start-page: 691 year: 2003 end-page: 730 article-title: Management‐based regulation: Prescribing private management to achieve public goals publication-title: Law and Society Review – year: 1991 – volume: 32 start-page: 109 year: 1997 end-page: 124 article-title: Information as regulation: The effect of community right to know laws on toxic emissions publication-title: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management – volume: 24 start-page: 745 year: 2005 end-page: 769 article-title: Covenant with weak swords: ISO 14001 and firms' environmental performance publication-title: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management – ident: e_1_2_1_35_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_16_1 doi: 10.1080/00139150109604503 – ident: e_1_2_1_34_1 doi: 10.1002/pam.20136 – ident: e_1_2_1_20_1 doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511614835 – ident: e_1_2_1_25_1 doi: 10.1006/jeem.1998.1048 – ident: e_1_2_1_4_1 doi: 10.1006/jeem.1995.1018 – ident: e_1_2_1_6_1 doi: 10.1086/262123 – ident: e_1_2_1_18_1 doi: 10.1257/000282803321947498 – volume-title: Toxic chemicals: EPA's Toxic Release Inventory is useful but can be improved (Document number GAO/RCED‐91‐121) year: 1991 ident: e_1_2_1_38_1 – volume-title: Survey evaluation of the Massachusetts toxics use reduction program year: 1997 ident: e_1_2_1_23_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_24_1 doi: 10.1006/jeem.1998.1057 – ident: e_1_2_1_37_1 – volume-title: The source: The ultimate guide to state pollution prevention legislation year: 1996 ident: e_1_2_1_33_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_8_1 doi: 10.2139/ssrn.776504 – ident: e_1_2_1_10_1 doi: 10.1162/003355304772839588 – ident: e_1_2_1_15_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_5_1 doi: 10.2307/3146906 – ident: e_1_2_1_17_1 doi: 10.1086/342808 – ident: e_1_2_1_13_1 doi: 10.2307/2297110 – ident: e_1_2_1_14_1 doi: 10.1046/j.0023-9216.2003.03703001.x – start-page: 1277 year: 1999 ident: e_1_2_1_3_1 doi: 10.1016/S1573-4463(99)03004-7 – ident: e_1_2_1_12_1 doi: 10.1162/003465303322369821 – ident: e_1_2_1_2_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1015519116167 – ident: e_1_2_1_19_1 doi: 10.1006/jeem.1995.1007 – start-page: 51 volume-title: Leveraging the private sector: Management‐based strategies for improving environmental performance year: 2006 ident: e_1_2_1_7_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_11_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_21_1 doi: 10.1016/S0095-0696(03)00033-0 – volume-title: Economic analysis of cross section and panel data year: 2002 ident: e_1_2_1_39_1 – volume-title: The national environmental scorecard year: 1988 ident: e_1_2_1_28_1 – volume: 86 start-page: 789 year: 1996 ident: e_1_2_1_22_1 article-title: Effects of air quality regulation publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: e_1_2_1_26_1 doi: 10.2307/1556362 – ident: e_1_2_1_31_1 doi: 10.1021/es983672m – ident: e_1_2_1_9_1 doi: 10.3200/ENVT.47.2.22-39 – ident: e_1_2_1_29_1 doi: 10.1086/467466 – volume-title: Evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution prevention planning in New Jersey year: 1996 ident: e_1_2_1_32_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_27_1 doi: 10.1006/jeem.1996.0955 – ident: e_1_2_1_36_1 doi: 10.2139/ssrn.809406 – ident: e_1_2_1_30_1 doi: 10.2307/2109724
SSID	ssj0005091
Score	2.011017
Snippet	This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management-based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a... This paper evaluates a recent innovation in regulating risk called management‐based regulation. Traditionally, risk regulation has either specified a...
SourceID	proquest repec eric crossref wiley jstor istex
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	327
SubjectTerms	Air pollution - Regulation Chemical hazards Chemistry Cosmic microwave background radiation Decision making Economic regulation Emissions regulations Environmental management Environmental policy - United States Environmental regulation Federal regulation Governance Hazardous materials Industrial plants Industrial regulation Management techniques Manufacturing Organizational Effectiveness Policy analysis Policy studies Pollution Pollution control Pollution control in industry - United States Prevention Prevention programs Public policy Regulation Regulatory policy Risk Risk Management State government - United States State Programs Studies Toxicity U.S.A United States Waste management
Title	Are management-based regulations effective? Evidence from state pollution prevention programs
URI	https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-QWZF4GMV-L/fulltext.pdf https://www.jstor.org/stable/30162785 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fpam.20250 http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ759394 http://econpapers.repec.org/article/wlyjpamgt/v_3a26_3ay_3a2007_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a327-348.htm https://www.proquest.com/docview/222439334 https://www.proquest.com/docview/36800419 https://www.proquest.com/docview/58746326
Volume	26
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link	http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3db9MwELem7WUvMMomwqBYCKHx0K2J43yIB1RN68agEyDGJjTJsmNn7KuLklYwnvgT-Bv5S7hznFRFTEI8pHKTS1pf78vu3e8IeeZLrnmss16SMw0LFFizKgOLlVBHBtyV7jOGhcKjg2jvMNw_5scL5GVTC1PjQ7QbbqgZ1l6jgktVbc1AQwuJheSBXa9jrhYGRB9m0FHoCO3-ShyBxrO0QRXqB1vtnXO-yKU7LyF3vzXZiXNx51JpCpPNR7HWDQ3vkpNmAnX2ycXmdKI2s-9_YDv-5wxXyB0XntJBLU_3yIIZd8jyrCFvh6y4jDmgcnahQ7y6yLc5UdENh2b94j4Rg9LQqzbJ5tePn-g4NS3NqescVtE6qQTs7ivadDmlWPdCbbkTLbAdM1LSwgFO2aFNLKtWyeFw5-P2Xs91dehlEQv7Pc40LotzrbWSaZholoa-kX1puPR9A29VrlQCxkRppjSEQIkMolwaE_twS8TWyOL4emweEJrzRII9CVKZpQhnCg9J46CvpDK-UkHkkY3m9xWZgzzHzhuXogZrDgSwWFgWe-RpS1rUOB9_I1pFIWkJdvZjnsLX98hzKzXtBVleYMJczMXRwa54f_R5GO6OPom3HlmzYtUSgnmNgjjhHllv5Ew4I1IJCN0gXGQMnv-kvQraj3_pyLG5nlaCRQkipqW3U_AkDiOGvNi24tt-9NfLm3OY2SmYNMGAw_BygwPEsGbyDIdwFHCwAM6EifgyuQKOWom9nUfi3WBkBw__nXSdLNdb5pgQ9YgsTsqpeQyx3kR1QanfvO5a1e7avY3fUNhR3A
linkProvider	Wiley-Blackwell
linkToHtml	http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3daxNBEB9K82BftMYWz6pdRKQ-pL27vU8QJJSmsSZBpbVFkGX3dtPWtumRD7Q--Sf4N_qXOLP3ESIWxIcLm7u5S3YyOx-bmd8APPdkqMNYZ61kyDUGKBizKoPBSqAjg-ZKu5xToXB_EHWPgoOT8GQJXlW1MAU-RL3hRivD6mta4LQhvTNHDc0lVZL7FLA3qKO3Dag-zMGjyBTaHZY4wjXP0wpXyPV36lsXrFGZ8Nwg_n6r8hMXPM_G2OQmW_RjrSHq3IPP1RSK_JOL7dlUbWff_0B3_N85rsLd0kNl7UKk7sOSGTVhZd6TtwmrZdIcUpWqoQlOUedbnZiwrRLQ-uUDEO2xYVd1ns2vHz_Jdmo2Nqdl87AJK_JKUPW-ZlWjU0alL8xWPLGcOjITJctLzCk7tLllkzU46uwd7nZbZWOHVhbxwG2FXFNkPNRaK5kGieZp4BnpShNKzzP4Vg2VSlCfKM2VRi8okX40lMbEHt4S8XVYHl2PzENgwzCRqFL8VGYpIZriQ9LYd5VUxlPKjxzYqn5gkZWo59R841IUeM2-QBYLy2IHntWkeQH18TeiNZKSmmDvIA5T_PoOvLBiU1-Q4wvKmYtDcTzYF--PP3WC_f5H0XNg3cpVTYgaNvLjJHRgoxI0UeqRiUDvDT1GzvH5m_VVVAD0r44cmevZRPAoIdC09HaKMImDiBMvdq381h_99fLmC87sFLWa4MhhfLmhAcFYc3lOQzxyPLiPZ4JEnE2vkKNWZG_nkXjX7tvBo38n3YQ73cN-T_TeDN5uwEqxg075UY9heTqemSfo-k3VU7vCfwNRblP9
linkToPdf	http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1fb9MwELemVUJ7gVE2EQbMQgiNh25JnDiJeEDVtm6MtRqIsQkhWXbsDNjWRUkrGE98BD4jn4Q7509VxCTEQyo3uaT19f7ZvfsdIU89Geow0mkvzpiGBQqsWZWBxUqguQF3pV3GsFB4OOL7x8HBaXi6QF40tTAVPkS74YaaYe01Knius60ZaGgusZDcx_V6J-BujCK983aGHYWe0G6wRBxUniUNrJDrb7W3zjmjOt-5g-z91qQnzgWencLkJp0PY60fGtwhH5sZVOkn55vTidpMv_8B7vifU1wmt-v4lPYrgbpLFsy4S5ZmHXm7ZLlOmQOq2jB0iVNV-TYnSrpRw1k_v0dEvzD0ss2y-fXjJ3pOTQtzVrcOK2mVVQKG9yVt2pxSLHyhtt6J5tiPGSlpXiNO2aHNLCtXyPFg9932fq9u69BLOQvcXsg0roszrbWSSRBrlgSeka40ofQ8A29VplQM1kRppjTEQLH0eSaNiTy4hbNVsji-Gpv7hGZhLMGg-IlME8QzhYckke8qqYynlM8dstH8viKtMc-x9caFqNCafQEsFpbFDnnSkuYV0MffiFZQSFqC3YMoTODrO-SZlZr2gizOMWMuCsXJaE-8OfkwCPaG78WhQ1atWLWEYF-5H8WhQ9YaORO1FSkFxG4QLzIGz19vr4L64386cmyupqVgPEbItORmijCOAs6QF9tWfNuP_npx_QVmdgY2TTDgMLxc4wBBrJn8jEM4cjiYD2eCWHyaXAJHrcTezCNx1B_awYN_J10nt452BuLw1ej1Glmqts8xOeohWZwUU_MI4r6Jemz1-zc7FFK1
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Are+Management-Based+Regulations+Effective%3F+Evidence+from+State+Pollution+Prevention+Programs&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+policy+analysis+and+management&rft.au=Bennear%2C+Lori+Snyder&rft.date=2007-04-01&rft.issn=0276-8739&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=327&rft.epage=348&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fpam.20250&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0276-8739&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0276-8739&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0276-8739&client=summon