Antagonism of CRTH2 ameliorates chronic epicutaneous sensitization-induced inflammation by multiple mechanisms
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD2 and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and spec...
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Published in | International immunology Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 1 - 17 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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England
Oxford University Press
01.01.2009
Oxford Publishing Limited (England) |
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Abstract | Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD2 and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and specific antagonist of CRTH2. Administration of this antagonist ameliorated cutaneous inflammation caused by either repeated epicutaneous ovalbumin or FITC sensitization. Gene expression and ELISA analysis revealed that there was reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA or protein produced. Importantly, the CRTH2 antagonist reduced total IgE, as well as antigen-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels. This reduction in antibody production correlated to reduced cytokines produced by splenocytes following in vitro antigen challenge. An examination of skin CD11c+ dendritic cells (DC) showed that in mice treated with the CRTH2 antagonist, there was a decrease in the number of these cells that migrated to the draining lymph nodes in response to FITC application to the skin. Additionally, naive CD4+ T lymphocytes co-cultured with skin-derived DC from CRTH2 antagonist-treated mice showed a reduced ability to produce a number of cytokines compared with DC from vehicle-treated mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CRTH2 has a pivotal role in mediating the inflammation and the underlying immune response following epicutaneous sensitization. |
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AbstractList | Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD2 and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and specific antagonist of CRTH2. Administration of this antagonist ameliorated cutaneous inflammation caused by either repeated epicutaneous ovalbumin or FITC sensitization. Gene expression and ELISA analysis revealed that there was reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA or protein produced. Importantly, the CRTH2 antagonist reduced total IgE, as well as antigen-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels. This reduction in antibody production correlated to reduced cytokines produced by splenocytes following in vitro antigen challenge. An examination of skin CD11c+ dendritic cells (DC) showed that in mice treated with the CRTH2 antagonist, there was a decrease in the number of these cells that migrated to the draining lymph nodes in response to FITC application to the skin. Additionally, naive CD4+ T lymphocytes co-cultured with skin-derived DC from CRTH2 antagonist-treated mice showed a reduced ability to produce a number of cytokines compared with DC from vehicle-treated mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CRTH2 has a pivotal role in mediating the inflammation and the underlying immune response following epicutaneous sensitization. Prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T h 2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD 2 and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and specific antagonist of CRTH2. Administration of this antagonist ameliorated cutaneous inflammation caused by either repeated epicutaneous ovalbumin or FITC sensitization. Gene expression and ELISA analysis revealed that there was reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA or protein produced. Importantly, the CRTH2 antagonist reduced total IgE, as well as antigen-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels. This reduction in antibody production correlated to reduced cytokines produced by splenocytes following in vitro antigen challenge. An examination of skin CD11c + dendritic cells (DC) showed that in mice treated with the CRTH2 antagonist, there was a decrease in the number of these cells that migrated to the draining lymph nodes in response to FITC application to the skin. Additionally, naive CD4 + T lymphocytes co-cultured with skin-derived DC from CRTH2 antagonist-treated mice showed a reduced ability to produce a number of cytokines compared with DC from vehicle-treated mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CRTH2 has a pivotal role in mediating the inflammation and the underlying immune response following epicutaneous sensitization. Prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T(h)2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD(2) and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and specific antagonist of CRTH2. Administration of this antagonist ameliorated cutaneous inflammation caused by either repeated epicutaneous ovalbumin or FITC sensitization. Gene expression and ELISA analysis revealed that there was reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA or protein produced. Importantly, the CRTH2 antagonist reduced total IgE, as well as antigen-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels. This reduction in antibody production correlated to reduced cytokines produced by splenocytes following in vitro antigen challenge. An examination of skin CD11c(+) dendritic cells (DC) showed that in mice treated with the CRTH2 antagonist, there was a decrease in the number of these cells that migrated to the draining lymph nodes in response to FITC application to the skin. Additionally, naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes co-cultured with skin-derived DC from CRTH2 antagonist-treated mice showed a reduced ability to produce a number of cytokines compared with DC from vehicle-treated mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CRTH2 has a pivotal role in mediating the inflammation and the underlying immune response following epicutaneous sensitization. Prostaglandin D[sub]2 (PGD[sub]2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T[sub]h2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous allergic diseases. We investigated the role of PGD[sub]2 and CRTH2 in allergic cutaneous inflammation by using a highly potent and specific antagonist of CRTH2. Administration of this antagonist ameliorated cutaneous inflammation caused by either repeated epicutaneous ovalbumin or FITC sensitization. Gene expression and ELISA analysis revealed that there was reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA or protein produced. Importantly, the CRTH2 antagonist reduced total IgE, as well as antigen-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels. This reduction in antibody production correlated to reduced cytokines produced by splenocytes following in vitro antigen challenge. An examination of skin CD11c[sup]+ dendritic cells (DC) showed that in mice treated with the CRTH2 antagonist, there was a decrease in the number of these cells that migrated to the draining lymph nodes in response to FITC application to the skin. Additionally, naive CD4[sup]+ T lymphocytes co-cultured with skin-derived DC from CRTH2 antagonist-treated mice showed a reduced ability to produce a number of cytokines compared with DC from vehicle-treated mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CRTH2 has a pivotal role in mediating the inflammation and the underlying immune response following epicutaneous sensitization. |
Author | Chen, Edward P. Bacon, Kevin B. Franz-Bacon, Karin Hardiman, Gary Sprague, L. James Boehme, Stefen A. Šášik, Roman Ly, Tai Wei |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA 3 Moore’s Cancer Center 4 Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA 2 Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), School of Medicine |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Moore’s Cancer Center – name: 1 Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA – name: 4 Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA – name: 2 Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), School of Medicine |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stefen A. surname: Boehme fullname: Boehme, Stefen A. email: sboehme@actimis.com organization: Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Edward P. surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Edward P. organization: Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Karin surname: Franz-Bacon fullname: Franz-Bacon, Karin organization: Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Roman surname: Šášik fullname: Šášik, Roman organization: Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), School of Medicine – sequence: 5 givenname: L. James surname: Sprague fullname: Sprague, L. James organization: Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), School of Medicine – sequence: 6 givenname: Tai Wei surname: Ly fullname: Ly, Tai Wei organization: Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Gary surname: Hardiman fullname: Hardiman, Gary organization: Biomedical Genomics Microarray Facility (BIOGEM), School of Medicine – sequence: 8 givenname: Kevin B. surname: Bacon fullname: Bacon, Kevin B. organization: Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066315$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Snippet | Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis... Prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T(h)2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the... Prostaglandin D[sub]2 (PGD[sub]2) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T[sub]h2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the... Prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ) and its receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T h 2 cells (CRTH2) have been implicated in the... |
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SubjectTerms | allergy Animals Antigens, CD - drug effects Antigens, CD - metabolism CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - drug effects CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism Cells, Cultured CRTH2 Cytokines - analysis Cytokines - drug effects Cytokines - immunology Dendritic Cells - drug effects Dendritic Cells - immunology Dendritic Cells - metabolism Dermatitis, Atopic - chemically induced Dermatitis, Atopic - immunology Dermatitis, Atopic - pathology Female Gene Expression - drug effects Gene Expression - immunology Immunoglobulins - blood Immunoglobulins - drug effects inflammation Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Original Research Papers Ovalbumin - immunology Prostaglandin Antagonists - pharmacology prostaglandin D2 Prostaglandin D2 - immunology Prostaglandin D2 - metabolism Receptors, Immunologic - antagonists & inhibitors Receptors, Immunologic - metabolism Receptors, Prostaglandin - antagonists & inhibitors Receptors, Prostaglandin - metabolism skin Up-Regulation |
Title | Antagonism of CRTH2 ameliorates chronic epicutaneous sensitization-induced inflammation by multiple mechanisms |
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