Prevalence of respiratory bacterial pathogens and associated management factors in dairy calves in Taiwan
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-w...
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| Published in | Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 84; no. 7; pp. 946 - 953 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Japan
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
2022
The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science |
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| Abstract | This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-weaned calves from 32 different farms in Taiwan, then the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 84.37% at farm-level and 45.50% at calf-level, and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was the most prevalent pathogen. The presence of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), P. multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) and Histophilus somni (H. somni) were all higher in BRD positive calves than BRD negative calves, but only in H. somni was significant (P<0.001). Then nine farm management risk factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression models to determine the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens (farm and calf-level). In the result at farm-level, only unheated colostrum was significantly associated with pathogen positive farms (Odds Ratio (OR)=11.43). At calf-level, the predominant risk factor for each pathogen, M. bovis, P. multocida, M. haemolytica and H. somni, was late first colostrum feeding (OR=272.82), unheated colostrum (OR=3.41), waste milk feeding (OR=6.59) and high pneumonia treatment cost (OR=2.52), respectively. For effective preventive measures, farmer education on milk and colostrum feeding are urgently warranted. |
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| AbstractList | This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of
bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-weaned calves from 32 different farms in Taiwan, then the nasopharyngeal swabs
were collected. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 84.37% at farm-level and 45.50% at calf-level, and
Pasteurella multocida
(
P. multocida
) was the
most prevalent pathogen. The presence of
Mycoplasma bovis
(
M. bovis
),
P. multocida
,
Mannheimia haemolytica
(
M.
haemolytica
) and
Histophilus somni
(
H. somni
) were all higher in BRD positive calves than BRD negative calves, but only in
H.
somni
was significant (
P
<0.001). Then nine farm management risk factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression models to determine the risk
factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens (farm and calf-level). In the result at farm-level, only unheated colostrum was significantly associated with pathogen positive farms (Odds Ratio
(OR)=11.43). At calf-level, the predominant risk factor for each pathogen,
M. bovis
,
P. multocida
,
M. haemolytica
and
H.
somni
, was late first colostrum feeding (OR=272.82), unheated colostrum (OR=3.41), waste milk feeding (OR=6.59) and high pneumonia treatment cost (OR=2.52), respectively. For
effective preventive measures, farmer education on milk and colostrum feeding are urgently warranted. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-weaned calves from 32 different farms in Taiwan, then the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 84.37% at farm-level and 45.50% at calf-level, and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was the most prevalent pathogen. The presence of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), P. multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) and Histophilus somni (H. somni) were all higher in BRD positive calves than BRD negative calves, but only in H. somni was significant (P<0.001). Then nine farm management risk factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression models to determine the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens (farm and calf-level). In the result at farm-level, only unheated colostrum was significantly associated with pathogen positive farms (Odds Ratio (OR)=11.43). At calf-level, the predominant risk factor for each pathogen, M. bovis, P. multocida, M. haemolytica and H. somni, was late first colostrum feeding (OR=272.82), unheated colostrum (OR=3.41), waste milk feeding (OR=6.59) and high pneumonia treatment cost (OR=2.52), respectively. For effective preventive measures, farmer education on milk and colostrum feeding are urgently warranted. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-weaned calves from 32 different farms in Taiwan, then the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 84.37% at farm-level and 45.50% at calf-level, and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was the most prevalent pathogen. The presence of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), P. multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) and Histophilus somni (H. somni) were all higher in BRD positive calves than BRD negative calves, but only in H. somni was significant (P<0.001). Then nine farm management risk factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression models to determine the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens (farm and calf-level). In the result at farm-level, only unheated colostrum was significantly associated with pathogen positive farms (Odds Ratio (OR)=11.43). At calf-level, the predominant risk factor for each pathogen, M. bovis, P. multocida, M. haemolytica and H. somni, was late first colostrum feeding (OR=272.82), unheated colostrum (OR=3.41), waste milk feeding (OR=6.59) and high pneumonia treatment cost (OR=2.52), respectively. For effective preventive measures, farmer education on milk and colostrum feeding are urgently warranted.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence at both farm-level and calf-level and to identify the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens in dairy calves in Taiwan. The status of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was evaluated by using the Wisconsin scoring system from a total of 400 pre-weaned calves from 32 different farms in Taiwan, then the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 84.37% at farm-level and 45.50% at calf-level, and Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) was the most prevalent pathogen. The presence of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), P. multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) and Histophilus somni (H. somni) were all higher in BRD positive calves than BRD negative calves, but only in H. somni was significant (P<0.001). Then nine farm management risk factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression models to determine the risk factors of respiratory bacterial pathogens (farm and calf-level). In the result at farm-level, only unheated colostrum was significantly associated with pathogen positive farms (Odds Ratio (OR)=11.43). At calf-level, the predominant risk factor for each pathogen, M. bovis, P. multocida, M. haemolytica and H. somni, was late first colostrum feeding (OR=272.82), unheated colostrum (OR=3.41), waste milk feeding (OR=6.59) and high pneumonia treatment cost (OR=2.52), respectively. For effective preventive measures, farmer education on milk and colostrum feeding are urgently warranted. |
| ArticleNumber | 22-0056 |
| Author | THONGRUEANG, Natcha HSU, Huan-Yu TSAI, Yi-Lun LEE, Hsu-Hsun LIU, Shyh-Shyan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: LEE, Hsu-Hsun organization: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan – sequence: 2 fullname: THONGRUEANG, Natcha organization: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan – sequence: 3 fullname: LIU, Shyh-Shyan organization: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan – sequence: 4 fullname: HSU, Huan-Yu organization: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan – sequence: 5 fullname: TSAI, Yi-Lun organization: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00222-3 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00595 10.3168/jds.2015-10728 10.1111/jvim.12531 10.1111/jvim.14721 10.3168/jds.2018-14773 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.03.021 10.3390/pathogens9070593 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.03.016 10.2460/ajvr.74.2.300 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.12.024 10.3168/jds.2015-9990 10.3168/jds.2014-8790 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.013 10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.04.004 10.3390/ani11092738 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(79)83472-4 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)75114-9 10.1177/104063870902100407 10.1136/vr.c4827 10.1093/jac/40.5.622 10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.10.003 10.1111/jvim.14668 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74599-7 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.12.015 10.1371/journal.pone.0044523 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2003.00668.x 10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30302-9 10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.04.001 10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00208-2 10.2460/javma.235.6.749 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109135 10.3168/jds.2018-14775 |
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| Keywords | bovine respiratory disease prevalence management calf Taiwan |
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| Title | Prevalence of respiratory bacterial pathogens and associated management factors in dairy calves in Taiwan |
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