Triglyceride–glucose index and the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

• Published in: Cardiovascular diabetology Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 76 - 13
• Main Authors: Ding, Xiaobo, Wang, Xiaozhen, Wu, Jing, Zhang, Manli, Cui, Meizi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 03.04.2021; BMC
• Subjects: Age; Angina pectoris; Arteriosclerosis; Asymmetry; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cohort analysis; Coronary artery; Coronary artery disease; Coronary vessels; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Glucose; Heart diseases; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Meta-analysis; Original Investigation; Population; Risk factors; Stroke; Triglyceride-glucose index; Triglyceride-glucose index; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases; Insulin resistance; Coronary artery disease; Meta-analysis
• DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01268-9
• ISSN: 1475-2840

Insulin resistance has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). This study evaluated the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel surrogate indicator of insulin resistance, and the incidence of ASCVDs in people without ASCVDs at baseline by performing a meta-analysis. Cohort studies reporting the multivariate-adjusted association between the TyG index and the incidence of ASCVDs were obtained by searching the PubMed and Embase databases. A random-effects model incorporating intra-study heterogeneity was applied to combine the results. Eight cohort studies comprising 5,731,294 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that compared to those with the lowest TyG index category, participants with the highest TyG index category were independently associated with a higher risk of ASCVDs [hazard ratio (HR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.01, I  = 80%, P < 0.001]. This finding was consistent with the meta-analysis results with the TyG index analyzed as a continuous variable (HR per 1-unit increment of the TyG index: 1.39, 95% CI 1.18-1.64, I  = 89%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses suggested that the age, sex, and diabetic status did not significantly affect the association (for subgroup analyses, all P > 0.05). Moreover, participants with the highest TyG index category were independently associated with a higher risk of coronary artery disease [(CAD), HR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.47-2.58, I  = 92%, P < 0.001] and stroke (HR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.23-1.29, I  = 0%, P < 0.001). A higher TyG index may be independently associated with a higher incidence of ASCVDs, CAD, and stroke in people without ASCVDs at baseline.