ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROXITHROMYCIN: A LABORATORY EVALUATION

Roxithromycin, formerly known as RU 28965 (9-[O[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]oxime]-erythromycin), is a novel 14 atom-membered semisynthetic macrolide with an antibacterial spectrum directed towards Gram-positive cocci and bacilli, Gram-negative cocci and some Parvobacteriaceae. The in vitro antibacteria...

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Published inJournal of antibiotics Vol. 39; no. 5; pp. 660 - 668
Main Authors CHANTOT, JEAN-FRANÇOIS, BRYSKIER, ANDRÉ, GASC, JEAN-CLAUDE
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Tokyo JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION 1986
Japan Antibiotics Research Association
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Abstract Roxithromycin, formerly known as RU 28965 (9-[O[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]oxime]-erythromycin), is a novel 14 atom-membered semisynthetic macrolide with an antibacterial spectrum directed towards Gram-positive cocci and bacilli, Gram-negative cocci and some Parvobacteriaceae. The in vitro antibacterial activity of roxithromycin was compared with those of erythromycin and spiramycin against 275 clinical isolates by using 2-fold broth macro-dilution tests. The antibacterial spectrum of roxithromycin and erythromycin were qualitatively comparable (including the bacteriostatic type of activity and the profile of resistance), but minimal inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin were generally one half those of roxithromycin, except for Corynebacterium sp. and Bacteroides fragilis against which the new macrolide was more active. On the other hand, roxithromycin exhibited a superior in vivo antibacterial activity in laboratory animals, being up to six times more potent than erythromycin in curing experimentally infected mice. Roxithromycin showed high blood levels and long half-lives of elimination in rodents after oral administration, and its bioavailability amounted to 72% in mice and 85% in rats, compared to less than 10% for erythromycin. Roxithromycin was widely distributed throughout the body with a high degree of penetration into all tissues, particularly in the lungs.
AbstractList Roxithromycin, formerly known as RU 28965 (9-[O[(2-methoxyethoxy)methyl]oxime]-erythromycin), is a novel 14 atom-membered semisynthetic macrolide with an antibacterial spectrum directed towards Gram-positive cocci and bacilli, Gram-negative cocci and some Parvobacteriaceae. The in vitro antibacterial activity of roxithromycin was compared with those of erythromycin and spiramycin against 275 clinical isolates by using 2-fold broth macro-dilution tests. The antibacterial spectrum of roxithromycin and erythromycin were qualitatively comparable (including the bacteriostatic type of activity and the profile of resistance), but minimal inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin were generally one half those of roxithromycin, except for Corynebacterium sp. and Bacteroides fragilis against which the new macrolide was more active. On the other hand, roxithromycin exhibited a superior in vivo antibacterial activity in laboratory animals, being up to six times more potent than erythromycin in curing experimentally infected mice. Roxithromycin showed high blood levels and long half-lives of elimination in rodents after oral administration, and its bioavailability amounted to 72% in mice and 85% in rats, compared to less than 10% for erythromycin. Roxithromycin was widely distributed throughout the body with a high degree of penetration into all tissues, particularly in the lungs.
Author CHANTOT, JEAN-FRANÇOIS
GASC, JEAN-CLAUDE
BRYSKIER, ANDRÉ
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Keywords In vivo
Antibiotic
Spiramycine
Laboratory animal
Erythromycin
Antibacterial agent
Metabolism
In vitro
Clinical isolate
Macrolide
Biological activity
Comparative study
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References 11) SAITO, A.: The activity of macrolides on organisms responsible for respiratory infections with emphasis on Legionella. Abstracts of 14th Int. Congr. Chemother., WS-11-7, p. 54, Kyoto, June 23-28, 1985
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19) LASSUS, A.; A. SEPPALA, A. ESKELINEN & R. HYODYNMAA: A double-blind comparison of RU 28965, a new macrolide, and lymecycline in the treatment of non gonococcal urethritis. 6th Int. Meeting. Int. Soc. STD Res. (ISSTDR), Brighton, July-Aug., 1985, in press
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5) BRYSKIER, A. J.; J. C. GASC & J. F. CHANTOT: Classification and structure activity relationships of macrolides with emphasis on new developments. Abstracts of 14th Int. Congr. Chemother., WS-11-2, p. 53, Kyoto,June 23-28, 1985
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SubjectTerms Animals
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Biological and medical sciences
Erythromycin - metabolism
Erythromycin - pharmacology
Kinetics
Leucomycins - metabolism
Leucomycins - pharmacology
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rats
Tissue Distribution
Title ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ROXITHROMYCIN: A LABORATORY EVALUATION
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