The microbial pharmacists within us: a metagenomic view of xenobiotic metabolism

• Published in: Nature reviews. Microbiology Vol. 14; no. 5; pp. 273 - 287
• Main Authors: Spanogiannopoulos, Peter, Bess, Elizabeth N., Carmody, Rachel N., Turnbaugh, Peter J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.05.2016; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/326/22; 631/326/2565/2134; 631/326/41/2142; Animals; Diet; Drug Therapy; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology; Genetic polymorphisms; Health aspects; Humans; Immune System - physiology; Infectious Diseases; Innovations; Life Sciences; Medical Microbiology; Metabolome; Metagenome; Microbiology; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Molecular targeted therapy; Parasitology; Pharmaceutical Preparations - metabolism; Pharmacogenetics; review-article; Toxins; Virology; Xenobiotics; Xenobiotics - metabolism

Key Points The gut microbiome is a neglected component of the first-pass metabolism of xenobiotics before reaching the general circulation. Direct microbial metabolism of xenobiotics and their metabolites often involves reduction or hydrolysis, but most of the enzymes responsible for these reactions...