Decay of Fc-dependent antibody functions after mild to moderate COVID-19

The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent a...

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Published inCell reports. Medicine Vol. 2; no. 6; p. 100296
Main Authors Lee, Wen Shi, Selva, Kevin John, Davis, Samantha K., Wines, Bruce D., Reynaldi, Arnold, Esterbauer, Robyn, Kelly, Hannah G., Haycroft, Ebene R., Tan, Hyon-Xhi, Juno, Jennifer A., Wheatley, Adam K., Hogarth, P. Mark, Cromer, Deborah, Davenport, Miles P., Chung, Amy W., Kent, Stephen J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 15.06.2021
Elsevier
Subjects
ADCC
ADP
Advanced Basic Science
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - metabolism
antibody
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity - immunology
Cell Line, Tumor
convalescence
COVID-19
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - pathology
COVID-19 - virology
decay
Dimerization
Fc effector functions
Humans
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - genetics
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - immunology
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - metabolism
Kinetics
Neutralization Tests
Phagocytosis
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification
SARS-CoV-2 - metabolism
Severity of Illness Index
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism
trogocytosis
COVID-19
trogocytosis
phagocytosis
SARS-CoV-2
Fc effector functions
convalescence
antibody
decay
ADCC
ADP
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Abstract The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies. [Display omitted] SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific Fc effector functions may contribute to COVID-19 controlSpike-specific ADCC and ADP responses decline in the 4 months post-infectionCompared to neutralization, ADCC and ADP are detectable longer post-infectionCross-reactive antibodies against human coronavirus spike increase post-infection Lee et al. report the decline of Fc-dependent antibody functions against SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 convalescent subjects up to 149 days post-infection. Unlike neutralization activity, plasma ADCC and ADP responses are sustained in the majority of subjects at the last time point measured.
AbstractList The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.
The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.
The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies. [Display omitted] SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific Fc effector functions may contribute to COVID-19 controlSpike-specific ADCC and ADP responses decline in the 4 months post-infectionCompared to neutralization, ADCC and ADP are detectable longer post-infectionCross-reactive antibodies against human coronavirus spike increase post-infection Lee et al. report the decline of Fc-dependent antibody functions against SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 convalescent subjects up to 149 days post-infection. Unlike neutralization activity, plasma ADCC and ADP responses are sustained in the majority of subjects at the last time point measured.
SummaryThe capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies.
The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of such antibodies during convalescence from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely unknown. We develop assays to measure Fc-dependent antibody functions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S)-expressing cells in serial samples from subjects primarily with mild-moderate COVID-19 up to 149 days post-infection. We find that S-specific antibodies capable of engaging Fcγ receptors decay over time, with S-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) activity within plasma declining accordingly. Although there is significant decay in ADCC and ADP activity, they remain readily detectable in almost all subjects at the last time point studied (94%) in contrast with neutralization activity (70%). Although it remains unclear the degree to which Fc effector functions contribute to protection against SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, our results indicate that antibodies with Fc effector functions persist longer than neutralizing antibodies. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific Fc effector functions may contribute to COVID-19 control Spike-specific ADCC and ADP responses decline in the 4 months post-infection Compared to neutralization, ADCC and ADP are detectable longer post-infection Cross-reactive antibodies against human coronavirus spike increase post-infection Lee et al. report the decline of Fc-dependent antibody functions against SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 convalescent subjects up to 149 days post-infection. Unlike neutralization activity, plasma ADCC and ADP responses are sustained in the majority of subjects at the last time point measured.
ArticleNumber 100296
Author Kent, Stephen J.
Davis, Samantha K.
Selva, Kevin John
Wheatley, Adam K.
Tan, Hyon-Xhi
Juno, Jennifer A.
Kelly, Hannah G.
Cromer, Deborah
Hogarth, P. Mark
Reynaldi, Arnold
Esterbauer, Robyn
Wines, Bruce D.
Davenport, Miles P.
Chung, Amy W.
Lee, Wen Shi
Haycroft, Ebene R.
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  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-0780-9422
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  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-6197-4277
  surname: Davis
  fullname: Davis, Samantha K.
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  organization: Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  givenname: Hannah G.
  surname: Kelly
  fullname: Kelly, Hannah G.
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  givenname: Ebene R.
  surname: Haycroft
  fullname: Haycroft, Ebene R.
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  givenname: Hyon-Xhi
  surname: Tan
  fullname: Tan, Hyon-Xhi
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  givenname: Jennifer A.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9072-1017
  surname: Juno
  fullname: Juno, Jennifer A.
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  givenname: Adam K.
  surname: Wheatley
  fullname: Wheatley, Adam K.
  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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  organization: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Issue 6
Keywords COVID-19
trogocytosis
phagocytosis
SARS-CoV-2
Fc effector functions
convalescence
antibody
decay
ADCC
ADP
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
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Snippet The capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The evolution of...
SummaryThe capacity of antibodies to engage with immune cells via the Fc region is important in preventing and controlling many infectious diseases. The...
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StartPage 100296
SubjectTerms ADCC
ADP
Advanced Basic Science
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - metabolism
antibody
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity - immunology
Cell Line, Tumor
convalescence
COVID-19
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - pathology
COVID-19 - virology
decay
Dimerization
Fc effector functions
Humans
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - genetics
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - immunology
Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments - metabolism
Kinetics
Neutralization Tests
Phagocytosis
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification
SARS-CoV-2 - metabolism
Severity of Illness Index
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism
trogocytosis
Title Decay of Fc-dependent antibody functions after mild to moderate COVID-19
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100296
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33997824
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Volume 2
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