Glucose-sensing microRNA-21 disrupts ROS homeostasis and impairs antioxidant responses in cellular glucose variability

• Published in: Cardiovascular diabetology Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 105 - 14
• Main Authors: La Sala, Lucia, Mrakic-Sposta, Simona, Micheloni, Stefano, Prattichizzo, Francesco, Ceriello, Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 23.07.2018; BMC
• Subjects: 3' Untranslated Regions; Anions; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Apoptosis; Binding Sites; Cardiovascular disease; Cells, Cultured; Chemoreception; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic retinopathy; Enzymes; Epigenetics; Forkhead Box Protein O1 - genetics; Forkhead Box Protein O1 - metabolism; FOXO1 protein; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glucose; Glucose - toxicity; Growth factors; Homeostasis; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - enzymology; Humans; Hyperglycemia; KRIT1; KRIT1 Protein - genetics; KRIT1 Protein - metabolism; Membrane potential; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects; Membrane proteins; Metabolism; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; miR-21; miRNA; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - drug effects; Mitochondria - enzymology; Mitochondrial dysfunction; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - genetics; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism; Original Investigation; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Rodents; ROS homeostasis; Signal Transduction - drug effects; SOD2; Superoxide; Superoxide anion; Superoxide anions; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Toxicity; Glucose variability; Superoxide anion; Mitochondrial dysfunction; ROS homeostasis; KRIT1; miR-21; SOD2; Oscillating glucose

Antioxidant enzymes play a fundamental role in counteracting oxidative stress induced by high glucose. Although mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the principal defence against the toxicity of superoxide anions, the mechanism of its inactivation in diabetic subjects is still poorly underst...