Large number of rebounding/founder HIV variants emerge from multifocal infection in lymphatic tissues after treatment interruption

• Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 112; no. 10; pp. E1126 - E1134
• Main Authors: Rothenberger, Meghan K., Keele, Brandon F., Wietgrefe, Stephen W., Fletcher, Courtney V., Beilman, Gregory J., Chipman, Jeffrey G., Khoruts, Alexander, Estes, Jacob D., Anderson, Jodi, Callisto, Samuel P., Schmidt, Thomas E., Thorkelson, Ann, Reilly, Cavan, Perkey, Katherine, Reimann, Thomas G., Utay, Netanya S., Makamdop, Krystelle Nganou, Stevenson, Mario, Douek, Daniel C., Haase, Ashley T., Schacker, Timothy W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States National Academy of Sciences 10.03.2015; National Acad Sciences
• Series: PNAS Plus
• Subjects: Adult; Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral drugs; Biological Sciences; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; Cells; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug therapy; HIV; HIV - genetics; HIV - physiology; HIV infections; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - virology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; In Situ Hybridization; Lymphatic system; Lymphoid Tissue - virology; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; patients; Phylogeny; PNAS Plus; RNA, Viral - blood; therapeutics; Tissues; Viral Load; viruses; HIV/AIDS; treatment interruption; viral recrudescence; founder population

Significance Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses HIV replication; however, treatment cannot be stopped, because latently infected CD4+ T cells will rekindle infection. As one estimate of the size of the pool of latently infected cells that must be purged for cure, we asked whether re...