Internet-Based Approaches to Building Stakeholder Networks for Conservation and Natural Resource Management

• Published in: Environmental management (New York) Vol. 57; no. 2; pp. 345 - 354
• Main Authors: Kreakie, B. J., Hychka, K. C., Belaire, J. A., Minor, E., Walker, H. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.02.2016; Springer Nature B.V; Springer
• Subjects: Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Collaboration; Conservation; Conservation biology; Conservation of Natural Resources; Cybermetrics; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecology; Environment; Environmental Management; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry Management; Humans; Hyperlink; Internet; MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING; Methods; Natural resource management; Natural Resources; Nature Conservation; Professionals; Relatedness; Response rates; Social behavior; Social interaction; Social network analysis; Social Networking; Social networks; Stakeholder; Stakeholders; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Websites; Workloads; USA, Illinois, Chicago; Cybermetrics; Social network analysis; Stakeholder; Relatedness; Hyperlink
• ISSN: 0364-152X; 1432-1009
• DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0624-8

Social network analysis (SNA) is based on a conceptual network representation of social interactions and is an invaluable tool for conservation professionals to increase collaboration, improve information flow, and increase efficiency. We present two approaches to constructing internet-based social networks, and use an existing traditional (survey-based) case study to illustrate in a familiar context the deviations in methods and results. Internet-based approaches to SNA offer a means to overcome institutional hurdles to conducting survey-based SNA, provide unique insight into an institution’s web presences, allow for easy snowballing (iterative process that incorporates new nodes in the network), and afford monitoring of social networks through time. The internet-based approaches differ in link definition: hyperlink is based on links on a website that redirect to a different website and relatedness links are based on a Google’s “relatedness” operator that identifies pages “similar” to a URL. All networks were initiated with the same start nodes [members of a conservation alliance for the Calumet region around Chicago (n = 130)], but the resulting networks vary drastically from one another. Interpretation of the resulting networks is highly contingent upon how the links were defined.