Non Susceptibility of Neonatal and Adult Rats against the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a suitable model for MERS-CoV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a known receptor for MERS-CoV on...

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Published inJapanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 69; no. 6; pp. 510 - 516
Main Authors Iwata-Yoshikawa, Naoko, Fukushi, Shuetsu, Fukuma, Aiko, Suzuki, Tadaki, Takeda, Makoto, Tashiro, Masato, Hasegawa, Hideki, Nagata, Noriyo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee 2016
Subjects
Administration, Intranasal
animal model
Animals
Cell Line
Coronaviridae
Disease Resistance
Female
Host Specificity
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Lung - virology
MERS-CoV
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - growth & development
Pregnancy
rat
Rats, Inbred F344
Rats, Inbred Lew
susceptibility
Viral Tropism
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Abstract The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a suitable model for MERS-CoV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a known receptor for MERS-CoV on type I pneumocytes from infected rats. Whereas adult rats developed antibodies against MERS-CoV spike protein after intranasal inoculation, there was no evidence of viral replication in the lungs of adult, young, or neonatal rats after intranasal inoculation with MERS-CoV. In addition, human DPP4-expressing rat kidney fibroblasts, but not rat DPP4-expressing cells, were susceptible to MERS-CoV. Taken together, these results suggest that the rat is not a useful animal model for studying MERS-CoV infection.
AbstractList The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a suitable model for MERS-CoV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a known receptor for MERS-CoV on type I pneumocytes from infected rats. Whereas adult rats developed antibodies against MERS-CoV spike protein after intranasal inoculation, there was no evidence of viral replication in the lungs of adult, young, or neonatal rats after intranasal inoculation with MERS-CoV. In addition, human DPP4-expressing rat kidney fibroblasts, but not rat DPP4-expressing cells, were susceptible to MERS-CoV. Taken together, these results suggest that the rat is not a useful animal model for studying MERS-CoV infection.
The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a suitable model for MERS-CoV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a known receptor for MERS-CoV on type I pneumocytes from infected rats. Whereas adult rats developed antibodies against MERS-CoV spike protein after intranasal inoculation, there was no evidence of viral replication in the lungs of adult, young, or neonatal rats after intranasal inoculation with MERS-CoV. In addition, human DPP4-expressing rat kidney fibroblasts, but not rat DPP4-expressing cells, were susceptible to MERS-CoV. Taken together, these results suggest that the rat is not a useful animal model for studying MERS-CoV infection.The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a suitable model for MERS-CoV infection. Immunohistochemical analysis identified dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a known receptor for MERS-CoV on type I pneumocytes from infected rats. Whereas adult rats developed antibodies against MERS-CoV spike protein after intranasal inoculation, there was no evidence of viral replication in the lungs of adult, young, or neonatal rats after intranasal inoculation with MERS-CoV. In addition, human DPP4-expressing rat kidney fibroblasts, but not rat DPP4-expressing cells, were susceptible to MERS-CoV. Taken together, these results suggest that the rat is not a useful animal model for studying MERS-CoV infection.
Author Iwata-Yoshikawa, Naoko
Suzuki, Tadaki
Takeda, Makoto
Fukuma, Aiko
Fukushi, Shuetsu
Nagata, Noriyo
Hasegawa, Hideki
Tashiro, Masato
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  fullname: Iwata-Yoshikawa, Naoko
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID)
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  fullname: Fukushi, Shuetsu
  organization: Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID)
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  fullname: Fukuma, Aiko
  organization: Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID)
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  fullname: Suzuki, Tadaki
  organization: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID)
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  fullname: Takeda, Makoto
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References_xml – reference: 1. Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, et al. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1814-20.
– reference: 4. de Wit E, Prescott J, Baseler L, et al. The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) does not replicate in Syrian hamsters. PLoS One. 2013;8:e69127.
– reference: 7. Agrawal AS, Garron T, Tao X, et al. Generation of a transgenic mouse model of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease. J Virol. 2015;89:3659-70.
– reference: 5. Coleman CM, Matthews KL, Goicochea L, et al. Wild type and innate immune deficient mice are not susceptible to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Gen Virol. 2014;95:408-12.
– reference: 3. Falzarano D, de Wit E, Feldmann F, et al. Infection with MERS-CoV causes lethal pneumonia in the common marmoset. PLoS Pathog. 2014;10:e1004250.
– reference: 13. de Wit E, Rasmussen AL, Falzarano D, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:16598-603.
– reference: 14. Bosch BJ, Raj VS, Haagmans BL. Spiking the MERS-coronavirus receptor. Cell Res. 2013;23:1069-70.
– reference: 8. Nagata N, Iwata N, Hasegawa H, et al. Participation of both host and virus factors in induction of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in F344 rats infected with SARS coronavirus. J Virol. 2007;81:1848-57.
– reference: 10. Fukuma A, Tani H, Taniguchi S, et al. Inability of rat DPP4 to allow MERS-CoV infection revealed by using a VSV pseudotype bearing truncated MERS-CoV spike protein. Arch Virol. 2015;160:2293-300.
– reference: 17. Westdijk J, Brugmans D, Martin J, et al. Characterization and standardization of Sabin based inactivated polio vaccine: proposal for a new antigen unit for inactivated polio vaccines. Vaccine. 2011;29:3390-7.
– reference: 16. Anderson GW Jr, Lee JO, Anderson AO, et al. Efficacy of a Rift Valley fever virus vaccine against an aerosol infection in rats. Vaccine. 1991;9:710-4.
– reference: 15. van Doremalen N, Miazgowicz KL, Milne-Price S, et al. Host species restriction of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus through its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4. J Virol. 2014;88:9220-32.
– reference: 2. Raj VS, Mou H, Smits SL, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC. Nature. 2013;495:251-4.
– reference: 11. Saijo M, Georges-Courbot MC, Marianneau P, et al. Development of recombinant nucleoprotein-based diagnostic systems for Lassa fever. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2007;14:1182-9.
– reference: 6. Zhao J, Li K, Wohlford-Lenane C, et al. Rapid generation of a mouse model for Middle East respiratory syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:4970-5.
– reference: 12. Alghamdi IG, Hussain II, Almalki SS, et al. The pattern of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: a descriptive epidemiological analysis of data from the Saudi Ministry of Health. Int J Gen Med. 2014;7:417-23.
– reference: 9. Iwata-Yoshikawa N, Uda A, Suzuki T, et al. Effects of toll-like receptor stimulation on eosinophilic infiltration in lungs of BALB/c mice immunized with UV-inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus vaccine. J Virol. 2014;88:8597-614.
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  doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004250
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Snippet The present study examined the susceptibility of rats to the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and determined whether this animal is a...
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SubjectTerms Administration, Intranasal
animal model
Animals
Cell Line
Coronaviridae
Disease Resistance
Female
Host Specificity
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Lung - virology
MERS-CoV
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - growth & development
Pregnancy
rat
Rats, Inbred F344
Rats, Inbred Lew
susceptibility
Viral Tropism
Title Non Susceptibility of Neonatal and Adult Rats against the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
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