Isolation and characterization of cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies from COVID-19+ subjects

SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects...

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Published inCell reports (Cambridge) Vol. 36; no. 2; p. 109353
Main Authors Jennewein, Madeleine F., MacCamy, Anna J., Akins, Nicholas R., Feng, Junli, Homad, Leah J., Hurlburt, Nicholas K., Seydoux, Emilie, Wan, Yu-Hsin, Stuart, Andrew B., Edara, Venkata Viswanadh, Floyd, Katharine, Vanderheiden, Abigail, Mascola, John R., Doria-Rose, Nicole, Wang, Lingshu, Yang, Eun Sung, Chu, Helen Y., Torres, Jonathan L., Ozorowski, Gabriel, Ward, Andrew B., Whaley, Rachael E., Cohen, Kristen W., Pancera, Marie, McElrath, M. Juliana, Englund, Janet A., Finzi, Andrés, Suthar, Mehul S., McGuire, Andrew T., Stamatatos, Leonidas
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 13.07.2021
Elsevier
Cell Press
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2211-1247
2211-1247
DOI10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109353

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Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies. [Display omitted] •Fourteen anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing mAbs isolated from four patients•Three anti-RBD and one anti-S2 mAb neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and the B.1.351 variant•Mouse studies show potential protective effect of anti-NTD mAbs Jennewein et al. isolated 14 anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies—one anti-S2, one anti-NTD, and 11 anti-RBD—from four patients. Three anti-RBD and the anti-S2 nAbs cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and B.1.351. The anti-NTD mAbs conferred partial protection in mice. Evolved anti-S2 Abs may provide templates for pan-coronavirus vaccines.
AbstractList SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies. • Fourteen anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing mAbs isolated from four patients • Three anti-RBD and one anti-S2 mAb neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and the B.1.351 variant • Mouse studies show potential protective effect of anti-NTD mAbs Jennewein et al. isolated 14 anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies—one anti-S2, one anti-NTD, and 11 anti-RBD—from four patients. Three anti-RBD and the anti-S2 nAbs cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and B.1.351. The anti-NTD mAbs conferred partial protection in mice. Evolved anti-S2 Abs may provide templates for pan-coronavirus vaccines.
SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies.
SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies.SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies.
SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development of a universal human coronavirus vaccine could prevent future pandemics. We characterize 198 antibodies isolated from four COVID-19+ subjects and identify 14 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. One targets the N-terminal domain (NTD), one recognizes an epitope in S2, and 11 bind the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Three anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-1 by effectively blocking binding of both the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to the ACE2 receptor. Using the K18-hACE transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that the neutralization potency and antibody epitope specificity regulates the in vivo protective potential of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All four cross-neutralizing antibodies neutralize the B.1.351 mutant strain. Thus, our study reveals that epitopes in S2 can serve as blueprints for the design of immunogens capable of eliciting cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies. [Display omitted] •Fourteen anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing mAbs isolated from four patients•Three anti-RBD and one anti-S2 mAb neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and the B.1.351 variant•Mouse studies show potential protective effect of anti-NTD mAbs Jennewein et al. isolated 14 anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies—one anti-S2, one anti-NTD, and 11 anti-RBD—from four patients. Three anti-RBD and the anti-S2 nAbs cross-neutralized SARS-CoV-1 and B.1.351. The anti-NTD mAbs conferred partial protection in mice. Evolved anti-S2 Abs may provide templates for pan-coronavirus vaccines.
ArticleNumber 109353
Author Edara, Venkata Viswanadh
Vanderheiden, Abigail
Yang, Eun Sung
Suthar, Mehul S.
Wan, Yu-Hsin
Whaley, Rachael E.
Stuart, Andrew B.
Pancera, Marie
MacCamy, Anna J.
Ozorowski, Gabriel
McGuire, Andrew T.
Stamatatos, Leonidas
Akins, Nicholas R.
Seydoux, Emilie
Chu, Helen Y.
Wang, Lingshu
Homad, Leah J.
Mascola, John R.
Jennewein, Madeleine F.
Feng, Junli
Englund, Janet A.
Hurlburt, Nicholas K.
Doria-Rose, Nicole
Cohen, Kristen W.
Finzi, Andrés
Torres, Jonathan L.
Ward, Andrew B.
McElrath, M. Juliana
Floyd, Katharine
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Issue 2
Keywords S2 subunit
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-1
B.1.351
RBD
neutralization
CV3-25
NTD
monoclonal antibodies
Language English
License This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Energy, Canada
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
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AC02-06CH11357; P51 OD011132; 3U19AI057266-17S1; OPP1170236/INV-004923; 352417; RCHS0235 950-232424
Fred Hutch COVID-19 Research Fund
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Club Foundation
Fondation du CHUM
Lead contact
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33791692 - bioRxiv. 2021 Mar 24:2021.03.23.436684. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.23.436684
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Snippet SARS-CoV-2 is one of three coronaviruses that have crossed the animal-to-human barrier and caused widespread disease in the past two decades. The development...
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SubjectTerms 60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - chemistry
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 - immunology
Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology
Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
Antibodies, Viral - chemistry
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
B.1.351
Binding Sites
Cell Line
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Cross Reactions
CV3-25
Epitopes - immunology
Female
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Mice
monoclonal antibodies
neutralization
Neutralization Tests
NTD
Protein Binding - immunology
Protein Domains
RBD
S2 subunit
SARS-CoV-1
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
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Title Isolation and characterization of cross-neutralizing coronavirus antibodies from COVID-19+ subjects
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109353
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34237283
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Volume 36
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