From Genetic Footprinting to Antimicrobial Drug Targets: Examples in Cofactor Biosynthetic Pathways

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Published inJournal of Bacteriology Vol. 184; no. 16; pp. 4555 - 4572
Main Authors Gerdes, Svetlana Y, Scholle, Michael D, D'Souza, Mark, Bernal, Axel, Baev, Mark V, Farrell, Michael, Kurnasov, Oleg V, Daugherty, Matthew D, Mseeh, Faika, Polanuyer, Boris M, Campbell, John W, Anantha, Shubha, Shatalin, Konstantin Y, Chowdhury, Shamim A K, Fonstein, Michael Y, Osterman, Andrei L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.08.2002
Subjects
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antibiotics
Bacteriology
Coenzyme A - biosynthesis
DNA Footprinting
DNA Transposable Elements
Drug Design
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Escherichia coli - genetics
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Flavin Mononucleotide - biosynthesis
Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide - biosynthesis
Genes
Genetics
Genome, Bacterial
Meeting Presentations
Mutagenesis, Insertional
NADP - biosynthesis
Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase - metabolism
Pathogens
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - genetics
Substrate Specificity
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JB About JB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0021-9193 Online ISSN: 1098-5530 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to JB .asm.org, visit: JB       
AbstractList Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JB About JB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0021-9193 Online ISSN: 1098-5530 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to JB .asm.org, visit: JB       
Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and comparative genomics provides new opportunities for finding optimal targets among previously unexplored cellular functions, based on an understanding of related biological processes in bacterial pathogens and their hosts. Gerdes et al describe an integrated approach to identification and prioritization of broad-spectrum drug targets.
Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Comparative genomics provides new opportunities for finding optimal targets among previously unexplored cellular functions, based on an understanding of related biological processes in bacterial pathogens and their hosts. We describe an integrated approach to identification and prioritization of broad-spectrum drug targets. Our strategy is based on genetic footprinting in Escherichia coli followed by metabolic context analysis of essential gene orthologs in various species. Genes required for viability of E. coli in rich medium were identified on a whole-genome scale using the genetic footprinting technique. Potential target pathways were deduced from these data and compared with a panel of representative bacterial pathogens by using metabolic reconstructions from genomic data. Conserved and indispensable functions revealed by this analysis potentially represent broad-spectrum antibacterial targets. Further target prioritization involves comparison of the corresponding pathways and individual functions between pathogens and the human host. The most promising targets are validated by direct knockouts in model pathogens. The efficacy of this approach is illustrated using examples from metabolism of adenylate cofactors NAD(P), coenzyme A, and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Several drug targets within these pathways, including three distantly related adenylyltransferases (orthologs of the E. coli genes nadD , coaD , and ribF ), are discussed in detail.
ABSTRACT Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Comparative genomics provides new opportunities for finding optimal targets among previously unexplored cellular functions, based on an understanding of related biological processes in bacterial pathogens and their hosts. We describe an integrated approach to identification and prioritization of broad-spectrum drug targets. Our strategy is based on genetic footprinting in Escherichia coli followed by metabolic context analysis of essential gene orthologs in various species. Genes required for viability of E. coli in rich medium were identified on a whole-genome scale using the genetic footprinting technique. Potential target pathways were deduced from these data and compared with a panel of representative bacterial pathogens by using metabolic reconstructions from genomic data. Conserved and indispensable functions revealed by this analysis potentially represent broad-spectrum antibacterial targets. Further target prioritization involves comparison of the corresponding pathways and individual functions between pathogens and the human host. The most promising targets are validated by direct knockouts in model pathogens. The efficacy of this approach is illustrated using examples from metabolism of adenylate cofactors NAD(P), coenzyme A, and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Several drug targets within these pathways, including three distantly related adenylyltransferases (orthologs of the E. coli genes nadD , coaD , and ribF ), are discussed in detail.
Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Comparative genomics provides new opportunities for finding optimal targets among previously unexplored cellular functions, based on an understanding of related biological processes in bacterial pathogens and their hosts. We describe an integrated approach to identification and prioritization of broad-spectrum drug targets. Our strategy is based on genetic footprinting in Escherichia coli followed by metabolic context analysis of essential gene orthologs in various species. Genes required for viability of E. coli in rich medium were identified on a whole-genome scale using the genetic footprinting technique. Potential target pathways were deduced from these data and compared with a panel of representative bacterial pathogens by using metabolic reconstructions from genomic data. Conserved and indispensable functions revealed by this analysis potentially represent broad-spectrum antibacterial targets. Further target prioritization involves comparison of the corresponding pathways and individual functions between pathogens and the human host. The most promising targets are validated by direct knockouts in model pathogens. The efficacy of this approach is illustrated using examples from metabolism of adenylate cofactors NAD(P), coenzyme A, and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Several drug targets within these pathways, including three distantly related adenylyltransferases (orthologs of the E. coli genes nadD, coaD, and ribF), are discussed in detail.
Author Mark V. Baev
Boris M. Polanuyer
Michael D. Scholle
Svetlana Y. Gerdes
Konstantin Y. Shatalin
Axel Bernal
Andrei L. Osterman
Oleg V. Kurnasov
Mark D'Souza
Faika Mseeh
Shubha Anantha
Shamim A. K. Chowdhury
Michael Farrell
Matthew D. Daugherty
Michael Y. Fonstein
John W. Campbell
AuthorAffiliation Integrated Genomics Inc., Chicago, Illinois 60612
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Integrated Genomics Inc., Chicago, Illinois 60612
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142426$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CODEN JOBAAY
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Corresponding author. Mailing address: Integrated Genomics, Inc., 2201 W. Campbell Park Dr., Chicago, IL 60612. Phone: (312) 491-0846, ext. 213. Fax: (312) 491-0856. E-mail: andrei@integratedgenomics.com.
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Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Comparative genomics provides new opportunities for...
ABSTRACT Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Comparative genomics provides new...
Novel drug targets are required in order to design new defenses against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and comparative genomics provides new opportunities for...
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StartPage 4555
SubjectTerms Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antibiotics
Bacteriology
Coenzyme A - biosynthesis
DNA Footprinting
DNA Transposable Elements
Drug Design
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Escherichia coli - drug effects
Escherichia coli - genetics
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Flavin Mononucleotide - biosynthesis
Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide - biosynthesis
Genes
Genetics
Genome, Bacterial
Meeting Presentations
Mutagenesis, Insertional
NADP - biosynthesis
Nicotinamide-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase - metabolism
Pathogens
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - genetics
Substrate Specificity
Title From Genetic Footprinting to Antimicrobial Drug Targets: Examples in Cofactor Biosynthetic Pathways
URI http://jb.asm.org/content/184/16/4555.abstract
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142426
https://www.proquest.com/docview/227068204/abstract/
https://search.proquest.com/docview/18454095
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC135229
Volume 184
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