Muscle Weakness and Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis. Setting: English‐language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985–2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliogr...
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| Published in | Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) Vol. 52; no. 7; pp. 1121 - 1129 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science Inc
01.07.2004
Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults.
Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis.
Setting: English‐language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985–2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers.
Participants: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community‐dwelling subjects were included.
Measurements: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow‐up for occurrence of falls.
Methods: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow‐up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement.
Results: Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31–2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86–5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01–2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25–1.59) for recurrent falls.
Conclusion: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle‐strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. |
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| AbstractList | Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random-effects meta-analysis. Setting: English-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985-2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Participants: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included. Measurements: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls. Methods: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Results: Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31-2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86-5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01-2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25-1.59) for recurrent falls. Conclusion: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis. Setting: English‐language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985–2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Participants: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community‐dwelling subjects were included. Measurements: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow‐up for occurrence of falls. Methods: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow‐up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Results: Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31–2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86–5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01–2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25–1.59) for recurrent falls. Conclusion: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle‐strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Random-effects meta-analysis. English-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985-2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included. Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls. Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31-2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86-5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01-2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25-1.59) for recurrent falls. Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis. Setting: English‐language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985–2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Participants: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community‐dwelling subjects were included. Measurements: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow‐up for occurrence of falls. Methods: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow‐up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Results: Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31–2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86–5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01–2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25–1.59) for recurrent falls. Conclusion: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle‐strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. DESIGN: Random-effects meta-analysis. SETTING: English-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985-2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included. MEASUREMENTS: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls. METHODS: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. RESULTS: Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.31-2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI = 1.86-5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI = 1.01-2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI = 1.25-1.59) for recurrent falls. CONCLUSION: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. (Original abstract) To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Random-effects meta-analysis. English-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985-2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included. Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls. Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31-2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86-5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01-2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25-1.59) for recurrent falls. Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random-effects meta-analysis. Setting: English-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (19852002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers. Participants: Fifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included., Measurements: Prospective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls. Methods: Sample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement. Results:, Thirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.312.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.865.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.012.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.251.59) for recurrent falls. Conclusion: Muscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. OBJECTIVESTo evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults.DESIGNRandom-effects meta-analysis.SETTINGEnglish-language studies indexed in MEDLINE and CINAHL (1985-2002) under the key words aged and accidental falls and risk factors; bibliographies of retrieved papers.PARTICIPANTSFifty percent or more subjects in a study were aged 65 and older. Studies of institutionalized and community-dwelling subjects were included.MEASUREMENTSProspective cohort studies that included measurement of muscle strength at inception (in isolation or with other factors) with follow-up for occurrence of falls.METHODSSample size, population, setting, measure of muscle strength, and length of follow-up, raw data if no risk estimate, odds ratios (ORs), rate ratios, or incidence density ratios. Each study was assessed using the validity criteria: adjustment for confounders, objective definition of fall outcome, reliable method of measuring muscle strength, and blinded outcome measurement.RESULTSThirty studies met the selection criteria; data were available from 13. For lower extremity weakness, the combined OR was 1.76 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31-2.37) for any fall and 3.06 (95% CI=1.86-5.04) for recurrent falls. For upper extremity weakness the combined OR was 1.53 (95% CI=1.01-2.32) for any fall and 1.41 (95% CI=1.25-1.59) for recurrent falls.CONCLUSIONMuscle strength (especially lower extremity) should be one of the factors that is assessed and treated in older adults at risk for falls. More clinical trials are needed to isolate whether muscle-strengthening exercises are effective in preventing falls. |
| Author | Clase, Catherine M. Goldsmith, Charlie H. Richardson, Julie A. Moreland, Julie D. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Julie D. surname: Moreland fullname: Moreland, Julie D. organization: From theSt. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada†School of Rehabilitation Science, ‡Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and §Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Julie A. surname: Richardson fullname: Richardson, Julie A. organization: From theSt. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada†School of Rehabilitation Science, ‡Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and §Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Charlie H. surname: Goldsmith fullname: Goldsmith, Charlie H. organization: From theSt. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada†School of Rehabilitation Science, ‡Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and §Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: Catherine M. surname: Clase fullname: Clase, Catherine M. organization: From theSt. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada†School of Rehabilitation Science, ‡Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and §Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario, Canada |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15956132$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15209650$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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(e_1_2_6_2_2) 1995; 20 e_1_2_6_9_2 e_1_2_6_3_2 e_1_2_6_24_2 e_1_2_6_47_2 e_1_2_6_49_2 e_1_2_6_28_2 e_1_2_6_43_2 Guideline for the prevention of falls in older persons. (e_1_2_6_66_2) 2001; 49 e_1_2_6_26_2 e_1_2_6_45_2 e_1_2_6_50_2 Aniansson A (e_1_2_6_57_2) 1983; 9 e_1_2_6_52_2 Gillespie LD (e_1_2_6_58_2) 2001 Lusardi MM (e_1_2_6_22_2) 1991 e_1_2_6_18_2 Koski K (e_1_2_6_30_2) 1996; 25 Hausdorff JM (e_1_2_6_31_2) 2001; 82 e_1_2_6_12_2 e_1_2_6_35_2 e_1_2_6_10_2 e_1_2_6_33_2 Graafmans WC (e_1_2_6_51_2) 1996; 143 Thornby MA. (e_1_2_6_16_2) 1995; 11 e_1_2_6_54_2 Latham NK (e_1_2_6_64_2) 2003; 51 e_1_2_6_14_2 e_1_2_6_42_2 Nevitt MC (e_1_2_6_37_2) 1991; 46 Sorock GS (e_1_2_6_39_2) 1992; 136 Tinetti ME (e_1_2_6_40_2) 1993; 269 Tinetti ME (e_1_2_6_48_2) 1995; 273 e_1_2_6_8_2 e_1_2_6_29_2 e_1_2_6_4_2 e_1_2_6_6_2 e_1_2_6_23_2 e_1_2_6_21_2 e_1_2_6_65_2 e_1_2_6_27_2 e_1_2_6_44_2 e_1_2_6_25_2 e_1_2_6_46_2 |
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| Snippet | Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults.
Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis.... Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random‐effects meta‐analysis.... To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Random-effects meta-analysis. English-language studies... Objectives: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Design: Random-effects meta-analysis.... To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. Random-effects meta-analysis. English-language studies... OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults. DESIGN: Random-effects meta-analysis.... OBJECTIVESTo evaluate and summarize the evidence of muscle weakness as a risk factor for falls in older adults.DESIGNRandom-effects... |
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| SubjectTerms | Accidental Falls Aged Biological and medical sciences Clinical trials Comparative analysis Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment Elderly people Falls Humans Medical sciences Meta-analysis muscle weakness Muscle Weakness - physiopathology Muscles Muscular system older adults Older people Pharmacology. Drug treatments Risk Factors Strength Systematic reviews Toxicity: nervous system and muscle |
| Title | Muscle Weakness and Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
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