Alexithymia in eating disorders: Systematic review and meta-analyses of studies using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale

The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses...

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Published inJournal of psychosomatic research Vol. 99; pp. 66 - 81
Main Authors Westwood, Heather, Kerr-Gaffney, Jess, Stahl, Daniel, Tchanturia, Kate
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Inc 01.08.2017
Elsevier Science Ltd
Pergamon Press
Subjects
Adult
Affective Symptoms - psychology
Alexithymia
Anorexia
Binge eating
Bulimia
Bulimia nervosa
Canada
Eating disorder
Eating disorders
Emotion recognition
Emotions
Feeding and Eating Disorders - psychology
Female
Healthy food
Humans
Labeling
Labelling
Male
Meta-analysis
Psychiatry
Self report
Systematic review
Emotion recognition
Systematic review
Eating disorder
Alexithymia
Meta-analysis
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Abstract The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs. Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions. Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted. •Individuals across the spectrum of eating disorders have difficulties identifying and describing emotion•Studies examining alexithymia in individuals with Binge Eating Disorder and those recovered from eating disorders are lacking•Research on alexithymia would benefit from the development of clinically-based assessment tools
AbstractList The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs. Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions. Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted.
The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs. Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions. Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted. •Individuals across the spectrum of eating disorders have difficulties identifying and describing emotion•Studies examining alexithymia in individuals with Binge Eating Disorder and those recovered from eating disorders are lacking•Research on alexithymia would benefit from the development of clinically-based assessment tools
• Individuals across the spectrum of eating disorders have difficulties identifying and describing emotion • Studies examining alexithymia in individuals with Binge Eating Disorder and those recovered from eating disorders are lacking • Research on alexithymia would benefit from the development of clinically-based assessment tools
Abstract Objective The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Method Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs. Results Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions. Conclusion Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted.
Objective The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups. Method Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs. Results Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions. Conclusion Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted.
The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups.OBJECTIVEThe aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls (HCs) and to compare TAS scores in these groups.Electronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs.METHODElectronic databases were searched systematically for studies using the TAS and meta-analyses were performed to statistically compare scores on the TAS between individuals with eating disorders and HCs.Forty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions.RESULTSForty-eight studies using the TAS with both a clinical eating disorder group and HCs were identified. Of these, 44 were included in the meta-analyses, separated into: Anorexia Nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa, Restricting subtype; Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Purge subtype, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. For all groups, there were significant differences with medium or large effect sizes between the clinical group and HCs, with the clinical group scoring significantly higher on the TAS, indicating greater difficulty with identifying and labelling emotions.Across the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted.CONCLUSIONAcross the spectrum of eating disorders, individuals report having difficulties recognising or describing their emotions. Given the self-report design of the TAS, research to develop and evaluate treatments and clinician-administered assessments of alexithymia is warranted.
Author Kerr-Gaffney, Jess
Stahl, Daniel
Westwood, Heather
Tchanturia, Kate
AuthorAffiliation a King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychological Medicine, London, UK
b King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Biostatistics, London, UK
c South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, National Eating Disorders Service, Psychological Medicine Clinical Academic Group, UK
d Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: a King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychological Medicine, London, UK
– name: d Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
– name: b King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Biostatistics, London, UK
– name: c South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, National Eating Disorders Service, Psychological Medicine Clinical Academic Group, UK
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Heather
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1014-9920
  surname: Westwood
  fullname: Westwood, Heather
  email: Heather.l.westwood@kcl.ac.uk
  organization: King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychological Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jess
  surname: Kerr-Gaffney
  fullname: Kerr-Gaffney, Jess
  email: jess.kerr-gaffney@kcl.ac.uk
  organization: King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychological Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Daniel
  surname: Stahl
  fullname: Stahl, Daniel
  email: Daniel.r.stahl@kcl.ac.uk
  organization: King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Biostatistics, London, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Kate
  surname: Tchanturia
  fullname: Tchanturia, Kate
  email: kate.tchanturia@kcl.ac.uk
  organization: King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychological Medicine, London, UK
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28712432$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Emotion recognition
Systematic review
Eating disorder
Alexithymia
Meta-analysis
Language English
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Snippet The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy Controls...
Abstract Objective The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and...
Objective The aim of this review was to synthesise the literature on the use of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) in eating disorder populations and Healthy...
• Individuals across the spectrum of eating disorders have difficulties identifying and describing emotion • Studies examining alexithymia in individuals with...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Affective Symptoms - psychology
Alexithymia
Anorexia
Binge eating
Bulimia
Bulimia nervosa
Canada
Eating disorder
Eating disorders
Emotion recognition
Emotions
Feeding and Eating Disorders - psychology
Female
Healthy food
Humans
Labeling
Labelling
Male
Meta-analysis
Psychiatry
Self report
Systematic review
Title Alexithymia in eating disorders: Systematic review and meta-analyses of studies using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0022399917302295
https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0022399917302295
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.06.007
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28712432
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1937686449
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1920199220
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC5986724
Volume 99
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