Micro-RNA-Regulated SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) Gene Expression and Cytokinin Accumulation Distinguish Early-Developing Male and Female Inflorescences in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis)

Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits...

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Published inPlants (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 5; p. 685
Main Authors Tregear, James W., Richaud, Frédérique, Collin, Myriam, Esbelin, Jennifer, Parrinello, Hugues, Cochard, Benoît, Nodichao, Leifi, Morcillo, Fabienne, Adam, Hélène, Jouannic, Stefan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 02.03.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Accumulation
Animal reproduction
Auxins
Binding sites
branching
crops
Cytokinins
Differentiation
Elaeis guineensis
Females
Flowers
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Genes
Genomes
inflorescence
Life Sciences
Males
microRNA
miRNA
Modules
monoecy
oil palm
panicles
Proteins
Reproduction (biology)
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
sequence analysis
Sex differentiation
Sexes
sexual development
sexual differentiation
SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN
Vegetal Biology
SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN
miRNA
oil palm
branching
sexual differentiation
inflorescence
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Abstract Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
AbstractList Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm ( ). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the ( ) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of the process of sexual differentiation in the immature inflorescence of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ). This species is monoecious and exhibits gender diphasy, producing male and female inflorescences separately on the same plant in alternation. Three main approaches were used: small RNA-seq to characterise and study the expression of miRNA genes; RNA-seq to monitor mRNA accumulation patterns; hormone quantification to assess the role of cytokinins and auxins in inflorescence differentiation. Our study allowed the characterisation of 30 previously unreported palm MIRNA genes. In differential gene and miRNA expression studies, we identified a number of key developmental genes and miRNA-mRNA target modules previously described in relation to their developmental regulatory role in the cereal panicle, notably the miR156/529/535-SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE ( SPL ) gene regulatory module. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of hormone-related genes, and this observation was corroborated by the detection of much higher levels of cytokinins in the female inflorescence. Our data illustrate the importance of branching regulation within the developmental window studied, during which the female inflorescence, unlike its male counterpart, produces flower clusters on new successive axes by sympodial growth.
Author Morcillo, Fabienne
Adam, Hélène
Tregear, James W.
Jouannic, Stefan
Cochard, Benoît
Nodichao, Leifi
Parrinello, Hugues
Richaud, Frédérique
Collin, Myriam
Esbelin, Jennifer
AuthorAffiliation 3 AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France
6 INRAB, Station INRAB CRA-PP, Pobè BP 01, Benin; anleifi@yahoo.com
7 CIRAD, UMR DIADE, 34394 Montpellier, France
2 CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34398 Montpellier, France; frederique.richaud@cirad.fr
5 PalmElit SAS, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France; benoit.cochard@palmelit.com
1 DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; myriam.collin@ird.fr (M.C.); j.esbelin@gmail.com (J.E.); fabienne.morcillo@ird.fr (F.M.); helene.adam@ird.fr (H.A.); stephane.jouannic@ird.fr (S.J.)
4 MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; hugues.parrinello@mgx.cnrs.fr
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 3 AGAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France
– name: 5 PalmElit SAS, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France; benoit.cochard@palmelit.com
– name: 6 INRAB, Station INRAB CRA-PP, Pobè BP 01, Benin; anleifi@yahoo.com
– name: 2 CIRAD, UMR AGAP, 34398 Montpellier, France; frederique.richaud@cirad.fr
– name: 1 DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, 34394 Montpellier, France; myriam.collin@ird.fr (M.C.); j.esbelin@gmail.com (J.E.); fabienne.morcillo@ird.fr (F.M.); helene.adam@ird.fr (H.A.); stephane.jouannic@ird.fr (S.J.)
– name: 7 CIRAD, UMR DIADE, 34394 Montpellier, France
– name: 4 MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France; hugues.parrinello@mgx.cnrs.fr
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270155$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 5
Keywords SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN
miRNA
oil palm
branching
sexual differentiation
inflorescence
Language English
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Snippet Sexual differentiation of inflorescences and flowers is important for reproduction and affects crop plant productivity. We report here on a molecular study of...
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SubjectTerms Accumulation
Animal reproduction
Auxins
Binding sites
branching
crops
Cytokinins
Differentiation
Elaeis guineensis
Females
Flowers
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Genes
Genomes
inflorescence
Life Sciences
Males
microRNA
miRNA
Modules
monoecy
oil palm
panicles
Proteins
Reproduction (biology)
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
sequence analysis
Sex differentiation
Sexes
sexual development
sexual differentiation
SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN
Vegetal Biology
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Title Micro-RNA-Regulated SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) Gene Expression and Cytokinin Accumulation Distinguish Early-Developing Male and Female Inflorescences in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis)
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270155
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Volume 11
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