Sarcopenic obesity: A Critical appraisal of the current evidence
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more...
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Published in | Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 31; no. 5; pp. 583 - 601 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.10.2012
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0261-5614 1532-1983 1532-1983 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.010 |
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Abstract | Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group.
This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes.
We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability. |
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AbstractList | Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability. Summary Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability. |
Author | Wells, J.C.K. Siervo, M. Smith, S.R. Prado, C.M.M. Stephan, B.C.M. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C.M.M. surname: Prado fullname: Prado, C.M.M. organization: Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, The Florida State University, 436 Sandels Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1493, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J.C.K. surname: Wells fullname: Wells, J.C.K. organization: Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: S.R. surname: Smith fullname: Smith, S.R. organization: Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital and Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: B.C.M. surname: Stephan fullname: Stephan, B.C.M. organization: Institute for Health and Society, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: M. surname: Siervo fullname: Siervo, M. email: mario.siervo@ncl.ac.uk organization: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle NE4 5PL, UK |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26494225$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22809635$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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inflammation and increased mortality publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/86.3.633 |
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Snippet | Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and... Summary Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia)... |
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SubjectTerms | Adiposity Ageing Biological and medical sciences Body Composition Cardio-metabolic risk Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - complications Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology chemistry complications diagnosis epidemiology fat free mass Feeding. Feeding behavior Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gastroenterology and Hepatology Humans lean body mass Medical sciences Metabolic diseases Muscle mass Muscle, Skeletal Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry muscles Obesity Obesity - complications Obesity - epidemiology Obesity - physiopathology physiopathology Prevalence risk Risk Factors sarcopenia Sarcopenia - complications Sarcopenia - diagnosis Sarcopenia - epidemiology Sarcopenia - physiopathology Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
Title | Sarcopenic obesity: A Critical appraisal of the current evidence |
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