Sarcopenic obesity: A Critical appraisal of the current evidence

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more...

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Published inClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 31; no. 5; pp. 583 - 601
Main Authors Prado, C.M.M., Wells, J.C.K., Smith, S.R., Stephan, B.C.M., Siervo, M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2012
Elsevier
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0261-5614
1532-1983
1532-1983
DOI10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.010

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Abstract Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.
AbstractList Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.
Summary Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). The increase in obesity prevalence rates in older subjects is of concern given the associated disease risks and more limited therapeutic options available in this age group. This review has two main objectives. The primary objective is to collate results from studies investigating the effects of SO on physical and cardio-metabolic functions. The secondary objective is to evaluate published studies for consistency in methodology, diagnostic criteria, exposure and outcome selection. Large between-study heterogeneity was observed in the application of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components for the assessment of SO, which contributes to the inconsistent associations of SO with cardio-metabolic outcomes. We propose a metabolic load:capacity model of SO given by the ratio between fat mass and fat free mass, and discuss how this could be operationalised. The concept of regional fat distribution could be incorporated into the model and tested in future studies to advance our understanding of SO as a predictor of risk for cardio-metabolic diseases and physical disability.
Author Wells, J.C.K.
Siervo, M.
Smith, S.R.
Prado, C.M.M.
Stephan, B.C.M.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: C.M.M.
  surname: Prado
  fullname: Prado, C.M.M.
  organization: Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, College of Human Sciences, The Florida State University, 436 Sandels Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1493, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: J.C.K.
  surname: Wells
  fullname: Wells, J.C.K.
  organization: Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: S.R.
  surname: Smith
  fullname: Smith, S.R.
  organization: Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital and Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: B.C.M.
  surname: Stephan
  fullname: Stephan, B.C.M.
  organization: Institute for Health and Society, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: M.
  surname: Siervo
  fullname: Siervo, M.
  email: mario.siervo@ncl.ac.uk
  organization: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle NE4 5PL, UK
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26494225$$DView record in Pascal Francis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22809635$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Cardio-metabolic risk
Adiposity
Ageing
Body composition
Muscle mass
Obesity
Metabolic diseases
Nutritional status
Nutrition disorder
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Snippet Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and...
Summary Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role as a risk factor because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia)...
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SubjectTerms Adiposity
Ageing
Biological and medical sciences
Body Composition
Cardio-metabolic risk
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - complications
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
chemistry
complications
diagnosis
epidemiology
fat free mass
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Humans
lean body mass
Medical sciences
Metabolic diseases
Muscle mass
Muscle, Skeletal
Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry
muscles
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - physiopathology
physiopathology
Prevalence
risk
Risk Factors
sarcopenia
Sarcopenia - complications
Sarcopenia - diagnosis
Sarcopenia - epidemiology
Sarcopenia - physiopathology
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Title Sarcopenic obesity: A Critical appraisal of the current evidence
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.010
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22809635
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1081435041
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1663625202
Volume 31
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