The history, biological relevance, and potential applications for polyp bailout in corals

Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute...

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Published inEcology and evolution Vol. 11; no. 13; pp. 8424 - 8440
Main Authors Schweinsberg, Maximilian, Gösser, Fabian, Tollrian, Ralph
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Wiley
Subjects
Asexuality
Bailouts
Calcification
Colonies
Connective tissue
Corals
Dispersal
Dispersion
Genet–Ramet system
Invertebrates
model system
Modularity
Morphology
Organisms
Physiology
polyp bailout
Polyps
Polyps (organisms)
Review
Reviews
scleractinian corals
Stress response
Japan
Pacific Ocean
model system
stress response
polyp bailout
scleractinian corals
Genet–Ramet system
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future. The present review addresses the stress response polyp bailout, including the current state of research and theoretical aspects of the evolutionary and ecological consequences. Furthermore, the review deals with the possible use of polyp bailout in future research.
AbstractList Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future.
Abstract Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future.
Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future. The present review addresses the stress response polyp bailout, including the current state of research and theoretical aspects of the evolutionary and ecological consequences. Furthermore, the review deals with the possible use of polyp bailout in future research.
Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future.
Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future.Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout has not received widespread scientific attention, despite being described more than 80 years ago. Polyp bailout is a drastic response to acute stress in which coral colonies break down, with individual and patches of polyps detaching from the colony and the calcareous skeleton Polyps retain their symbiotic partners, have dispersal ability, and may undergo secondary settlement and calcification. Polyp bailout has been described worldwide in a variety of anthozoan species, especially in Scleractinia. It can be induced by multiple natural stressors, but also artificially. Little is known about the evolutionary and ecological potential and consequences of breaking down modularity, the dispersal ability, and reattachment of polyps resulting from polyp bailout. It has been shown that polyp bailout can be used as a model system, with promise for implementation in various research topics. To date, there has been no compilation of knowledge on polyp bailout, which prompted us to review this interesting stress response and provide a basis to discuss research topics and priorities for the future.
Author Gösser, Fabian
Tollrian, Ralph
Schweinsberg, Maximilian
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity University of Bochum Bochum Germany
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity University of Bochum Bochum Germany
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Maximilian
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3085-2688
  surname: Schweinsberg
  fullname: Schweinsberg, Maximilian
  email: Maximilian.Schweinsberg@rub.de
  organization: University of Bochum
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  givenname: Fabian
  surname: Gösser
  fullname: Gösser, Fabian
  organization: University of Bochum
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Ralph
  surname: Tollrian
  fullname: Tollrian, Ralph
  organization: University of Bochum
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34257908$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords model system
stress response
polyp bailout
scleractinian corals
Genet–Ramet system
Language English
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2002; 141
2006; 25
1997; 387
2019; 25
2020; 336
1983; 20
2014; 16
2005; 108
2019; 27
2008; 23
2005; 76
1999; 50
2001; 55
2012; 430–431
1995; 121
2010; 5
1996; 134
2003; 43
1989
1986; 90
2019; 9
2012; 223
2002; 5
1991; 72
1971; 25
2020; 39
1997
2019; 38
1983; 76
2000; 196
2016; 91
2002; 80
2011; 3
2011; 6
2004; 309
2007; 16
2016; 11
2004; 277
1942; 5
2016; 7
2018; 195
1999; 39
2015; 112
2019; 49
1985; 73
2000; 80
2020; 22
2004; 2003
2007; 318
2017; 543
2010; 52
2014; 33
2016; 9
2017; 5
1997; 355
2017; 6
2015; 34
2009; 40
2012; 2012
1973; 53
2011; 436
2002; 230
2002; 231
2006; 76
1990; 17
2018; 123
1982; 10
2014; 69
2008; 8
2011; 13
1999; 400
2008; 6
2001; 88
2005; 27
2012; 56
1992; 11
2017; 115
2006; 133
2014; 1
1979; 113
2002; 48
2002; 41
2000
2000; 205
1999; 14
1982; 7
1997; 16
2007; 20
2014; 9
2014; 7
2021; 40
2007; 26
2001; 98
2018; 79
1984; 83
1991; 3
2021; 8
2011; 214
2015; 17
1984; 81
1986; 313
2015; 3
2004; 82
2012
1987; 93
2011
1985; 4
2017; 27
1995; 14
2017; 23
2016; 366
2008
2011; 30
2007
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1991; 138
1992; 73
2012; 93
1980; 209
2004; 92
1994; 120
2017; 12
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Snippet Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp bailout...
Abstract Corals have evolved a variety of stress responses to changing conditions, many of which have been the subject of scientific research. However, polyp...
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SubjectTerms Asexuality
Bailouts
Calcification
Colonies
Connective tissue
Corals
Dispersal
Dispersion
Genet–Ramet system
Invertebrates
model system
Modularity
Morphology
Organisms
Physiology
polyp bailout
Polyps
Polyps (organisms)
Review
Reviews
scleractinian corals
Stress response
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Title The history, biological relevance, and potential applications for polyp bailout in corals
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fece3.7740
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Volume 11
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