An Outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus in Tigers (Panthera tigris): Possible Transmission from Wild Animals to Zoo Animals

Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range, including wild animals. Since December 2009, several dead or dying wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were found in and around one sa...

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Published inJournal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 74; no. 6; pp. 699 - 705
Main Authors NAGAO, Yumiko, NISHIO, Yohei, SHIOMODA, Hiroshi, TAMARU, Seiji, SHIMOJIMA, Masayuki, GOTO, Megumi, UNE, Yumi, SATO, Azusa, IKEBE, Yusuke, MAEDA, Ken
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2012
Subjects
Animals
Animals, Zoo - virology
Base Sequence
canine distemper
Canine distemper virus
Cluster Analysis
Disease Outbreaks - veterinary
Distemper - epidemiology
Distemper - pathology
Distemper - transmission
Distemper Virus, Canine - genetics
DNA Primers - genetics
Feces - virology
Female
Hemagglutinins - genetics
Japan - epidemiology
Lung - pathology
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Morbillivirus
Neutralization Tests - veterinary
Nyctereutes procyonoides
Panthera leo
Panthera tigris
Phylogeny
raccoon dog
Raccoon Dogs - virology
Sequence Analysis, DNA - veterinary
tiger
Tigers - virology
Ursus thibetanus
Japan
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Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range, including wild animals. Since December 2009, several dead or dying wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were found in and around one safari-style zoo in Japan, and CDV was isolated from four of these animals. In the subsequent months (January to February 2010), 12 tigers (Panthera tigris) in the zoo developed respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, and CDV RNA was detected in fecal samples of the examined tigers. In March 2010, one of the tigers developed a neurological disorder and died; CDV was isolated from the lung of this animal. Sequence analysis of the complete hemagglutinin (H) gene and the signal peptide region of the fusion (F) gene showed high homology among these isolates (99.8-100%), indicating that CDV might have been transmitted from raccoon dog to tiger. In addition, these isolates belonged to genotype Asia-1 and had lower homology (<90%) to the vaccine strain (Onderstepoort). Seropositivity of lions (Panthera leo) in the zoo and wild bears (Ursus thibetanus) captured around this area supported the theory that a CDV epidemic had occurred in many mammal species in and around the zoo. These results indicate a risk of CDV transmission among many animal species, including large felids and endangered species.
AbstractList Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range, including wild animals. Since December 2009, several dead or dying wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were found in and around one safari-style zoo in Japan, and CDV was isolated from four of these animals. In the subsequent months (January to February 2010), 12 tigers (Panthera tigris) in the zoo developed respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, and CDV RNA was detected in fecal samples of the examined tigers. In March 2010, one of the tigers developed a neurological disorder and died; CDV was isolated from the lung of this animal. Sequence analysis of the complete hemagglutinin (H) gene and the signal peptide region of the fusion (F) gene showed high homology among these isolates (99.8-100%), indicating that CDV might have been transmitted from raccoon dog to tiger. In addition, these isolates belonged to genotype Asia-1 and had lower homology (<90%) to the vaccine strain (Onderstepoort). Seropositivity of lions (Panthera leo) in the zoo and wild bears (Ursus thibetanus) captured around this area supported the theory that a CDV epidemic had occurred in many mammal species in and around the zoo. These results indicate a risk of CDV transmission among many animal species, including large felids and endangered species.
Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range, including wild animals. Since December 2009, several dead or dying wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were found in and around one safari-style zoo in Japan, and CDV was isolated from four of these animals. In the subsequent months (January to February 2010), 12 tigers (Panthera tigris) in the zoo developed respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, and CDV RNA was detected in fecal samples of the examined tigers. In March 2010, one of the tigers developed a neurological disorder and died; CDV was isolated from the lung of this animal. Sequence analysis of the complete hemagglutinin (H) gene and the signal peptide region of the fusion (F) gene showed high homology among these isolates (99.8-100%), indicating that CDV might have been transmitted from raccoon dog to tiger. In addition, these isolates belonged to genotype Asia-1 and had lower homology (<90%) to the vaccine strain (Onderstepoort). Seropositivity of lions (Panthera leo) in the zoo and wild bears (Ursus thibetanus) captured around this area supported the theory that a CDV epidemic had occurred in many mammal species in and around the zoo. These results indicate a risk of CDV transmission among many animal species, including large felids and endangered species.Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range, including wild animals. Since December 2009, several dead or dying wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) were found in and around one safari-style zoo in Japan, and CDV was isolated from four of these animals. In the subsequent months (January to February 2010), 12 tigers (Panthera tigris) in the zoo developed respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, and CDV RNA was detected in fecal samples of the examined tigers. In March 2010, one of the tigers developed a neurological disorder and died; CDV was isolated from the lung of this animal. Sequence analysis of the complete hemagglutinin (H) gene and the signal peptide region of the fusion (F) gene showed high homology among these isolates (99.8-100%), indicating that CDV might have been transmitted from raccoon dog to tiger. In addition, these isolates belonged to genotype Asia-1 and had lower homology (<90%) to the vaccine strain (Onderstepoort). Seropositivity of lions (Panthera leo) in the zoo and wild bears (Ursus thibetanus) captured around this area supported the theory that a CDV epidemic had occurred in many mammal species in and around the zoo. These results indicate a risk of CDV transmission among many animal species, including large felids and endangered species.
Author NAGAO, Yumiko
SHIOMODA, Hiroshi
MAEDA, Ken
NISHIO, Yohei
GOTO, Megumi
TAMARU, Seiji
SATO, Azusa
SHIMOJIMA, Masayuki
UNE, Yumi
IKEBE, Yusuke
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  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: NISHIO, Yohei
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: SHIOMODA, Hiroshi
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: TAMARU, Seiji
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: SHIMOJIMA, Masayuki
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: GOTO, Megumi
  organization: Laboratory of System Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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  fullname: UNE, Yumi
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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  fullname: SATO, Azusa
  organization: Akiyoshidai Safari Land, 1212 Aka, Mito, Mine, Yamaguchi 754-0302, Japan
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  organization: Akiyoshidai Safari Land, 1212 Aka, Mito, Mine, Yamaguchi 754-0302, Japan
– sequence: 10
  fullname: MAEDA, Ken
  organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
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Snippet Canine distemper virus (CDV), a morbillivirus that causes one of the most contagious and lethal viral diseases known in canids, has an expanding host range,...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Animals, Zoo - virology
Base Sequence
canine distemper
Canine distemper virus
Cluster Analysis
Disease Outbreaks - veterinary
Distemper - epidemiology
Distemper - pathology
Distemper - transmission
Distemper Virus, Canine - genetics
DNA Primers - genetics
Feces - virology
Female
Hemagglutinins - genetics
Japan - epidemiology
Lung - pathology
Male
Molecular Sequence Data
Morbillivirus
Neutralization Tests - veterinary
Nyctereutes procyonoides
Panthera leo
Panthera tigris
Phylogeny
raccoon dog
Raccoon Dogs - virology
Sequence Analysis, DNA - veterinary
tiger
Tigers - virology
Ursus thibetanus
Title An Outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus in Tigers (Panthera tigris): Possible Transmission from Wild Animals to Zoo Animals
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22214864
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