Modulation of microbially derived short-chain fatty acids on intestinal homeostasis, metabolism, and neuropsychiatric disorder

A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic “organ” that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from the dietary components but also produces a class of metabolites. Many metabolites of gut microbes have an important impact on host health. F...

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Published inApplied microbiology and biotechnology Vol. 104; no. 2; pp. 589 - 601
Main Authors Xiao, Suwei, Jiang, Shu, Qian, Dawei, Duan, Jinao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.01.2020
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic “organ” that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from the dietary components but also produces a class of metabolites. Many metabolites of gut microbes have an important impact on host health. For example, an inventory of metabolic intermediates derived from bacterial protein fermentation may affect host physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, gut microbiota can convert cholesterol to bile acids and further into secondary bile acids which can conversely modulate microbial community. Moreover, new research identifies that microbes synthesize vitamins for us in the colon. Here, we will review data implicating a major class of bacterial metabolites through breaking down dietary fiber we cannot process, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as crucial executors of alteration of immune mechanisms, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and neuroprotective effects to combat disease and improve health.
AbstractList A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic "organ" that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from the dietary components but also produces a class of metabolites. Many metabolites of gut microbes have an important impact on host health. For example, an inventory of metabolic intermediates derived from bacterial protein fermentation may affect host physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, gut microbiota can convert cholesterol to bile acids and further into secondary bile acids which can conversely modulate microbial community. Moreover, new research identifies that microbes synthesize vitamins for us in the colon. Here, we will review data implicating a major class of bacterial metabolites through breaking down dietary fiber we cannot process, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as crucial executors of alteration of immune mechanisms, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and neuroprotective effects to combat disease and improve health.
A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic "organ" that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from the dietary components but also produces a class of metabolites. Many metabolites of gut microbes have an important impact on host health. For example, an inventory of metabolic intermediates derived from bacterial protein fermentation may affect host physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, gut microbiota can convert cholesterol to bile acids and further into secondary bile acids which can conversely modulate microbial community. Moreover, new research identifies that microbes synthesize vitamins for us in the colon. Here, we will review data implicating a major class of bacterial metabolites through breaking down dietary fiber we cannot process, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as crucial executors of alteration of immune mechanisms, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and neuroprotective effects to combat disease and improve health.A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic "organ" that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from the dietary components but also produces a class of metabolites. Many metabolites of gut microbes have an important impact on host health. For example, an inventory of metabolic intermediates derived from bacterial protein fermentation may affect host physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, gut microbiota can convert cholesterol to bile acids and further into secondary bile acids which can conversely modulate microbial community. Moreover, new research identifies that microbes synthesize vitamins for us in the colon. Here, we will review data implicating a major class of bacterial metabolites through breaking down dietary fiber we cannot process, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as crucial executors of alteration of immune mechanisms, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and neuroprotective effects to combat disease and improve health.
Audience Academic
Author Qian, Dawei
Jiang, Shu
Duan, Jinao
Xiao, Suwei
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Suwei
  surname: Xiao
  fullname: Xiao, Suwei
  organization: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Shu
  surname: Jiang
  fullname: Jiang, Shu
  email: jiangshu2020@126.com
  organization: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Dawei
  surname: Qian
  fullname: Qian, Dawei
  organization: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Jinao
  surname: Duan
  fullname: Duan, Jinao
  email: dja@njutcm.edu.cn
  organization: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31865438$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
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Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.
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Keywords Host health
Short-chain fatty acids
Microbiota
Dietary carbohydrates
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Snippet A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic “organ” that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from...
A diverse range of symbiotic gut bacteria codevelops with the host and is considered a metabolic "organ" that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients from...
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SubjectTerms Bacteria
bacterial proteins
Bile
Bile acids
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Cholesterol
Colon
Dietary fiber
Digestive system
Fatty acids
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal tract
harvesting
Homeostasis
Intermediates
Intestinal microflora
intestinal microorganisms
Intestine
inventories
Life Sciences
Mental disorders
Metabolism
Metabolites
microbial communities
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Mini-Review
Nervous system diseases
Neuroprotection
neuroprotective effect
Nutrients
pathophysiology
Physiological aspects
short chain fatty acids
Type 2 diabetes
Vitamins
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Title Modulation of microbially derived short-chain fatty acids on intestinal homeostasis, metabolism, and neuropsychiatric disorder
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-019-10312-4
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