Inhibition of HIV-1 Infection by the β-Chemokine MDC

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 278; no. 5338; pp. 695 - 698
• Main Authors: Pal, Ranajit, Garzino-Demo, Alfredo, Markham, Phillip D., Burns, Jennifer, Brown, Michelle, Gallo, Robert C., DeVico, Anthony L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Society for the Advancement of Science 24.10.1997; American Association for the Advancement of Science; The American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Subjects: AIDS/HIV; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino acids; Antiviral Agents - immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Northern; Calcium - blood; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Cell Line; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell lines; Cells, Cultured; Cellular biology; Chemokine CCL22; Chemokines; Chemokines, CC - chemistry; Chemokines, CC - immunology; Chemokines, CC - isolation & purification; Chemokines, CC - metabolism; Cultured cells; Cytokines; Fractions; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HIV; HIV (Viruses); HIV 1; HIV Core Protein p24 - biosynthesis; HIV infection; HIV infections; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV-1 - immunology; HIV-1 - physiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Inactivation; Infections; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - virology; Lymphocyte Activation; Microbiology; Physiological aspects; Prevention; Receptors; Receptors, Chemokine - metabolism; Receptors, HIV - metabolism; Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains; RNA; T cells; T lymphocytes; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Virology; Virus inactivation; Viruses; Human; HIV-1 virus; Retroviridae; Lentivirus; Host virus relation; Cell subpopulation; Virus; Chemokine; Infectivity; T-Lymphocyte; Antiviral; Human immunodeficiency virus; Infected cell; Inhibition
• DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5338.695
• ISSN: 0036-8075

CD8$^+$ T lymphocytes from individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) secrete a soluble activity that suppresses infection by HIV-1. A protein associated with this activity was purified from the culture supernatant of an immortalized CD8$^+$ T cell clone and identified as the β-chemokine macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC). MDC suppressed infection of CD8$^+$ cell-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells by primary non-syncytium-inducing and syncytium-inducing isolates of HIV-1 and the T cell line-adapted isolate HIV-1$_{IIIB}$. MDC was expressed in activated, but not resting, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and binds a receptor on activated primary T cells. These observations indicate that β-chemokines are responsible for a major proportion of HIV-1-specific suppressor activity produced by primary T cells.