Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed “eicosanoids,” which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eico...

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Published in	Journal of nutrition and metabolism Vol. 2012; no. 2012; pp. 1 - 16
Main Authors	Patterson, E., Wall, Rebecca, Fitzgerald, Gerald, Ross, R. Paul, Stanton, Catherine
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Puplishing Corporation 01.01.2012 Hindawi Publishing Corporation Wiley
Subjects	Review
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Abstract	Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed “eicosanoids,” which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA are proinflammatory while eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA are anti-inflammatory. Dietary changes over the past few decades in the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA show striking increases in the (n-6) to (n-3) ratio (~15 : 1), which are associated with greater metabolism of the n-6 PUFA compared with n-3 PUFA. Coinciding with this increase in the ratio of (n-6) : (n-3) PUFA are increases in chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By increasing the ratio of (n-3) : (n-6) PUFA in the Western diet, reductions may be achieved in the incidence of these chronic inflammatory diseases.
AbstractList	Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed “eicosanoids,” which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA are proinflammatory while eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA are anti-inflammatory. Dietary changes over the past few decades in the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA show striking increases in the (n-6) to (n-3) ratio (~15 : 1), which are associated with greater metabolism of the n-6 PUFA compared with n-3 PUFA. Coinciding with this increase in the ratio of (n-6) : (n-3) PUFA are increases in chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By increasing the ratio of (n-3) : (n-6) PUFA in the Western diet, reductions may be achieved in the incidence of these chronic inflammatory diseases. Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed "eicosanoids," which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA are proinflammatory while eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA are anti-inflammatory. Dietary changes over the past few decades in the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA show striking increases in the (n-6) to (n-3) ratio (~15 : 1), which are associated with greater metabolism of the n-6 PUFA compared with n-3 PUFA. Coinciding with this increase in the ratio of (n-6) : (n-3) PUFA are increases in chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By increasing the ratio of (n-3) : (n-6) PUFA in the Western diet, reductions may be achieved in the incidence of these chronic inflammatory diseases.Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to potent lipid mediator signalling molecules, termed "eicosanoids," which have important roles in the regulation of inflammation. In general, eicosanoids derived from n-6 PUFA are proinflammatory while eicosanoids derived from n-3 PUFA are anti-inflammatory. Dietary changes over the past few decades in the intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA show striking increases in the (n-6) to (n-3) ratio (~15 : 1), which are associated with greater metabolism of the n-6 PUFA compared with n-3 PUFA. Coinciding with this increase in the ratio of (n-6) : (n-3) PUFA are increases in chronic inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By increasing the ratio of (n-3) : (n-6) PUFA in the Western diet, reductions may be achieved in the incidence of these chronic inflammatory diseases.
Author	Patterson, E. Ross, R. Paul Stanton, Catherine Wall, Rebecca Fitzgerald, Gerald
AuthorAffiliation	1 Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, County Cork, Ireland 3 Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, County Cork, Ireland 2 Teagasc Food Research Centre, Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Teagasc Food Research Centre, Biosciences Department, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland – name: 3 Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, County Cork, Ireland – name: 1 Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute, County Cork, Ireland
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 fullname: Patterson, E. – sequence: 2 fullname: Wall, Rebecca – sequence: 3 fullname: Fitzgerald, Gerald – sequence: 4 fullname: Ross, R. Paul – sequence: 5 fullname: Stanton, Catherine
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570770$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-46361$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index
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PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2012-01-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2012-01-01
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PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	Cairo, Egypt
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Cairo, Egypt – name: United States
PublicationTitle	Journal of nutrition and metabolism
PublicationTitleAlternate	J Nutr Metab
PublicationYear	2012
Publisher	Hindawi Puplishing Corporation Hindawi Publishing Corporation Wiley
Publisher_xml	– name: Hindawi Puplishing Corporation – name: Hindawi Publishing Corporation – name: Wiley
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Snippet	Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (e.g., arachidonic acid (AA)) and omega-3 (n-3) PUFA (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) are precursors to...
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Title	Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
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