Prenatal stress alters the developmental pattern of behavioral indices of sexual maturation and copulation in male rats

Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects...

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Published inPhysiology & behavior Vol. 163; pp. 251 - 257
Main Authors Hernández-Arteaga, Enrique, Hernández-González, Marisela, Rentería, Mayra Liliana Ramírez, Almanza-Sepúlveda, Mayra Linné, Guevara, Miguel Angel, Silva, Marcela Arteaga, Jaime, Herlinda Bonilla
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 01.09.2016
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ISSN0031-9384
1873-507X
DOI10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.008

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Abstract Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects of prenatal stress on the behavioral indices of sexual maturation in male rats, including genital grooming (GG), preputial separation (PS), and spontaneous penile erections (SPE) during puberty, and on copulatory parameters during adulthood. Stress was exerted by immobilizing the female rats once per day for 2h from days 14–21 of pregnancy. The young rats born to the dams in the stressed group (SG) later presented a delayed occurrence of PS with a delayed onset and lower frequency and duration of GG compared to a control group (CG). Less than half of the subjects in SG presented SPE, and those that did showed delayed onset and lower frequency and duration. In adulthood, fewer subjects in SG showed sexual behavior responses (intromission and ejaculation), and their mount and intromission latencies on the first day they ejaculated were longer than those of the CG rats. Findings from this study provide additional evidence that stress caused by immobilization during the third period of pregnancy exerts a negative effect in the short-term (i.e., around puberty) by altering the typical development of GG and SPE and the occurrence of PS, while also demonstrating that this effect persists in the long-term, when it affects the performance of copulatory behavior in mature male rats. •Prenatal stress alters the development of the behavioral indices of sexual maturation.•Prenatal stress decreases the frequency of genital grooming during puberty in rats.•Prenatal stress decreases the frequency of penile erections during puberty in rats.•Prenatal stress delays the occurrence of preputial separation in rats.•Prenatal stress alters the sexual behavior of adult male rats.
AbstractList Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects of prenatal stress on the behavioral indices of sexual maturation in male rats, including genital grooming (GG), preputial separation (PS), and spontaneous penile erections (SPE) during puberty, and on copulatory parameters during adulthood. Stress was exerted by immobilizing the female rats once per day for 2 h from days 14-21 of pregnancy. The young rats born to the dams in the stressed group (SG) later presented a delayed occurrence of PS with a delayed onset and lower frequency and duration of GG compared to a control group (CG). Less than half of the subjects in SG presented SPE, and those that did showed delayed onset and lower frequency and duration. In adulthood, fewer subjects in SG showed sexual behavior responses (intromission and ejaculation), and their mount and intromission latencies on the first day they ejaculated were longer than those of the CG rats. Findings from this study provide additional evidence that stress caused by immobilization during the third period of pregnancy exerts a negative effect in the short-term (i.e., around puberty) by altering the typical development of GG and SPE and the occurrence of PS, while also demonstrating that this effect persists in the long-term, when it affects the performance of copulatory behavior in mature male rats.
Abstract Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects of prenatal stress on the behavioral indices of sexual maturation in male rats, including genital grooming (GG), preputial separation (PS), and spontaneous penile erections (SPE) during puberty, and on copulatory parameters during adulthood. Stress was exerted by immobilizing the female rats once per day for 2 h from days 14–21 of pregnancy. The young rats born to the dams in the stressed group (SG) later presented a delayed occurrence of PS with a delayed onset and lower frequency and duration of GG compared to a control group (CG). Less than half of the subjects in SG presented SPE, and those that did showed delayed onset and lower frequency and duration. In adulthood, fewer subjects in SG showed sexual behavior responses (intromission and ejaculation), and their mount and intromission latencies on the first day they ejaculated were longer than those of the CG rats. Findings from this study provide additional evidence that stress caused by immobilization during the third period of pregnancy exerts a negative effect in the short-term ( i.e. , around puberty) by altering the typical development of GG and SPE and the occurrence of PS, while also demonstrating that this effect persists in the long-term, when it affects the performance of copulatory behavior in mature male rats.
Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects of prenatal stress on the behavioral indices of sexual maturation in male rats, including genital grooming (GG), preputial separation (PS), and spontaneous penile erections (SPE) during puberty, and on copulatory parameters during adulthood. Stress was exerted by immobilizing the female rats once per day for 2h from days 14–21 of pregnancy. The young rats born to the dams in the stressed group (SG) later presented a delayed occurrence of PS with a delayed onset and lower frequency and duration of GG compared to a control group (CG). Less than half of the subjects in SG presented SPE, and those that did showed delayed onset and lower frequency and duration. In adulthood, fewer subjects in SG showed sexual behavior responses (intromission and ejaculation), and their mount and intromission latencies on the first day they ejaculated were longer than those of the CG rats. Findings from this study provide additional evidence that stress caused by immobilization during the third period of pregnancy exerts a negative effect in the short-term (i.e., around puberty) by altering the typical development of GG and SPE and the occurrence of PS, while also demonstrating that this effect persists in the long-term, when it affects the performance of copulatory behavior in mature male rats. •Prenatal stress alters the development of the behavioral indices of sexual maturation.•Prenatal stress decreases the frequency of genital grooming during puberty in rats.•Prenatal stress decreases the frequency of penile erections during puberty in rats.•Prenatal stress delays the occurrence of preputial separation in rats.•Prenatal stress alters the sexual behavior of adult male rats.
Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects. Considering that stress is one of the most common factors to which subjects may be exposed during gestation, the present study evaluated the effects of prenatal stress on the behavioral indices of sexual maturation in male rats, including genital grooming (GG), preputial separation (PS), and spontaneous penile erections (SPE) during puberty, and on copulatory parameters during adulthood. Stress was exerted by immobilizing the female rats once per day for 2h from days 14–21 of pregnancy. The young rats born to the dams in the stressed group (SG) later presented a delayed occurrence of PS with a delayed onset and lower frequency and duration of GG compared to a control group (CG). Less than half of the subjects in SG presented SPE, and those that did showed delayed onset and lower frequency and duration. In adulthood, fewer subjects in SG showed sexual behavior responses (intromission and ejaculation), and their mount and intromission latencies on the first day they ejaculated were longer than those of the CG rats. Findings from this study provide additional evidence that stress caused by immobilization during the third period of pregnancy exerts a negative effect in the short-term (i.e., around puberty) by altering the typical development of GG and SPE and the occurrence of PS, while also demonstrating that this effect persists in the long-term, when it affects the performance of copulatory behavior in mature male rats.
Author Hernández-Arteaga, Enrique
Silva, Marcela Arteaga
Hernández-González, Marisela
Almanza-Sepúlveda, Mayra Linné
Rentería, Mayra Liliana Ramírez
Jaime, Herlinda Bonilla
Guevara, Miguel Angel
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  givenname: Herlinda Bonilla
  surname: Jaime
  fullname: Jaime, Herlinda Bonilla
  organization: Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, P.O. Box 55 535, México 09340, D.F., Mexico
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Keywords Sexual maturation
Penile erection
Rats
Genital grooming
Prenatal stress
Preputial separation
Language English
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Snippet Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects....
Abstract Gestation and pre-puberty are critical periods during which several environmental factors can drastically affect the adequate development of subjects....
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StartPage 251
SubjectTerms Acoustic Stimulation
adulthood
adverse effects
Age Factors
Analysis of Variance
Animals
copulation
Copulation - physiology
ejaculation
environmental factors
Female
females
Genital grooming
Male
males
Penile erection
Photic Stimulation
Pregnancy
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - physiopathology
Prenatal stress
Preputial separation
Psychiatry
puberty
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reaction Time - physiology
Sexual maturation
Sexual Maturation - physiology
Stress, Psychological - physiopathology
Title Prenatal stress alters the developmental pattern of behavioral indices of sexual maturation and copulation in male rats
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.008
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27174612
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1804868143
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1837313403
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1846338234
Volume 163
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