Primary headache epidemiology in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce. M...

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Published inJournal of headache and pain Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 8 - 16
Main Authors Onofri, Agnese, Pensato, Umberto, Rosignoli, Chiara, Wells-Gatnik, William, Stanyer, Emily, Ornello, Raffaele, Chen, Hui Zhou, De Santis, Federico, Torrente, Angelo, Mikulenka, Petr, Monte, Gabriele, Marschollek, Karol, Waliszewska-Prosół, Marta, Wiels, Wietse, Boucherie, Deirdre M., Onan, Dilara, Farham, Fatemeh, Al-Hassany, Linda, Sacco, Simona
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Milan Springer Milan 14.02.2023
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Child
Child and adolescent headache
Children
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Female
Headache
Headache - epidemiology
Headaches
Hot topics in headache and pain from the EHF-SAS
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Migraine
Migraine with Aura
Migraine without Aura
Neurology
Pain Medicine
Pediatrics
Prevalence
Review
Systematic review
Teenagers
Tension-type headache
Tension-Type Headache - epidemiology
Child and adolescent headache
Tension-type headache
Prevalence
Migraine
Headache epidemiology
Systematic review
Meta-analysis
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce. Material and methods We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8–18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted. Results Out of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9–14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5–12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2–4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12–23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53–70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16–66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11–53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking. Conclusion We found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
AbstractList Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce.INTRODUCTIONHeadache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce.We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8-18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted.MATERIAL AND METHODSWe searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8-18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted.Out of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9-14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5-12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2-4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12-23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53-70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16-66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11-53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking.RESULTSOut of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9-14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5-12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2-4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12-23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53-70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16-66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11-53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking.We found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.CONCLUSIONWe found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce. We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8-18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted. Out of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9-14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5-12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2-4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12-23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53-70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16-66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11-53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking. We found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce. Material and methods We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8–18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted. Results Out of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9–14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5–12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2–4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12–23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53–70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16–66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11–53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking. Conclusion We found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
IntroductionHeadache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce.Material and methodsWe searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8–18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted.ResultsOut of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9–14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5–12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2–4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12–23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53–70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16–66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11–53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking.ConclusionWe found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
Abstract Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce. Material and methods We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8–18 years old individuals. The risk of bias was examined with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of pediatric headache. Subgroup analyses based on headache subtypes were also conducted. Results Out of 5,486 papers retrieved electronically, we identified 48 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of primary headaches was 11% for migraine overall [95%CI: 9–14%], 8% for migraine without aura (MwoA) [95%CI: 5–12%], 3% for migraine with aura (MwA) [95%CI:2–4%] and 17% for tension-type headache (TTH) [95% CI: 12–23%]. The pooled prevalence of overall primary headache in children and adolescents was 62% [95% CI: 53–70%], with prevalence in females and males of 38% [95% CI: 16–66%] and 27% [95% CI: 11–53%] respectively. After the removal of studies ranked as low-quality according to the JBI scale, prevalence rates were not substantially different. Epidemiological data on less common primary headaches, such as trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, were lacking. Conclusion We found an overall remarkably high prevalence of primary headaches in children and adolescents, even if flawed by a high degree of heterogeneity. Further up-to-date studies are warranted to complete the picture of pediatric headache-related burden to enhance specific public interventions.
ArticleNumber 8
Author Wiels, Wietse
Stanyer, Emily
Sacco, Simona
De Santis, Federico
Al-Hassany, Linda
Chen, Hui Zhou
Monte, Gabriele
Marschollek, Karol
Mikulenka, Petr
Boucherie, Deirdre M.
Torrente, Angelo
Wells-Gatnik, William
Waliszewska-Prosół, Marta
Ornello, Raffaele
Onan, Dilara
Pensato, Umberto
Rosignoli, Chiara
Farham, Fatemeh
Onofri, Agnese
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  organization: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila
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  givenname: Umberto
  surname: Pensato
  fullname: Pensato, Umberto
  organization: Neurology and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University
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  givenname: Chiara
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  fullname: Rosignoli, Chiara
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  organization: Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome
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  fullname: Stanyer, Emily
  organization: Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King’s College London
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  organization: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila
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  fullname: Chen, Hui Zhou
  organization: Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King’s College London
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  organization: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila
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  givenname: Angelo
  surname: Torrente
  fullname: Torrente, Angelo
  organization: Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo
– sequence: 10
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  surname: Mikulenka
  fullname: Mikulenka, Petr
  organization: Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady
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  givenname: Gabriele
  surname: Monte
  fullname: Monte, Gabriele
  organization: Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)
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  givenname: Karol
  surname: Marschollek
  fullname: Marschollek, Karol
  organization: Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Marta
  surname: Waliszewska-Prosół
  fullname: Waliszewska-Prosół, Marta
  organization: Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Wietse
  surname: Wiels
  fullname: Wiels, Wietse
  organization: Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Deirdre M.
  surname: Boucherie
  fullname: Boucherie, Deirdre M.
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center
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  fullname: Onan, Dilara
  organization: Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University
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  givenname: Fatemeh
  surname: Farham
  fullname: Farham, Fatemeh
  organization: Department of Headache, Iranian Center of Neurological Researchers, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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  givenname: Linda
  surname: Al-Hassany
  fullname: Al-Hassany, Linda
  organization: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center
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  givenname: Simona
  surname: Sacco
  fullname: Sacco, Simona
  email: simona.sacco@univaq.it
  organization: Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36782182$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2023
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The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2023
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– notice: The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
CorporateAuthor the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)
European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)
CorporateAuthor_xml – name: the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)
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Issue 1
Keywords Child and adolescent headache
Tension-type headache
Prevalence
Migraine
Headache epidemiology
Systematic review
Meta-analysis
Language English
License 2023. The Author(s).
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
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PublicationSubtitle Official Journal of the "European Headache Federation" and of "Lifting The Burden - The Global Campaign against Headache"
PublicationTitle Journal of headache and pain
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Snippet Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and...
Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents,...
IntroductionHeadache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and...
Abstract Introduction Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children...
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StartPage 8
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Child
Child and adolescent headache
Children
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Female
Headache
Headache - epidemiology
Headaches
Hot topics in headache and pain from the EHF-SAS
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Migraine
Migraine with Aura
Migraine without Aura
Neurology
Pain Medicine
Pediatrics
Prevalence
Review
Systematic review
Teenagers
Tension-type headache
Tension-Type Headache - epidemiology
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Title Primary headache epidemiology in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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