Sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the biological carbon pump: results from continuous observations

The ocean moderates the world’s climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anth...

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Published inNature communications Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 7309 - 16
Main Authors von Appen, Wilken-Jon, Waite, Anya M., Bergmann, Melanie, Bienhold, Christina, Boebel, Olaf, Bracher, Astrid, Cisewski, Boris, Hagemann, Jonas, Hoppema, Mario, Iversen, Morten H., Konrad, Christian, Krumpen, Thomas, Lochthofen, Normen, Metfies, Katja, Niehoff, Barbara, Nöthig, Eva-Maria, Purser, Autun, Salter, Ian, Schaber, Matthias, Scholz, Daniel, Soltwedel, Thomas, Torres-Valdes, Sinhue, Wekerle, Claudia, Wenzhöfer, Frank, Wietz, Matthias, Boetius, Antje
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 15.12.2021
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/158/47/4113
704/106/125
704/829/2737
704/829/826
704/829/827
Absorption
Anthropogenic factors
Atlantic Ocean
Benthic communities
Biodiversity
Biological effects
Carbon
Carbon - analysis
Carbon Cycle
Climate Change
Ecosystem
Ecosystem dynamics
Global climate
Greenland
Human influences
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ice Cover - chemistry
Ice melting
Meltwater
multidisciplinary
Newfoundland and Labrador
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sea ice
Seawater - chemistry
Straits
Stratification
Time series
Atlantic Ocean
Greenland
Newfoundland and Labrador
Arctic region
Fram Strait
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract The ocean moderates the world’s climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand. The North Atlantic biological pump has the most intense absorption of C globally, but how this will fare in light of climate changes (especially sea-ice melting) is poorly understood. Here the authors present a 24-month continuous time series of physical, chemical, and biological observations in the Fram Strait.
AbstractList The ocean moderates the world's climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand.The ocean moderates the world's climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand.
The ocean moderates the world’s climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand.The North Atlantic biological pump has the most intense absorption of C globally, but how this will fare in light of climate changes (especially sea-ice melting) is poorly understood. Here the authors present a 24-month continuous time series of physical, chemical, and biological observations in the Fram Strait.
The ocean moderates the world’s climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand. The North Atlantic biological pump has the most intense absorption of C globally, but how this will fare in light of climate changes (especially sea-ice melting) is poorly understood. Here the authors present a 24-month continuous time series of physical, chemical, and biological observations in the Fram Strait.
The North Atlantic biological pump has the most intense absorption of C globally, but how this will fare in light of climate changes (especially sea-ice melting) is poorly understood. Here the authors present a 24-month continuous time series of physical, chemical, and biological observations in the Fram Strait.
The ocean moderates the world's climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North Atlantic Ocean west (Baffin Bay/Labrador Sea) and east (Fram Strait/Greenland Sea) of Greenland features the most intense absorption of anthropogenic carbon globally; the biological carbon pump (BCP) contributes substantially. As Arctic sea-ice melts, the BCP changes, impacting global climate and other critical ocean attributes (e.g. biodiversity). Full understanding requires year-round observations across a range of ice conditions. Here we present such observations: autonomously collected Eulerian continuous 24-month time-series in Fram Strait. We show that, compared to ice-unaffected conditions, sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the BCP by 4 months, a shift from an export to a retention system, with measurable impacts on benthic communities. This has implications for ecosystem dynamics in the future warmer Arctic where the seasonal ice zone is expected to expand.
ArticleNumber 7309
Author Hoppema, Mario
Salter, Ian
Wenzhöfer, Frank
Schaber, Matthias
Bergmann, Melanie
Niehoff, Barbara
Boebel, Olaf
Cisewski, Boris
Bracher, Astrid
Iversen, Morten H.
Lochthofen, Normen
Nöthig, Eva-Maria
Soltwedel, Thomas
Hagemann, Jonas
Purser, Autun
Torres-Valdes, Sinhue
Scholz, Daniel
Waite, Anya M.
Konrad, Christian
Bienhold, Christina
Krumpen, Thomas
von Appen, Wilken-Jon
Metfies, Katja
Wekerle, Claudia
Wietz, Matthias
Boetius, Antje
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34911949$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet The ocean moderates the world’s climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North...
The ocean moderates the world's climate through absorption of heat and carbon, but how much carbon the ocean will continue to absorb remains unknown. The North...
The North Atlantic biological pump has the most intense absorption of C globally, but how this will fare in light of climate changes (especially sea-ice...
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704/106/125
704/829/2737
704/829/826
704/829/827
Absorption
Anthropogenic factors
Atlantic Ocean
Benthic communities
Biodiversity
Biological effects
Carbon
Carbon - analysis
Carbon Cycle
Climate Change
Ecosystem
Ecosystem dynamics
Global climate
Greenland
Human influences
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ice Cover - chemistry
Ice melting
Meltwater
multidisciplinary
Newfoundland and Labrador
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sea ice
Seawater - chemistry
Straits
Stratification
Time series
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Title Sea-ice derived meltwater stratification slows the biological carbon pump: results from continuous observations
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41467-021-26943-z
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34911949
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2610236046
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2610910346
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8674288
https://doaj.org/article/23b4ae8825cf4025a9ff45d5224d01b7
Volume 12
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