Analysis of false-negative rapid diagnostic tests for symptomatic malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes ( pfhrp2/3 ) raise concern about exi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inScientific reports Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 6495 - 12
Main Authors Parr, Jonathan B., Kieto, Eddy, Phanzu, Fernandine, Mansiangi, Paul, Mwandagalirwa, Kashamuka, Mvuama, Nono, Landela, Ange, Atibu, Joseph, Efundu, Solange Umesumbu, Olenga, Jean W., Thwai, Kyaw Lay, Morgan, Camille E., Denton, Madeline, Poffley, Alison, Juliano, Jonathan J., Mungala, Pomie, Likwela, Joris L., Sompwe, Eric M., Rogier, Eric, Tshefu, Antoinette K., N’Siala, Adrien, Kalonji, Albert
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 22.03.2021
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/326/417/2550
692/308/174
692/699/255/1629
Antigens
Diagnostic tests
Erythrocytes
Genomes
Genotyping
Histidine
Humanities and Social Sciences
Malaria
Microscopy
multidisciplinary
Parasites
Plasmodium falciparum
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vector-borne diseases
Whole genome sequencing
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI10.1038/s41598-021-85913-z

Cover

Abstract The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes ( pfhrp2/3 ) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2 -negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen’s kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3 -deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.
AbstractList The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes (pfhrp2/3) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2-negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen’s kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3-deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.
The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes ( pfhrp2/3 ) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2 -negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen’s kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3 -deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.
Abstract The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes (pfhrp2/3) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2-negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen’s kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3-deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.
The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes (pfhrp2/3) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2-negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen's kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3-deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing reports of false-negative RDT results due to parasites with deletions of the pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 genes (pfhrp2/3) raise concern about existing malaria diagnostic strategies. We previously identified pfhrp2-negative parasites among asymptomatic children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but their impact on diagnosis of symptomatic malaria is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional study of false-negative RDTs in symptomatic subjects in 2017. Parasites were characterized by microscopy; RDT; pfhrp2/3 genotyping and species-specific PCR assays; a bead-based immunoassay for Plasmodium antigens; and/or whole-genome sequencing. Among 3627 symptomatic subjects, 427 (11.8%) had RDT-/microscopy + results. Parasites from eight (0.2%) samples were initially classified as putative pfhrp2/3 deletions by PCR, but antigen testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of intact genes. 56.8% of subjects had PCR-confirmed malaria. Non-falciparum co-infection with P. falciparum was common (13.2%). Agreement between PCR and HRP2-based RDTs was satisfactory (Cohen's kappa = 0.66) and superior to microscopy (0.33). Symptomatic malaria due to pfhrp2/3-deleted P. falciparum was not observed. Ongoing HRP2-based RDT use is appropriate for the detection of falciparum malaria in the DRC.
ArticleNumber 6495
Author Mwandagalirwa, Kashamuka
Parr, Jonathan B.
Rogier, Eric
Atibu, Joseph
Olenga, Jean W.
Poffley, Alison
Likwela, Joris L.
Tshefu, Antoinette K.
Mansiangi, Paul
Morgan, Camille E.
Juliano, Jonathan J.
Mvuama, Nono
Thwai, Kyaw Lay
N’Siala, Adrien
Denton, Madeline
Landela, Ange
Efundu, Solange Umesumbu
Sompwe, Eric M.
Phanzu, Fernandine
Kalonji, Albert
Kieto, Eddy
Mungala, Pomie
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Jonathan B.
  surname: Parr
  fullname: Parr, Jonathan B.
  email: jonathan_parr@med.unc.edu
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Eddy
  surname: Kieto
  fullname: Kieto, Eddy
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Fernandine
  surname: Phanzu
  fullname: Phanzu, Fernandine
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Paul
  surname: Mansiangi
  fullname: Mansiangi, Paul
  organization: University of Kinshasa School of Public Health
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Kashamuka
  surname: Mwandagalirwa
  fullname: Mwandagalirwa, Kashamuka
  organization: University of Kinshasa School of Public Health
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Nono
  surname: Mvuama
  fullname: Mvuama, Nono
  organization: University of Kinshasa School of Public Health
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Ange
  surname: Landela
  fullname: Landela, Ange
  organization: Institut National Pour La Recherche Biomedicale
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Joseph
  surname: Atibu
  fullname: Atibu, Joseph
  organization: University of Kinshasa School of Public Health
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Solange Umesumbu
  surname: Efundu
  fullname: Efundu, Solange Umesumbu
  organization: Programme National de La Lutte Contre Le Paludisme
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Jean W.
  surname: Olenga
  fullname: Olenga, Jean W.
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Kyaw Lay
  surname: Thwai
  fullname: Thwai, Kyaw Lay
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Camille E.
  surname: Morgan
  fullname: Morgan, Camille E.
  organization: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Madeline
  surname: Denton
  fullname: Denton, Madeline
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Alison
  surname: Poffley
  fullname: Poffley, Alison
  organization: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Jonathan J.
  surname: Juliano
  fullname: Juliano, Jonathan J.
  organization: Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Pomie
  surname: Mungala
  fullname: Mungala, Pomie
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Joris L.
  surname: Likwela
  fullname: Likwela, Joris L.
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 18
  givenname: Eric M.
  surname: Sompwe
  fullname: Sompwe, Eric M.
  organization: Programme National de La Lutte Contre Le Paludisme
– sequence: 19
  givenname: Eric
  surname: Rogier
  fullname: Rogier, Eric
  organization: Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
– sequence: 20
  givenname: Antoinette K.
  surname: Tshefu
  fullname: Tshefu, Antoinette K.
  organization: University of Kinshasa School of Public Health
– sequence: 21
  givenname: Adrien
  surname: N’Siala
  fullname: N’Siala, Adrien
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
– sequence: 22
  givenname: Albert
  surname: Kalonji
  fullname: Kalonji, Albert
  organization: SANRU Asbl (Sante Rurale/Global Fund)
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33753817$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9Uk1r3DAQNSWlSdP8gR6KoZde3Eoa2ZYuhbD9CgQKpT0LWZYdLba0kbyBza_v2E7aJIfoMoPmvTdPmnmdHfngbZa9peQjJSA-JU5LKQrCaCFKSaG4fZGdMMLLggFjRw_y4-wspS3BUzLJqXyVHQPUJQhan2TX514Ph-RSHrq800Oyhbe9ntyNzaPeuTZvne59SJMz-WTTlPIuxDwdxt0URj3fjnrQ0enc-Xy6svkXOwYTl8ovu9s3AyaoPZc2wffhTfZy6XN2F0-zP9--_t78KC5_fr_YnF8WpiLVVHAhrWDAgdG2Moy0-EoQnQDKWoySGVKZumS6NBWHpjIWrDSt7rioZhKcZherbhv0Vu2iG3U8qKCdWi5C7JWO6HKwqpINlbQ0tZTAW00bAdiICGigI1pw1Pq8auF7Rtsa66eoh0eijyveXak-3KhaipIRiQIf7gRiuN7jN6rRJWOHQXsb9kmxknBAJK8Q-v4JdBv2Eae0oADnBlWNqHcPHf2zcj9ZBIgVYGJIKdpOGTfhVMJs0A2KEjXvkVr3SOEeqWWP1C1S2RPqvfqzJFhJCcG-t_G_7WdYfwF8rdqq
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1080_14737159_2023_2255136
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41564_021_00962_4
crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2022_757844
crossref_primary_10_12688_openreseurope_18617_1
crossref_primary_10_3201_eid2906_221016
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0011759
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103415
crossref_primary_10_1097_MD9_0000000000000343
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_024_04928_9
crossref_primary_10_3201_eid2810_220695
crossref_primary_10_3390_tropicalmed7100265
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_022_04226_2
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_54667_3
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_024_04852_y
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_022_04153_2
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_02452_3
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12936_024_04904_3
Cites_doi 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0996
10.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.004
10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3
10.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.039
10.1186/s12936-016-1641-7
10.1016/j.exppara.2008.12.012
10.1038/nbt.1754
10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001582
10.1371/journal.pone.0032891
10.1093/infdis/jix347
10.1128/JCM.42.3.1214-1219.2004
10.1093/infdis/jiaa478
10.1371/journal.pone.0071539
10.1186/1475-2875-9-129
10.1093/infdis/jix345
10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.004
10.1086/432010
10.1371/journal.pone.0031848
10.1093/bioinformatics/btq033
10.1101/2020.02.17.20024190v1.abstract
10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30420-1
10.4269/ajtmh.2012.10-0665
10.7554/eLife.25008
10.1016/0166-6851(92)90081-T
10.1371/journal.pone.0016420
10.1038/s41467-020-15779-8
10.1186/s12936-018-2502-3
10.3201/eid2403.171723
10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16767-6
10.1038/nature16039
10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170
10.1186/s12936-020-3137-8
10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102757
10.1186/s12936-018-2287-4
10.1186/1475-2875-13-283
10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.565
10.2471/BLT.20.250621
10.1093/infdis/jiy525
10.1371/journal.pone.0236369
10.1371/journal.pone.0175771
10.1128/AAC.47.8.2418-2423.2003
10.1093/infdis/jix094
10.1101/gr.107524.110
10.2144/000112631
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2021
The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2021
– notice: The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
3V.
7X7
7XB
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M2P
M7P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-85913-z
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability (subscription)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Biological Sciences
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni)
PML(ProQuest Medical Library)
Science Database
Biological Science Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList Publicly Available Content Database

PubMed
CrossRef


MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: C6C
  name: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  url: http://www.springeropen.com/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
– sequence: 2
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 3
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 2045-2322
EndPage 12
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_69b1915c79934da1b83f83083b3f0a84
PMC7985209
33753817
10_1038_s41598_021_85913_z
Genre Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000862
– fundername: National Institute of General Medical Sciences
  grantid: T32GM008719
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000057
– fundername: Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004417
– fundername: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
  grantid: R01AI132547
  funderid: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000060
– fundername: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
  grantid: R01AI132547
– fundername: NIGMS NIH HHS
  grantid: T32GM008719
– fundername: ;
– fundername: ;
  grantid: R01AI132547
– fundername: ;
  grantid: T32GM008719
GroupedDBID 0R~
3V.
4.4
53G
5VS
7X7
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AAKDD
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFS
ACSMW
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AJTQC
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
AZQEC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
DIK
DWQXO
EBD
EBLON
EBS
ESX
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0L
M1P
M2P
M48
M7P
M~E
NAO
OK1
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RNT
RNTTT
RPM
SNYQT
UKHRP
AASML
AAYXX
AFPKN
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
NPM
7XB
8FK
K9.
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c606t-489e8234321d6c20d85938f8312d38f92c06c752a5c643b6ce3e9cdaf48643213
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 2045-2322
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:30:35 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:40:07 EDT 2025
Thu Jul 10 22:56:20 EDT 2025
Sat Aug 23 13:34:00 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:58:26 EST 2025
Tue Jul 01 01:07:45 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:11:51 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:39:07 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Language English
License Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c606t-489e8234321d6c20d85938f8312d38f92c06c752a5c643b6ce3e9cdaf48643213
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1038/s41598-021-85913-z
PMID 33753817
PQID 2503538367
PQPubID 2041939
PageCount 12
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_69b1915c79934da1b83f83083b3f0a84
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7985209
proquest_miscellaneous_2504352046
proquest_journals_2503538367
pubmed_primary_33753817
crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_s41598_021_85913_z
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_85913_z
springer_journals_10_1038_s41598_021_85913_z
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-03-22
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-03-22
PublicationDate_xml – month: 03
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-03-22
  day: 22
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: England
PublicationTitle Scientific reports
PublicationTitleAbbrev Sci Rep
PublicationTitleAlternate Sci Rep
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group UK
– name: Nature Publishing Group
– name: Nature Portfolio
References Morgan A. P. vcfdo. Available at: https://github.com/IDEELResearch/vcfdo (2019).
PickardALResistance to antimalarials in southeast asia and genetic polymorphisms in pfmdr1Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.200347241824231:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvFCmurs%3D1287849916605710.1128/AAC.47.8.2418-2423.2003
Walker-JonahADolanSAGwadzRWPantonLJWellemsTEAn RFLP map of the Plasmodium falciparum genome, recombination rates and favored linkage groups in a genetic crossMol. Biochem. Parasitol.1992513133201:CAS:528:DyaK38XitVyqsbk%3D134942310.1016/0166-6851(92)90081-T
VerityRThe impact of antimalarial resistance on the genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum in the DRCNat. Commun.20201121072020NatCo..11.2107V1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXosF2lu70%3D32355199719290610.1038/s41467-020-15779-8
WickhamHggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis2009BerlinSpringer1170.6200410.1007/978-0-387-98141-3
MorganAPFalciparum malaria from coastal Tanzania and Zanzibar remains highly connected despite effective control efforts on the archipelagoMalar. J.2020154710.1186/s12936-020-3137-8
WuLComparison of diagnostics for the detection of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections to inform control and elimination strategiesNature2015528S86932663377010.1038/nature16039
Li, H. Aligning sequence reads, clone sequences and assembly contigs with BWA-MEM. arXiv: 1303.3997 (2013).
PotiKESullivanDJDondorpAMWoodrowCJHRP2: Transforming malaria diagnosis, but with caveatsTrends Parasitol.2020361121263184811910.1016/j.pt.2019.12.004
Broad Institute. Picard tools. GitHub repository available at https://broadinstitute.github.io/picard/ (2016).
World Health OrganizationResponse Plan to pfhrp2 Gene Deletions2019WHO
WatsonOJModelling the drivers of the spread of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 gene deletions in sub-Saharan AfricaElife201710.7554/eLife.25008291119745690282
Brazeau, N. F. et al. The Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax Among Adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Nationally-Representative, Cross-Sectional Survey. Pre-print available on medRxiv at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.20024190v1.abstract. (2020).
JonesSOne-step PCR: A novel protocol for determination of pfhrp2 deletion status in Plasmodium falciparumPLoS ONE202015e02363691:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsFSktL7J32702040737746210.1371/journal.pone.0236369
RobinsonJTIntegrative genomics viewerNat. Biotechnol.20112924261:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXjsFWrtg%3D%3D21221095334618210.1038/nbt.1754
LucchiNWA new single-step PCR assay for the detection of the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesiPLoS ONE20127e318482012PLoSO...731848L1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjt1Kqsbg%3D22363751328278210.1371/journal.pone.0031848
ParrJBPfhrp2-deleted Plasmodium falciparum parasites in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A national cross-sectional surveyJ. Infect. Dis.201721636441:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitFGjsL3I2817750210.1093/infdis/jix347
SrisuthamSFour human Plasmodium species quantification using droplet digital PCRPLoS ONE201712e017577128423028539697110.1371/journal.pone.01757711:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhs1Wks7k%3D
PatiPDhangadamajhiGBalMRanjitMHigh proportions of pfhrp2 gene deletion and performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates of OdishaMalar. J.2018173941:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhtFCht7nI30373573620692510.1186/s12936-018-2502-3
TaylorSMMolecular malaria epidemiology: Mapping and burden estimates for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2007PLoS ONE20116e164202011PLoSO...616420T1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhvVKrs7o%3D21305011303154910.1371/journal.pone.0016420
KoitaOAFalse-negative rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and deletion of the histidine-rich repeat region of the hrp2 geneAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.2012861941981:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs1SitL8%3D22302847326926610.4269/ajtmh.2012.10-0665
ChengQPlasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3: A review and recommendations for accurate reportingMalar. J.20141328325052298411547110.1186/1475-2875-13-2831:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVGmsL%2FN
WatsonOJImpact of seasonal variations in Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission on the surveillance of pfhrp2 gene deletionsElife201982
PerandinFDevelopment of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale for routine clinical diagnosisJ. Clin. Microbiol.200442121412191:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXivF2ktro%3D1500407835683410.1128/JCM.42.3.1214-1219.2004
QuinlanARHallIMBEDTools: A flexible suite of utilities for comparing genomic featuresBioinformatics201026210.1093/bioinformatics/btq0331:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXivFGkurc%3D
GrignardLA novel multiplex qPCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum with histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 (pfhrp2 and pfhrp3) deletions in polyclonal infectionsEBioMedicine20205510275732403083721825910.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102757
World Health OrganizationFalse-Negative RDT Results and Implications of New Reports of P. falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions2016WHO
VeronVSimonSCarmeBMultiplex real-time PCR detection of P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae in human blood samplesExp. Parasitol.20091213463511:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXisFKrsLY%3D1912402110.1016/j.exppara.2008.12.012
WoodrowCJFanelloCPfhrp2 deletions in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Evidence of absence, or absence of evidence?J. Infect. Dis.201721650450628931242585331410.1093/infdis/jix345
BakerJGlobal sequence variation in the histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 of Plasmodium falciparum: Implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic testsMalar. J.2010922010ikpm.book.....B10.1186/1475-2875-9-1291:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXms1GgsLY%3D
McKennaAThe genome analysis toolkit: A MapReduce framework for analyzing next-generation DNA sequencing dataGenome Res.201020129713031:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFeru7jM20644199292850810.1101/gr.107524.110
SepúlvedaNGlobal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (pfhrp2) and pfhrp3 gene deletions using whole-genome sequencing data and meta-analysisInfect. Genet. Evol.2018622112192972938610.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.0391:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXpt1Knt7g%3D
World Health OrganizationProtocol for Estimating the Prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 Gene Deletions Among Symptomatic Falciparum Patients with False-Negative RDT Results2018WHO
MitchellCLUnder the radar: Epidemiology of Plasmodium ovale in the Democratic Republic of the CongoJ. Infect. Dis.202010.1093/infdis/jiaa478322744998825215
ParrJBAndersonOJulianoJJMeshnickSRStreamlined, PCR-based testing for pfhrp2- and pfhrp3-negative Plasmodium falciparumMalar. J.20181713729609602587955510.1186/s12936-018-2287-41:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXjt1OgtL0%3D
VermaAKBhartiPKDasAHRP-2 deletion: A hole in the ship of malaria eliminationLancet Infect. Dis.2018188268273006466710.1016/S1473-3099(18)30420-1
President's Malaria Initiative. Democratic Republic of the Congo Malaria Operational Plan FY 2018. Available at https://www.pmi.gov/docs/default-source/default-document-library/malaria-operational-plans/fy-2018/fy-2018-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-malaria-operational-plan.pdf?sfvrsn=5.
BakerJGenetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and its effect on the performance of PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic testsJ. Infect. Dis.20051928708771:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVent77M1608883710.1086/432010
KamauEAlemayehuSFeghaliKCSaundersDOckenhouseCFMultiplex qPCR for detection and absolute quantification of malariaPLoS ONE20138e715392013PLoSO...871539K1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVagtb%2FK24009663375697310.1371/journal.pone.0071539
MarkwalterCFCharacterization of Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2 clearance patterns via rapid on-bead detection from a single dried blood spotAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.201898138913961:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhs1ahsLw%3D29557342595339510.4269/ajtmh.17-0996
GattonMLImplications of parasites lacking Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 on malaria morbidity and control when rapid diagnostic tests are used for diagnosisJ. Infect. Dis.2017215115611662832903410.1093/infdis/jix094
BerhaneAMajor threat to malaria control programs by plasmodium falciparum lacking histidine-rich protein 2, EritreaEmerg. Infect. Dis.2018244624701:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXisVKntLfJ29460730582335210.3201/eid2403.171723
MenegonMIdentification of Plasmodium falciparum isolates lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 in EritreaInfect. Genet. Evol.2017551311341:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhsFWitLvP2888994410.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.004
PloweCVDjimdeABouareMDoumboOWellemsTEPyrimethamine and proguanil resistance-conferring mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase: Polymerase chain reaction methods for surveillance in AfricaAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.1995525655681:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnslSqsr8%3D761156610.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.565
OyolaSOWhole genome sequencing of Plasmodium falciparum from dried blood spots using selective whole genome amplificationMalar. J.2016155971:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXjsFCqu7k%3D10.1186/s12936-016-1641-7279982715175302
WatsonOJFalse-negative malaria rapid diagnostic test results and their impact on community-based malaria surveys in sub-Saharan AfricaBMJ Glob. Health201910.1136/bmjgh-2019-001582314065916666813
PriceRNMefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and increased pfmdr1 gene copy numberLancet20043644384471:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmt1Wjurs%3D15288742433798710.1016/S0140-6736(04)16767-6
BolgerAMLohseMUsadelBTrimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence dataBioinformatics201430211421201:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXht1Sqt7nP24695404410359010.1093/bioinformatics/btu170
ThomsonRPrevalence of Plasmodium falciparum lacking histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3: A systematic reviewBull. World Health Organ.20209855856832773901741132410.2471/BLT.20.250621
ParrJBMeshnickSRResponse to woodrow and fanelloJ. Infect. Dis.201721650350428931243585368410.1093/infdis/jix347
PlucinskiMMScreening for Pfhrp2/3-deleted Plasmodium falciparum, non-falciparum, and low-density malaria infections by a multiplex antigen assayJ. Infect. Dis.20192194374471:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXjslaqur8%3D3020297210.1093/infdis/jiy525
AfoninaIPrimers with 5’ flaps improve real-time PCRBiote
CV Plowe (85913_CR18) 1995; 52
JB Parr (85913_CR10) 2017; 216
NW Lucchi (85913_CR40) 2012; 7
85913_CR49
R Verity (85913_CR52) 2020; 11
CJ Woodrow (85913_CR11) 2017; 216
AR Quinlan (85913_CR30) 2010; 26
J Baker (85913_CR46) 2010; 9
M Menegon (85913_CR9) 2017; 55
S Jones (85913_CR14) 2020; 15
N Sepúlveda (85913_CR45) 2018; 62
AP Morgan (85913_CR24) 2020; 15
World Health Organization (85913_CR47) 2019
OJ Watson (85913_CR6) 2017
85913_CR17
AL Pickard (85913_CR19) 2003; 47
L Wu (85913_CR16) 2015; 528
SM Taylor (85913_CR48) 2011; 6
AK Verma (85913_CR2) 2018; 18
A Walker-Jonah (85913_CR44) 1992; 51
KE Poti (85913_CR3) 2020; 36
J Baker (85913_CR20) 2005; 192
World Health Organization (85913_CR41) 2018
OA Koita (85913_CR21) 2012; 86
S Srisutham (85913_CR37) 2017; 12
P Pati (85913_CR43) 2018; 17
85913_CR27
Q Cheng (85913_CR4) 2014; 13
A Berhane (85913_CR8) 2018; 24
85913_CR28
L Grignard (85913_CR51) 2020; 55
RN Price (85913_CR22) 2004; 364
CL Mitchell (85913_CR50) 2020
A McKenna (85913_CR29) 2010; 20
OJ Watson (85913_CR15) 2019
AM Bolger (85913_CR26) 2014; 30
World Health Organization (85913_CR1) 2016
JT Robinson (85913_CR32) 2011; 29
85913_CR34
JB Parr (85913_CR13) 2018; 17
JB Parr (85913_CR12) 2017; 216
MM Plucinski (85913_CR35) 2019; 219
F Perandin (85913_CR39) 2004; 42
H Wickham (85913_CR31) 2009
S Auburn (85913_CR33) 2012; 7
CF Markwalter (85913_CR42) 2018; 98
ML Gatton (85913_CR7) 2017; 215
V Veron (85913_CR38) 2009; 121
SO Oyola (85913_CR25) 2016; 15
I Afonina (85913_CR23) 2007; 43
R Thomson (85913_CR5) 2020; 98
E Kamau (85913_CR36) 2013; 8
OJ Watson (85913_CR53) 2019; 8
References_xml – reference: PotiKESullivanDJDondorpAMWoodrowCJHRP2: Transforming malaria diagnosis, but with caveatsTrends Parasitol.2020361121263184811910.1016/j.pt.2019.12.004
– reference: SepúlvedaNGlobal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (pfhrp2) and pfhrp3 gene deletions using whole-genome sequencing data and meta-analysisInfect. Genet. Evol.2018622112192972938610.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.0391:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXpt1Knt7g%3D
– reference: LucchiNWA new single-step PCR assay for the detection of the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesiPLoS ONE20127e318482012PLoSO...731848L1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjt1Kqsbg%3D22363751328278210.1371/journal.pone.0031848
– reference: Li, H. Aligning sequence reads, clone sequences and assembly contigs with BWA-MEM. arXiv: 1303.3997 (2013).
– reference: BakerJGenetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and its effect on the performance of PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic testsJ. Infect. Dis.20051928708771:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVent77M1608883710.1086/432010
– reference: AfoninaIPrimers with 5’ flaps improve real-time PCRBiotechniques2007437707741:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVCitA%3D%3D1825125310.2144/000112631
– reference: PlucinskiMMScreening for Pfhrp2/3-deleted Plasmodium falciparum, non-falciparum, and low-density malaria infections by a multiplex antigen assayJ. Infect. Dis.20192194374471:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXjslaqur8%3D3020297210.1093/infdis/jiy525
– reference: ChengQPlasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3: A review and recommendations for accurate reportingMalar. J.20141328325052298411547110.1186/1475-2875-13-2831:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVGmsL%2FN
– reference: BerhaneAMajor threat to malaria control programs by plasmodium falciparum lacking histidine-rich protein 2, EritreaEmerg. Infect. Dis.2018244624701:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXisVKntLfJ29460730582335210.3201/eid2403.171723
– reference: RobinsonJTIntegrative genomics viewerNat. Biotechnol.20112924261:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXjsFWrtg%3D%3D21221095334618210.1038/nbt.1754
– reference: McKennaAThe genome analysis toolkit: A MapReduce framework for analyzing next-generation DNA sequencing dataGenome Res.201020129713031:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFeru7jM20644199292850810.1101/gr.107524.110
– reference: MitchellCLUnder the radar: Epidemiology of Plasmodium ovale in the Democratic Republic of the CongoJ. Infect. Dis.202010.1093/infdis/jiaa478322744998825215
– reference: WickhamHggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis2009BerlinSpringer1170.6200410.1007/978-0-387-98141-3
– reference: BakerJGlobal sequence variation in the histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 of Plasmodium falciparum: Implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic testsMalar. J.2010922010ikpm.book.....B10.1186/1475-2875-9-1291:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXms1GgsLY%3D
– reference: BolgerAMLohseMUsadelBTrimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence dataBioinformatics201430211421201:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXht1Sqt7nP24695404410359010.1093/bioinformatics/btu170
– reference: President's Malaria Initiative. Democratic Republic of the Congo Malaria Operational Plan FY 2018. Available at https://www.pmi.gov/docs/default-source/default-document-library/malaria-operational-plans/fy-2018/fy-2018-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-malaria-operational-plan.pdf?sfvrsn=5.
– reference: ThomsonRPrevalence of Plasmodium falciparum lacking histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3: A systematic reviewBull. World Health Organ.20209855856832773901741132410.2471/BLT.20.250621
– reference: WuLComparison of diagnostics for the detection of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections to inform control and elimination strategiesNature2015528S86932663377010.1038/nature16039
– reference: PriceRNMefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and increased pfmdr1 gene copy numberLancet20043644384471:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmt1Wjurs%3D15288742433798710.1016/S0140-6736(04)16767-6
– reference: Broad Institute. Picard tools. GitHub repository available at https://broadinstitute.github.io/picard/ (2016).
– reference: World Health OrganizationFalse-Negative RDT Results and Implications of New Reports of P. falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions2016WHO
– reference: KamauEAlemayehuSFeghaliKCSaundersDOckenhouseCFMultiplex qPCR for detection and absolute quantification of malariaPLoS ONE20138e715392013PLoSO...871539K1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVagtb%2FK24009663375697310.1371/journal.pone.0071539
– reference: PickardALResistance to antimalarials in southeast asia and genetic polymorphisms in pfmdr1Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.200347241824231:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvFCmurs%3D1287849916605710.1128/AAC.47.8.2418-2423.2003
– reference: KoitaOAFalse-negative rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and deletion of the histidine-rich repeat region of the hrp2 geneAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.2012861941981:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs1SitL8%3D22302847326926610.4269/ajtmh.2012.10-0665
– reference: QuinlanARHallIMBEDTools: A flexible suite of utilities for comparing genomic featuresBioinformatics201026210.1093/bioinformatics/btq0331:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXivFGkurc%3D
– reference: SrisuthamSFour human Plasmodium species quantification using droplet digital PCRPLoS ONE201712e017577128423028539697110.1371/journal.pone.01757711:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhs1Wks7k%3D
– reference: WoodrowCJFanelloCPfhrp2 deletions in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Evidence of absence, or absence of evidence?J. Infect. Dis.201721650450628931242585331410.1093/infdis/jix345
– reference: OyolaSOWhole genome sequencing of Plasmodium falciparum from dried blood spots using selective whole genome amplificationMalar. J.2016155971:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXjsFCqu7k%3D10.1186/s12936-016-1641-7279982715175302
– reference: VermaAKBhartiPKDasAHRP-2 deletion: A hole in the ship of malaria eliminationLancet Infect. Dis.2018188268273006466710.1016/S1473-3099(18)30420-1
– reference: Morgan A. P. vcfdo. Available at: https://github.com/IDEELResearch/vcfdo (2019).
– reference: WatsonOJModelling the drivers of the spread of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 gene deletions in sub-Saharan AfricaElife201710.7554/eLife.25008291119745690282
– reference: GattonMLImplications of parasites lacking Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 on malaria morbidity and control when rapid diagnostic tests are used for diagnosisJ. Infect. Dis.2017215115611662832903410.1093/infdis/jix094
– reference: PatiPDhangadamajhiGBalMRanjitMHigh proportions of pfhrp2 gene deletion and performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates of OdishaMalar. J.2018173941:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhtFCht7nI30373573620692510.1186/s12936-018-2502-3
– reference: MarkwalterCFCharacterization of Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2 clearance patterns via rapid on-bead detection from a single dried blood spotAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.201898138913961:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhs1ahsLw%3D29557342595339510.4269/ajtmh.17-0996
– reference: Brazeau, N. F. et al. The Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax Among Adults in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Nationally-Representative, Cross-Sectional Survey. Pre-print available on medRxiv at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.20024190v1.abstract. (2020).
– reference: MorganAPFalciparum malaria from coastal Tanzania and Zanzibar remains highly connected despite effective control efforts on the archipelagoMalar. J.2020154710.1186/s12936-020-3137-8
– reference: ParrJBMeshnickSRResponse to woodrow and fanelloJ. Infect. Dis.201721650350428931243585368410.1093/infdis/jix347
– reference: GrignardLA novel multiplex qPCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum with histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 (pfhrp2 and pfhrp3) deletions in polyclonal infectionsEBioMedicine20205510275732403083721825910.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102757
– reference: World Health OrganizationProtocol for Estimating the Prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 Gene Deletions Among Symptomatic Falciparum Patients with False-Negative RDT Results2018WHO
– reference: VerityRThe impact of antimalarial resistance on the genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum in the DRCNat. Commun.20201121072020NatCo..11.2107V1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXosF2lu70%3D32355199719290610.1038/s41467-020-15779-8
– reference: JonesSOne-step PCR: A novel protocol for determination of pfhrp2 deletion status in Plasmodium falciparumPLoS ONE202015e02363691:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsFSktL7J32702040737746210.1371/journal.pone.0236369
– reference: WatsonOJFalse-negative malaria rapid diagnostic test results and their impact on community-based malaria surveys in sub-Saharan AfricaBMJ Glob. Health201910.1136/bmjgh-2019-001582314065916666813
– reference: World Health OrganizationResponse Plan to pfhrp2 Gene Deletions2019WHO
– reference: PloweCVDjimdeABouareMDoumboOWellemsTEPyrimethamine and proguanil resistance-conferring mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase: Polymerase chain reaction methods for surveillance in AfricaAm. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.1995525655681:CAS:528:DyaK2MXnslSqsr8%3D761156610.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.565
– reference: AuburnSCharacterization of within-host Plasmodium falciparum diversity using next-generation sequence dataPLoS ONE20127e328912012PLoSO...732891A1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs12mtbY%3D22393456329060410.1371/journal.pone.0032891
– reference: Walker-JonahADolanSAGwadzRWPantonLJWellemsTEAn RFLP map of the Plasmodium falciparum genome, recombination rates and favored linkage groups in a genetic crossMol. Biochem. Parasitol.1992513133201:CAS:528:DyaK38XitVyqsbk%3D134942310.1016/0166-6851(92)90081-T
– reference: ParrJBAndersonOJulianoJJMeshnickSRStreamlined, PCR-based testing for pfhrp2- and pfhrp3-negative Plasmodium falciparumMalar. J.20181713729609602587955510.1186/s12936-018-2287-41:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXjt1OgtL0%3D
– reference: TaylorSMMolecular malaria epidemiology: Mapping and burden estimates for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2007PLoS ONE20116e164202011PLoSO...616420T1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhvVKrs7o%3D21305011303154910.1371/journal.pone.0016420
– reference: WatsonOJImpact of seasonal variations in Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission on the surveillance of pfhrp2 gene deletionsElife201982
– reference: MenegonMIdentification of Plasmodium falciparum isolates lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3 in EritreaInfect. Genet. Evol.2017551311341:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhsFWitLvP2888994410.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.004
– reference: VeronVSimonSCarmeBMultiplex real-time PCR detection of P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae in human blood samplesExp. Parasitol.20091213463511:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXisFKrsLY%3D1912402110.1016/j.exppara.2008.12.012
– reference: ParrJBPfhrp2-deleted Plasmodium falciparum parasites in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A national cross-sectional surveyJ. Infect. Dis.201721636441:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitFGjsL3I2817750210.1093/infdis/jix347
– reference: PerandinFDevelopment of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale for routine clinical diagnosisJ. Clin. Microbiol.200442121412191:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXivF2ktro%3D1500407835683410.1128/JCM.42.3.1214-1219.2004
– volume: 8
  start-page: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 85913_CR53
  publication-title: Elife
– volume: 98
  start-page: 1389
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR42
  publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
  doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0996
– volume: 55
  start-page: 131
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR9
  publication-title: Infect. Genet. Evol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.004
– volume-title: ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis
  year: 2009
  ident: 85913_CR31
  doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3
– volume: 62
  start-page: 211
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR45
  publication-title: Infect. Genet. Evol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.04.039
– ident: 85913_CR34
– volume: 15
  start-page: 597
  year: 2016
  ident: 85913_CR25
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/s12936-016-1641-7
– volume-title: Protocol for Estimating the Prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 Gene Deletions Among Symptomatic Falciparum Patients with False-Negative RDT Results
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR41
– ident: 85913_CR28
– volume: 121
  start-page: 346
  year: 2009
  ident: 85913_CR38
  publication-title: Exp. Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2008.12.012
– volume: 29
  start-page: 24
  year: 2011
  ident: 85913_CR32
  publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.1038/nbt.1754
– year: 2019
  ident: 85913_CR15
  publication-title: BMJ Glob. Health
  doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001582
– volume-title: False-Negative RDT Results and Implications of New Reports of P. falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions
  year: 2016
  ident: 85913_CR1
– volume: 7
  start-page: e32891
  year: 2012
  ident: 85913_CR33
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032891
– volume: 216
  start-page: 503
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR12
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix347
– volume: 42
  start-page: 1214
  year: 2004
  ident: 85913_CR39
  publication-title: J. Clin. Microbiol.
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.3.1214-1219.2004
– year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR50
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa478
– volume: 8
  start-page: e71539
  year: 2013
  ident: 85913_CR36
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071539
– volume: 9
  start-page: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 85913_CR46
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-129
– volume: 216
  start-page: 504
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR11
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix345
– volume: 36
  start-page: 112
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR3
  publication-title: Trends Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.004
– volume: 192
  start-page: 870
  year: 2005
  ident: 85913_CR20
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1086/432010
– ident: 85913_CR27
– volume: 7
  start-page: e31848
  year: 2012
  ident: 85913_CR40
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031848
– volume-title: Response Plan to pfhrp2 Gene Deletions
  year: 2019
  ident: 85913_CR47
– volume: 26
  start-page: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 85913_CR30
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq033
– ident: 85913_CR49
  doi: 10.1101/2020.02.17.20024190v1.abstract
– volume: 18
  start-page: 826
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR2
  publication-title: Lancet Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30420-1
– volume: 86
  start-page: 194
  year: 2012
  ident: 85913_CR21
  publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
  doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.10-0665
– year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR6
  publication-title: Elife
  doi: 10.7554/eLife.25008
– ident: 85913_CR17
– volume: 51
  start-page: 313
  year: 1992
  ident: 85913_CR44
  publication-title: Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
  doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90081-T
– volume: 6
  start-page: e16420
  year: 2011
  ident: 85913_CR48
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016420
– volume: 11
  start-page: 2107
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR52
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15779-8
– volume: 17
  start-page: 394
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR43
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2502-3
– volume: 24
  start-page: 462
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR8
  publication-title: Emerg. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.3201/eid2403.171723
– volume: 364
  start-page: 438
  year: 2004
  ident: 85913_CR22
  publication-title: Lancet
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16767-6
– volume: 528
  start-page: S86
  year: 2015
  ident: 85913_CR16
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature16039
– volume: 30
  start-page: 2114
  year: 2014
  ident: 85913_CR26
  publication-title: Bioinformatics
  doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu170
– volume: 216
  start-page: 36
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR10
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix347
– volume: 15
  start-page: 47
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR24
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-3137-8
– volume: 55
  start-page: 102757
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR51
  publication-title: EBioMedicine
  doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102757
– volume: 17
  start-page: 137
  year: 2018
  ident: 85913_CR13
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2287-4
– volume: 13
  start-page: 283
  year: 2014
  ident: 85913_CR4
  publication-title: Malar. J.
  doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-283
– volume: 52
  start-page: 565
  year: 1995
  ident: 85913_CR18
  publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
  doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.565
– volume: 98
  start-page: 558
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR5
  publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ.
  doi: 10.2471/BLT.20.250621
– volume: 219
  start-page: 437
  year: 2019
  ident: 85913_CR35
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy525
– volume: 15
  start-page: e0236369
  year: 2020
  ident: 85913_CR14
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236369
– volume: 12
  start-page: e0175771
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR37
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175771
– volume: 47
  start-page: 2418
  year: 2003
  ident: 85913_CR19
  publication-title: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
  doi: 10.1128/AAC.47.8.2418-2423.2003
– volume: 215
  start-page: 1156
  year: 2017
  ident: 85913_CR7
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix094
– volume: 20
  start-page: 1297
  year: 2010
  ident: 85913_CR29
  publication-title: Genome Res.
  doi: 10.1101/gr.107524.110
– volume: 43
  start-page: 770
  year: 2007
  ident: 85913_CR23
  publication-title: Biotechniques
  doi: 10.2144/000112631
SSID ssj0000529419
Score 2.4434347
Snippet The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing...
The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2. Increasing...
Abstract The majority of Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnoses in Africa are made using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that detect histidine-rich protein 2....
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 6495
SubjectTerms 631/326/417/2550
692/308/174
692/699/255/1629
Antigens
Diagnostic tests
Erythrocytes
Genomes
Genotyping
Histidine
Humanities and Social Sciences
Malaria
Microscopy
multidisciplinary
Parasites
Plasmodium falciparum
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Vector-borne diseases
Whole genome sequencing
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1La9wwEBYlUOilNH26SYsKvbUitiTL0jFNGkIPPZQGchN6pgtde7vrHJJfn5Hk3WT7vPS0YGkWMQ_mGzT6BqG3gNmDUF1LDHUt4a2jRDnpSBe4ZTYkyrTM9vlZnJ7xT-ft-Z1RX6knrNADF8UdCGWhpGhdB4mUe9NYyaJkABwsi7WRmQkUct6dYqqwelPFGzW9kqmZPFhBpkqvyWhDEmUbI9dbmSgT9v8OZf7aLPnTjWlORCeP0MMJQeLDcvJddC_0j9H9MlPy6gn6saYZwUPEEZwrkD5cZHpvvDSLmce-dNeBOAacOa4w4Fa8upovxiHzt-K5gXJ3ZvCsxwAP8XGYD26ZV76EQoud_jstHQ39xfAUnZ18_Hp0Sqa5CsRBuTISLlWQNL0obbxwtPaJ80yCVhvq4VdRVwvXtdS0DvCKFS6woJw3kUuRhNgztNMPfXiBMG09tVBysAg4IVJvo1GeG0ejDSFGVaFmrWPtJtLxNPviu86X30zqYhcNdtHZLvq6Qu82MotCufHX3R-S6TY7E112_gBOpCcn0v9yogrtrw2vpxheaQCHDNIBE12F3myWIfrSlYrpw3CZ9wDepDUXFXpe_GRzEsagFJQNSHdbHrR11O2VfvYtM3x3Sqb2pAq9X_va7bH-rIqX_0MVe-gBTUFSM0LpPtoZl5fhFeCu0b7OIXYDtekoJQ
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: ProQuest Health & Medical Collection
  dbid: 7X7
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwELagCIkL4k2gICNxA6uJ7ST2CUGhqjhwQFTam-X4sazEJttNemh_PTNOstXy6ClSbEdOZib-xjP-hpC3gNlDpeuSWe5KJkvHmXbKsTrIRjQBKdMS2-e36vRMfl2Ui2nDrZ_SKud_YvpR-87hHvkRLNUCjFNU9YfNOcOqURhdnUpo3CZ3kLoMU7rqRb3bY8Eoliz0dFYmF-qoh_UKz5TxgiFxm2BXe-tRou3_F9b8O2Xyj7hpWo5OHpD7E46kH0fBPyS3QvuI3B0rS14-Jucz2QjtIo2gYoG1YZlIvunWblae-jHHDoZTQJtDTwG90v5yvRm6xOJK1xac3pWlq5YCSKSfw7pz29TyPYzk2PhsbDru2mX3hJydfPlxfMqm6grMgdMyMKl0UBzPlRa-cjz3yHymohIF93DV3OWVq0tuSweopalcEEE7b6NUFQ4ST8lB27XhOaG89LwBx0NEQAuR-yZa7aV1PDYhxKgzUszf2LiJehwrYPwyKQQulBnlYkAuJsnFXGXk3W7MZiTeuLH3JxTdrieSZqcb3XZpJhs0lW7AOy1dDZhMels0MGElAIM2IuZWyYwczoI3kyX35lrvMvJm1ww2iIEV24buIvUB1MlzWWXk2agnu5kIAQ6hKmB0vadBe1Pdb2lXPxPPd60VJill5P2sa9fT-v-neHHzW7wk9ziqfy4Y54fkYNhehFeAq4bmdTKe327eIJ4
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
– databaseName: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  dbid: C6C
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1Lb9QwELZKERIXxJu0BRmJG1gktuPYR1ioKg4cEJV6s_xcVmKTZTc9tL-esfNACwWJU6R4Jhplxplv4vFnhF4BZg9CNTUx1NWE144S5aQjTeCW2ZAo0zLb52dxds4_XdQXB4hOe2Fy036mtMyf6ak77O0OEk3aDEYrkhjXGLm-hW4n6vYU1QuxmP-rpJUrXqlxf0zJ5A2qezkoU_XfhC__bJP8ba00p6DT--jeiB3xu8HaB-ggtA_RneE0yatH6MdEMIK7iCOEVSBtWGZib7w1m5XHfuirA3UMCLPfYUCseHe13vRdZm7FawOF7srgVYsBGOIPYd25bR75EgZC7PTsNLTo2mX3GJ2ffvy6OCPjiQrEQaHSEy5VkDTtJa28cLT0ie1MRskq6uGqqCuFa2pqagdIxQoXWFDOm8ilSErsCTpsuzY8Q5jWnlooNlgEhBCpt9Eoz42j0YYQoypQNb1j7Ua68XTqxXedl72Z1INfNPhFZ7_o6wK9nnU2A9nGP6XfJ9fNkokoO9_otks9Bo4WykJFWrsGcBj3prJgsGSAOy2LpZG8QCeT4_U4e3caYCGDRMBEU6CX8zDMu7SYYtrQXWYZQJq05KJAT4c4mS1hDIpAWYF2sxdBe6buj7Srb5nbu1EyNSYV6M0Ua7_M-vurOPo_8WN0l6bpUDJC6Qk67LeX4Tlgq96-yJPpJ7-RHwI
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
Title Analysis of false-negative rapid diagnostic tests for symptomatic malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-021-85913-z
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33753817
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2503538367
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2504352046
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7985209
https://doaj.org/article/69b1915c79934da1b83f83083b3f0a84
Volume 11
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3da9swED_6wWAvY9_z2gUN9rZpiyV_SA9jpFlLCayMboG8GVmWskBjp04KTf_6nWQ7I1s22JNB0hlZd8f9zpJ-B_AGMbtJZBpTxXRMo1gzKrXQNDVRznPjKNM82-dFcj6ORpN4sgdduaN2AZc7UztXT2pcX72_vV5_Qof_2FwZFx-WGITcRTEWUsfGxundPhxiZEqdo35p4X7D9c1kFMr27sxu0a345Gn8d2HPP49Q_raP6sPT2UN40OJKMmgM4RHsmfIx3GsqTa6fwHVHPkIqSyx-uqGlmXrSb1KrxawgRXPmDsUJos_VkiCaJcv1fLGqPKsrmStcqZkis5IgaCSfzbzSte-5NA1Ztnu36xpW5bR6CuOz0-_Dc9pWW6Aak5gVjYQ0grl7pmGRaNYvHBOasIKHrMCnZLqf6DRmKtaIYvJEG26kLpSNROKE-DM4KKvSvADC4oLlmIhwi-jBsiK3ShaR0szmxlgrAwi7Nc50S0XuKmJcZX5LnIus0UuGesm8XrK7AN5uZBYNEcc_R5841W1GOhJt31DV06z1ySyROWarsU4Ro0WFCnOcsOCISXNu-0pEARx3is86w8wQMnIMEjxJA3i96UafdBstqjTVjR-DKJT1oySA542dbGbCOSaIIkTpdMuCtqa63VPOfnje71QKd2gpgHedrf2a1t-X4uX_DT-C-8y5Q59Txo7hYFXfmFeIu1Z5D_bTSdqDw8Fg9G2Ez5PTi6-X2DpMhj3_L6Pn3e0n5D0ufw
linkProvider Scholars Portal
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1bb9MwFLZGJwQviDuBAUaCJ7CW2E7iPCDEburYqNC0SXvzHF9KJZp0bSfU_Sh-I8dO0qlc9ranSrUdOT7n-Hwnx_4OQm8Bs9usyFOiqE4JTzUlhRaa5JaXrLSeMi2wfQ6y_gn_cpqerqFf3V0Yf6yy2xPDRm1q7b-Rb4KrZmCcLMs_Tc6Jrxrls6tdCY1GLQ7s4ieEbLOP-zsg33eU7u0eb_dJW1WAaADrc8JFYQX19ykTk2kaG8_4JZxgCTXwW1AdZzpPqUo1eOsy05bZQhvluMj8IAbPvYXWOYNQpofWt3YH346WX3V83ownRXs7J2ZicwYe0t9iownxVHGMXK54wFAo4F_o9u9Dmn9kaoMD3LuP7rXIFX9uVO0BWrPVQ3S7qWW5eITOO3oTXDvsQKktqeww0IrjqZqMDDbNqT4YjgHfzmcY8DKeLcaTeR14Y_FYQZg9UnhUYYCleMeOaz0NLUe2oeP2z_ZN23U1rB-jkxtZ-SeoV9WVfYYwTQ0tIdRhDvCJo6Z0qjBcaepKa50rIpR0ayx1S3bua278kCHpzoRs5CJBLjLIRV5G6P1yzKSh-ri295YX3bKnp-kOf9TToWytXmZFCfFwqnNAgdyopIQJCwaot2QuVoJHaKMTvGz3jpm80vQIvVk2g9X7VI6qbH0R-gDOpTHPIvS00ZPlTBiDEFQkMDpf0aCVqa62VKPvgVk8L4Q_FhWhD52uXU3r_0vx_Pq3eI3u9I-_HsrD_cHBC3SXelOIGaF0A_Xm0wv7ElDdvHzVmhJGZzdtvb8BrkVc4Q
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1LbxMxEB6VIhAXxJuFAkaCE1jZtffhPSAEDVFLUYUQlXozXj9CJLKbJqlQ-tP4dYy9u6nCo7eeIsX2yuuZsb_ZGX8D8AIxu83LIqOK6YymmWa01ELTwqYVr6ynTAtsn4f53lH68Tg73oJf_V0Yn1bZ74lhozaN9t_IB3hUczROnhcD16VFfB6O3s5OqK8g5SOtfTmNVkUO7Oonum-LN_tDlPVLxkYfvu7u0a7CANUI3Jc0FaUVzN-tTEyuWWw8-5dwgifM4G_JdJzrImMq03hyV7m23JbaKJeK3A_i-NwrcLXgWeJtrDgu1t93fAQtTcrunk7MxWCBZ6W_z8YS6knjOD3bOAtDyYB_4dy_0zX_iNmGo3B0C252GJa8a5XuNmzZ-g5ca6taru7CSU90QhpHHKq3pbUdB4JxMleziSGmze_D4QSR7nJBEDmTxWo6WzaBQZZMFTrcE0UmNUGASoZ22uh5aPliW2Ju_2zftNvU4-YeHF3Kut-H7bqp7UMgLDOsQqeHO0QqjpnKqdKkSjNXWetcGUHSr7HUHe25r77xQ4bwOxeylYtEucggF3kWwav1mFlL-nFh7_dedOuenrA7_NHMx7Kzf5mXFXrGmS4QD6ZGJRVOWHDEvxV3sRJpBDu94GW3iyzkuc5H8HzdjPbvgzqqts1p6IOIl8VpHsGDVk_WM-EcnVGR4OhiQ4M2prrZUk--B47xohQ-QSqC172unU_r_0vx6OK3eAbX0Wblp_3Dg8dwg3lLiDllbAe2l_NT-wTh3bJ6GuyIwLfLNtzfHvZfsQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+false-negative+rapid+diagnostic+tests+for+symptomatic+malaria+in+the+Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.au=Parr%2C+Jonathan+B.&rft.au=Kieto%2C+Eddy&rft.au=Phanzu%2C+Fernandine&rft.au=Mansiangi%2C+Paul&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft.pub=Nature+Publishing+Group+UK&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41598-021-85913-z&rft.externalDocID=10_1038_s41598_021_85913_z
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon