Functional morphology of the blood–brain barrier in health and disease

• Published in: Acta neuropathologica Vol. 135; no. 3; pp. 311 - 336
• Main Authors: Liebner, Stefan, Dijkhuizen, Rick M., Reiss, Yvonne, Plate, Karl H., Agalliu, Dritan, Constantin, Gabriela
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.03.2018; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Angiopoietin; Animals; Astrocytes; Bioavailability; Blood vessels; Blood-brain barrier; Blood-Brain Barrier - cytology; Blood-Brain Barrier - diagnostic imaging; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Blood-Brain Barrier - pathology; Brain cancer; Brain research; Brain tumors; Central nervous system; Development and progression; Disease; Endothelial cells; Endothelium; Functional morphology; Humans; Inflammation; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Membrane permeability; Metastases; Microglia; Neuroimaging; Neurological diseases; Neurons; Neurophysiology; Neurosciences; Pathology; Pericytes; Permeability; Retinoic acid; Review; Reviews; Signal transduction; Stroke; Tumors; Wnt protein; β-Catenin; Neuroinflammation; Stroke; Brain tumour; Alzheimer’s disease; Steady state; Blood–brain barrier

The adult quiescent blood–brain barrier (BBB), a structure organised by endothelial cells through interactions with pericytes, astrocytes, neurons and microglia in the neurovascular unit, is highly regulated but fragile at the same time. In the past decade, there has been considerable progress in un...