Statistical analysis of nitrous oxide emission factors from pastoral agriculture field trials conducted in New Zealand

• Published in: Environmental pollution (1987) Vol. 186; pp. 63 - 66
• Main Authors: Kelliher, F.M., Cox, N., van der Weerden, T.J., de Klein, C.A.M., Luo, J., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J., Giltrap, D., Rys, G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Agriculture; Air Pollutants - analysis; Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data; Animals; Cattle; Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change; dairy cattle; Dung; Earth, ocean, space; emissions factor; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Exact sciences and technology; External geophysics; feces; Fertilizers - statistics & numerical data; field experimentation; Meteorology; New Zealand; nitrogen; Nitrogen - analysis; Nitrous oxide; Nitrous Oxide - analysis; Nitrous oxides; Pasture; Sheep; Soil; Soil - chemistry; Soils; statistical analysis; Statistics; Terrain; urea fertilizers; Ureas; Urine; New Zealand; PSE, New Zealand; Soil; Nitrous oxide; Agriculture; Pasture; Statistics; Australasia; Nitrogen compounds; greenhouse gas; agriculture; Emission inventory; Human activity; Maximum-likelihood fit; Emission measure; statistical analysis; Nitrogen protoxide; Anthropogenic factor
• ISSN: 0269-7491; 1873-6424; 1873-6424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.025

Between 11 May 2000 and 31 January 2013, 185 field trials were conducted across New Zealand to measure the direct nitrous oxide (N2O) emission factors (EF) from nitrogen (N) sources applied to pastoral soils. The log(EF) data were analysed statistically using a restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. To estimate mean EF values for each N source, best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) were calculated. For lowland soils, mean EFs for dairy cattle urine and dung, sheep urine and dung and urea fertiliser were 1.16 ± 0.19% and 0.23 ± 0.05%, 0.55 ± 0.19% and 0.08 ± 0.02% and 0.48 ± 0.13%, respectively, each significantly different from one another (p < 0.05), except for sheep urine and urea fertiliser. For soils in terrain with slopes >12°, mean EFs were significantly lower. Thus, urine and dung EFs should be disaggregated for sheep and cattle as well as accounting for terrain. •Nitrous oxide emission factors (EFs) for pastoral soils measured in 185 field trials.•For lowland, the mean (±standard error) urea nitrogen fertiliser EF was 0.5 ± 0.1%.•For lowland, mean dairy cattle urine and dung EFs were 1.2 and 0.2%, respectively.•For lowland, mean sheep urine and dung EFs were 0.6 and 0.1%, respectively.•For pastoral soils in terrain with slopes >12°, mean EFs were significantly lower. From 185 field trials, mean nitrous oxide emission factors for pastoral soils were 0.1% for sheep dung up to 1.2% for dairy cattle urine, while that for urea fertiliser was 0.5%.