Phase transitioned nuclear Oskar promotes cell division of Drosophila primordial germ cells

Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two...

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Published ineLife Vol. 7
Main Authors Kistler, Kathryn E, Trcek, Tatjana, Hurd, Thomas R, Chen, Ruoyu, Liang, Feng-Xia, Sall, Joseph, Kato, Masato, Lehmann, Ruth
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England eLife Science Publications, Ltd 27.09.2018
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Subjects
Animals
Biology
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Biology
Cell cycle
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell division
Cell Division - genetics
Cell fate
Cell Nucleus - genetics
Clonal deletion
Cytoplasmic Granules - genetics
Displays (Marketing)
Drosophila
Drosophila melanogaster - genetics
Drosophila melanogaster - growth & development
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Eggs
Embryo
Embryonic development
Embryonic Development - genetics
Embryos
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Gene regulation
Genes
Genetic regulation
Germ cells
Germ Cells - growth & development
Germ Cells - metabolism
germ granules
Granule cells
Hydrogels
Insects
Localization
mebraneless RNP granules
Microscopy
Oskar protein
phase transition
Phase transitions
Post-transcription
Proteins
Statistical analysis
Synergism
Transcription (Genetics)
New York
United States > US
Oskar protein
cell biology
germ granules
mebraneless RNP granules
phase transition
D. melanogaster
germ cells
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Abstract Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar’s nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.
AbstractList Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar's nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar's nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.
Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar’s nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.
Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar's nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.
Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. Focusing on nuclear granules, we find that Oskar drives their formation in heterologous cell systems. Multiple, independent Oskar protein domains synergize to promote granule phase separation. Deletion of Oskar’s nuclear localization sequence specifically ablates nuclear granules in cell systems. In the embryo, nuclear germ granules promote germ cell divisions thereby increasing PGC number for the next generation.
Audience Academic
Author Kato, Masato
Liang, Feng-Xia
Hurd, Thomas R
Kistler, Kathryn E
Lehmann, Ruth
Trcek, Tatjana
Chen, Ruoyu
Sall, Joseph
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  surname: Lehmann
  fullname: Lehmann, Ruth
  organization: Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States, Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States
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Keywords Oskar protein
cell biology
germ granules
mebraneless RNP granules
phase transition
D. melanogaster
germ cells
Language English
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2018, Kistler et al.
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Snippet Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate...
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SourceType Open Website
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SubjectTerms Animals
Biology
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Biology
Cell cycle
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell division
Cell Division - genetics
Cell fate
Cell Nucleus - genetics
Clonal deletion
Cytoplasmic Granules - genetics
Displays (Marketing)
Drosophila
Drosophila melanogaster - genetics
Drosophila melanogaster - growth & development
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Eggs
Embryo
Embryonic development
Embryonic Development - genetics
Embryos
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Gene regulation
Genes
Genetic regulation
Germ cells
Germ Cells - growth & development
Germ Cells - metabolism
germ granules
Granule cells
Hydrogels
Insects
Localization
mebraneless RNP granules
Microscopy
Oskar protein
phase transition
Phase transitions
Post-transcription
Proteins
Statistical analysis
Synergism
Transcription (Genetics)
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Title Phase transitioned nuclear Oskar promotes cell division of Drosophila primordial germ cells
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30260314
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2127571088
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2113265642
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6191285
https://doaj.org/article/7854bf4779164afcaf0f3af2070aecb2
Volume 7
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