Radiosensitivity enhancement of radioresistant glioblastoma by epidermal growth factor receptor antibody-conjugated iron-oxide nanoparticles

• Published in: Journal of neuro-oncology Vol. 124; no. 1; pp. 13 - 22
• Main Authors: Bouras, Alexandros, Kaluzova, Milota, Hadjipanayis, Costas G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.08.2015; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage; Apoptosis - drug effects; Brain Neoplasms - drug therapy; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Brain Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Cell Line, Tumor; Cetuximab - administration & dosage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Drug Delivery Systems; Ferric Compounds - chemistry; Glioblastoma - drug therapy; Glioblastoma - pathology; Glioblastoma - radiotherapy; Humans; Laboratory Investigation; Magnetite Nanoparticles - chemistry; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mice; Neurology; Oncology; Radiation Tolerance; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor - administration & dosage; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor - immunology; Ionizing radiation; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Convection-enhanced delivery; Magnetic resonance imaging; Epidermal growth factor receptor; Glioblastoma
• DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-1807-0
• ISSN: 0167-594X

The epidermal growth factor receptor deletion variant EGFRvIII is known to be expressed in a subset of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) tumors that enhances tumorigenicity and also accounts for radiation and chemotherapy resistance. Targeting the EGFRvIII deletion mutant may lead to improved GBM therapy and better patient prognosis. Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles serve as a potential clinical tool that can provide cancer cell targeted drug delivery, imaging, and therapy. Our previous studies have shown that an EGFRvIII-specific antibody and cetuximab (an EGFR- and EGFRvIII-specific antibody), when bioconjugated to IONPs (EGFRvIII-IONPs or cetuximab-IONPs respectively), can simultaneously provide sensitive cancer cell detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and targeted therapy of experimental GBM. In this study, we investigated whether cetuximab-IONPs can additionally allow for the radiosensitivity enhancement of GBM. Cetuximab-IONPs were used in combination with single (10 Gy × 1) or multiple fractions (10 Gy × 2) of ionizing radiation (IR) for radiosensitization of EGFRvIII-overexpressing human GBM cells in vitro and in vivo after convection-enhanced delivery (CED). A significant GBM antitumor effect was observed in vitro after treatment with cetuximab-IONPs and subsequent single or fractionated IR. A significant increase in overall survival of nude mice implanted with human GBM xenografts was found after treatment by cetuximab-IONP CED and subsequent fractionated IR. Increased DNA double strands breaks (DSBs), as well as increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, were felt to represent the mediators of the observed radiosensitization effect with the combination therapy of IR and cetuximab-IONPs treatment.