The acute effects of mental arithmetic, cold pressor and maximal voluntary contraction on arterial stiffness in young healthy subjects
Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental ari...
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| Published in | Artery research Vol. 8; no. 2; pp. 44 - 50 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Dordrecht
Elsevier B.V
01.06.2014
Springer Netherlands Springer Nature B.V BMC |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1872-9312 1876-4401 1876-4401 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.artres.2014.02.002 |
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| Abstract | Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described.
Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7).
During MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% (P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% (P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% (P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% (P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% (P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant (P < 0.01).
MAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. |
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| AbstractList | Background: Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Methods: Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7). Results: During MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% (P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% (P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% (P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% (P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% (P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant (P < 0.01). Conclusions: MAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. Background Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Methods : Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7). Results During MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% ( P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% ( P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% ( P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% ( P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% ( P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant ( P < 0.01). Conclusions MAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. Abstract Background Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Methods Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7). Results During MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% ( P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% ( P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% ( P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% ( P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% ( P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant ( P < 0.01). Conclusions MAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. BackgroundMental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Methods: Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7).ResultsDuring MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% (P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% (P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% (P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% (P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% (P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant (P < 0.01).ConclusionsMAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well described. Twenty-three young healthy subjects (14 female/9 males), aged 18–30 years (23 ± 3 years), underwent mental arithmetic stress (mental arithmetic test [MAT]), cold presser test (CPT) and dynamic exercise (30% of maximal voluntary contraction [30% MVC]). Blood pressure and indices of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV; m/sec) and augmentation index (AIx; %) were measured at baseline, during the intervention (MAT, CPT and 30% MVC), and at 5 min and 10 min after the end of the intervention on separate days within a 3-week period. All values are given as means and standard deviations; statistical analysis was carried out using JMP software (Version 7). During MAT, CPT and 30% MVC there were respective increases in heart rate (HR/min) 27%, 16% and 10% (P < 0.001); systolic BP 16%, 17% and 12% (P < 0.01); diastolic BP 15%, 23% and 15% (P < 0.01); AIx 13%, 29% and 30% (P < 0.05); and PWV 14%, 12% and 16% (P < 0.01). When the model was corrected for HR, systolic BP and diastolic BP the changes both in PWV and AIx remained significant (P < 0.01). MAT, CPT and 30% MVC each increase the indices of arterial stiffness independently of HR and baseline blood pressure levels. |
| Author | Kyvelou, Stella-Maria Feely, John Jatoi, Noor-Ahmed |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Noor-Ahmed surname: Jatoi fullname: Jatoi, Noor-Ahmed email: jatoina@hotmail.com organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacology/Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, & King Fahd University Hospital, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia – sequence: 2 givenname: Stella-Maria surname: Kyvelou fullname: Kyvelou, Stella-Maria organization: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland Galway & Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland – sequence: 3 givenname: John surname: Feely fullname: Feely, John organization: Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Trinity Center for Health Sciences & Hypertension Clinic, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland |
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| Copyright | 2014 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved 2014 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved 2014. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
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| Snippet | Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well... Abstract Background Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness... Background Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not... BackgroundMental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not... Background: Mental stress, dynamic exercise and cold pressor stimulation all increase blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on arterial stiffness are not... |
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| SubjectTerms | Augmentation index Blood pressure Cardiovascular Cold pressor Dynamic exercise Mental stress Pulse wave velocity Research Article |
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| Title | The acute effects of mental arithmetic, cold pressor and maximal voluntary contraction on arterial stiffness in young healthy subjects |
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