Association of gut microbiota with the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in people living with HIV

People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitali...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inBMC microbiology Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 6 - 17
Main Authors Ishizaka, Aya, Koga, Michiko, Mizutani, Taketoshi, Yamayoshi, Seiya, Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko, Adachi, Eisuke, Suzuki, Yutaka, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 03.01.2024
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Age
Bacteria
Care and treatment
CD4 antigen
Colitis
Comparative analysis
Complications
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
Development and progression
Digestive system
Dysbacteriosis
Dysbiosis
Enteritis
Fatty acids
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal tract
Gut microbiota
Health aspects
Hepatitis A
HIV
HIV (Viruses)
HIV Infections - complications
HIV patients
Homeostasis
Hospitals
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Long COVID
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Opportunist infection
Pathogenesis
Patients
Physiological aspects
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Respiratory diseases
RNA
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
rRNA 16S
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
T cells
Viral diseases
Japan
COVID-19
Microbiota
SARS-CoV-2
HIV
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
AbstractList People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/[micro]l, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
Background People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. Result The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/[micro]l, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Conclusion The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, HIV, Microbiota, Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
BackgroundPeople living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity.ResultThe 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).ConclusionThe changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity.BACKGROUNDPeople living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity.The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).RESULTThe 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.CONCLUSIONThe changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. Result The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Conclusion The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
ArticleNumber 6
Audience Academic
Author Ishizaka, Aya
Koga, Michiko
Suzuki, Yutaka
Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi
Adachi, Eisuke
Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko
Yamayoshi, Seiya
Mizutani, Taketoshi
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Aya
  surname: Ishizaka
  fullname: Ishizaka, Aya
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Michiko
  surname: Koga
  fullname: Koga, Michiko
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Taketoshi
  surname: Mizutani
  fullname: Mizutani, Taketoshi
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Seiya
  surname: Yamayoshi
  fullname: Yamayoshi, Seiya
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Kiyoko
  surname: Iwatsuki-Horimoto
  fullname: Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Eisuke
  surname: Adachi
  fullname: Adachi, Eisuke
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Yutaka
  surname: Suzuki
  fullname: Suzuki, Yutaka
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Yoshihiro
  surname: Kawaoka
  fullname: Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Hiroshi
  surname: Yotsuyanagi
  fullname: Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38172680$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kl1v0zAYhSM0xD7gD3CBInEDFxn-SmxfoaoCVmkS0gq7tRznTeoqtUvsDPbv5zajWieELMuW_Zxj-_U5z06cd5BlbzG6xFhUnwImoqoKRGiBKC55Ub7IzjDjuCBYoJMn89PsPIQ1QpgLyl9lp1RgTiqBzjKYheCN1dF6l_s278aYb6wZfG191PlvG1d5XEG-1XHlO3AQbNhxy9nNspj724LkC9eC2euty7fgtz3kvb2zrpvkV4vb19nLVvcB3jyOF9nPr19-zK-K6-_fFvPZdWFKKWJhWk0YJi0QQ0WjmcayZq0pm9RrWjNdCqZNbWgDspYlFhRqSmqoOSsxQUAvssXk23i9VtvBbvRwr7y2ar_gh07pIVrTg-K8wdAYRqXUjGApiGmESPUEQ1nJdfL6PHltx3qTSHBx0P2R6fGOsyvV-TuFEa8oFiI5fHh0GPyvEUJUGxsM9L124MegiMQISywlTej7Z-jaj4NLtdpRjAi2-7oD1en0Autanw42O1M141wQJFnFE3X5Dyq1BtLPpgi1Nq0fCT4eCRIT4U_s9BiCWixvjtl3T6tyKMffRCWATEDKUAgDtAcEI7WLrZpiq1Js1T62qkwi8UxkbNxnMl3d9v-TPgBhE-7c
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1186_s12866_024_03431_0
crossref_primary_10_1080_19490976_2025_2457495
crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_00998_24
crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_ado2106
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41231_024_00187_7
crossref_primary_10_2478_prolas_2024_0037
Cites_doi 10.7448/IAS.20.1.21526
10.1038/nm1511
10.1093/cid/ciaa1605
10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30164-8
10.1128/JCM.02926-14
10.1038/mi.2016.97
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02114
10.5888/pcd18.210123
10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00097-2
10.1093/cid/cir627
10.1038/ni.3400
10.1038/s41467-022-34260-2
10.1177/0956462420973106
10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.055
10.1128/Spectrum.00708-21
10.3390/v14030493
10.1093/cid/ciaa709
10.1038/nature12721
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009442
10.1111/hiv.13174
10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.027
10.1186/s40001-022-00824-7
10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.023
10.1038/nature12726
10.1038/s41598-020-76474-8
10.1128/spectrum.01926-22
10.1186/s12985-023-02113-z
10.1186/s40168-018-0580-7
10.1056/NEJMcp2009249
10.1093/infdis/jit025
10.1038/s41587-020-0548-6
10.1038/s41598-020-59937-w
10.1038/s41587-019-0209-9
10.1007/s40121-022-00654-4
10.1038/nmeth.3869
10.1038/s41392-023-01445-0
10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7
10.1016/j.chom.2021.11.001
10.1093/nar/gks808
10.1007/s11904-022-00618-w
10.1177/17562848221118403
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.019
10.7189/jogh.12.05036
10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30305-2
10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323020
10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.016
10.1016/j.gtc.2010.12.009
10.1093/nar/28.1.27
10.1172/JCI72330
10.1097/QAD.0000000000003132
10.3390/v13102101
10.1002/eji.202250163
10.1186/s13098-018-0312-y
10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.01.032
10.1093/cid/ciaa635
10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-r60
10.1038/s41467-020-16222-8
10.1038/s41467-020-18262-6
10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325989
10.1007/978-3-319-49688-7_4
10.1128/spectrum.01689-21
10.1186/s12866-020-02074-1
10.1097/MIB.0000000000000972
10.3390/v14050950
10.3389/fimmu.2020.00827
10.3201/eid2710.211461
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2023. The Author(s).
COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd.
2024. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
The Author(s) 2023
Copyright_xml – notice: 2023. The Author(s).
– notice: COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd.
– notice: 2024. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: The Author(s) 2023
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
ISR
3V.
7QL
7T7
7U9
7X7
7XB
88E
8FD
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
C1K
CCPQU
COVID
DWQXO
FR3
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
H94
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M7N
M7P
P64
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1186/s12866-023-03157-5
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
Gale In Context: Science
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Central Korea
Engineering Research Database
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Biological Science Database
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
Technology Research Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
Virology and AIDS Abstracts
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList


MEDLINE
Publicly Available Content Database
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 1471-2180
EndPage 17
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_77d1edc4399a421982cd88866ec3457a
PMC10763188
A778209467
38172680
10_1186_s12866_023_03157_5
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GeographicLocations Japan
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Japan
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
  grantid: 223fa627001h0001
– fundername: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  grantid: 21K11592
– fundername: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
  grantid: JP22wm0125002, JP223fa627001,
– fundername: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  grantid: 22K20926
– fundername: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
  grantid: JP233fa627001
– fundername: Moonshot Research and Development Program
  grantid: JPMJMS2025
– fundername: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  grantid: 21K07314
– fundername: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  grantid: 21HB2005
GroupedDBID ---
0R~
23N
2WC
53G
5VS
6J9
7X7
88E
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
A8Z
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AASML
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIHN
ACPRK
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
ADUKV
AEAQA
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AFPKN
AFRAH
AHBYD
AHMBA
AHYZX
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMKLP
AMTXH
AOIJS
BAPOH
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BFQNJ
BHPHI
BMC
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
CITATION
CS3
DIK
DU5
E3Z
EAD
EAP
EAS
EBD
EBLON
EBS
EMB
EMK
EMOBN
ESX
F5P
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
IGS
IHR
INH
INR
ISR
ITC
KQ8
LK5
LK8
M1P
M48
M7P
M7R
MM.
M~E
O5R
O5S
OK1
OVT
P2P
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RBZ
RNS
ROL
RPM
RSV
SBL
SOJ
SV3
TR2
TUS
UKHRP
W2D
WOQ
WOW
XSB
~02
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
PMFND
3V.
7QL
7T7
7U9
7XB
8FD
8FK
AZQEC
C1K
COVID
DWQXO
FR3
GNUQQ
H94
K9.
M7N
P64
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c598t-cfa2412fe2c38da4a19b4fc5dfc5b3b4a584acbc3de9b95183eb32beb745120e3
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 1471-2180
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:29:29 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:42:25 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 06:12:37 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 09:19:04 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 17 22:25:44 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 10 21:18:37 EDT 2025
Fri Jun 27 06:12:38 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 01:48:42 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 04:31:44 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 23:01:23 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords COVID-19
Microbiota
SARS-CoV-2
HIV
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Language English
License 2023. The Author(s).
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c598t-cfa2412fe2c38da4a19b4fc5dfc5b3b4a584acbc3de9b95183eb32beb745120e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/2914284178?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 38172680
PQID 2914284178
PQPubID 42585
PageCount 17
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_77d1edc4399a421982cd88866ec3457a
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10763188
proquest_miscellaneous_2910191993
proquest_journals_2914284178
gale_infotracmisc_A778209467
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A778209467
gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A778209467
pubmed_primary_38172680
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12866_023_03157_5
crossref_citationtrail_10_1186_s12866_023_03157_5
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2024-01-03
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2024-01-03
PublicationDate_xml – month: 01
  year: 2024
  text: 2024-01-03
  day: 03
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace England
PublicationPlace_xml – name: England
– name: London
PublicationTitle BMC microbiology
PublicationTitleAlternate BMC Microbiol
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher BioMed Central Ltd
BioMed Central
BMC
Publisher_xml – name: BioMed Central Ltd
– name: BioMed Central
– name: BMC
References D Zheng (3157_CR16) 2020; 30
A Kaul (3157_CR65) 2017; 8
G Favara (3157_CR12) 2022; 12
I Vujkovic-Cvijin (3157_CR27) 2020; 11
B Diao (3157_CR37) 2020; 11
S Gu (3157_CR39) 2020; 71
M Alexander (3157_CR46) 2022; 30
H Seong (3157_CR17) 2023; 8
P Villoslada-Blanco (3157_CR57) 2022; 11
K Bhaskaran (3157_CR4) 2021; 8
CF Kelley (3157_CR25) 2017; 10
EM Quigley (3157_CR50) 2011; 40
ME Ceballos (3157_CR6) 2021; 32
AM Geretti (3157_CR5) 2021; 73
A Choudhury (3157_CR35) 2022; 15
W Yang (3157_CR51) 2020; 11
C Quast (3157_CR63) 2013; 41
K Takeshita (3157_CR41) 2016; 22
MR Stutz (3157_CR48) 2022; 13
A Ishizaka (3157_CR20) 2021; 9
T Zuo (3157_CR40) 2021; 70
G Mendez-Lagares (3157_CR31) 2013; 207
ND Mathewson (3157_CR42) 2016; 17
DD Bosho (3157_CR30) 2018; 10
M Kanehisa (3157_CR67) 2000; 28
S SeyedAlinaghi (3157_CR14) 2022; 27
K Nganou-Makamdop (3157_CR23) 2021; 184
T Mizutani (3157_CR32) 2022; 10
Y Sekido (3157_CR53) 2020; 10
N Shalev (3157_CR9) 2020; 71
E Bolyen (3157_CR61) 2019; 37
S Bertagnolio (3157_CR7) 2022; 9
A Bachelard (3157_CR11) 2022; 122
N Arpaia (3157_CR44) 2013; 504
JJ Taitz (3157_CR56) 2023; 53
L Kompaniyets (3157_CR1) 2021; 18
BJ Callahan (3157_CR62) 2016; 13
F Pedregosa (3157_CR64) 2011; 12
GM Douglas (3157_CR66) 2020; 38
N Segata (3157_CR68) 2011; 12
P Vizcarra (3157_CR10) 2020; 7
A Ishizaka (3157_CR29) 2021; 13
BJ Gardiner (3157_CR47) 2015; 53
MJ Villanueva-Millan (3157_CR58) 2017; 20
JM Brenchley (3157_CR19) 2006; 12
AJS Armstrong (3157_CR24) 2018; 6
I Al Kassaa (3157_CR49) 2017
J Del Amo (3157_CR15) 2022; 36
MH Kim (3157_CR36) 2020; 10
T Mizutani (3157_CR21) 2022; 14
RT Gandhi (3157_CR59) 2020; 383
G Guaraldi (3157_CR2) 2011; 53
MA Spinelli (3157_CR3) 2022; 19
SR Dalal (3157_CR52) 2014; 124
A Cattaneo (3157_CR54) 2017; 49
Y Furusawa (3157_CR45) 2013; 504
A Klindworth (3157_CR60) 2013; 41
F De Vadder (3157_CR43) 2014; 156
YK Yeoh (3157_CR33) 2021; 70
Y Xie (3157_CR22) 2021; 21
SA Hoffman (3157_CR13) 2021; 27
A Ishizaka (3157_CR18) 2023; 20
M Mazzitelli (3157_CR38) 2022; 14
M Noguera-Julian (3157_CR26) 2016; 5
J Alzahrani (3157_CR28) 2019; 46
Q Liu (3157_CR34) 2022; 71
MJ Lee (3157_CR8) 2022; 23
S Li (3157_CR55) 2022; 10
H Mallick (3157_CR69) 2021; 17
References_xml – volume: 20
  start-page: 21526
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 3157_CR58
  publication-title: J Int AIDS Soc
  doi: 10.7448/IAS.20.1.21526
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1365
  issue: 12
  year: 2006
  ident: 3157_CR19
  publication-title: Nat Med
  doi: 10.1038/nm1511
– volume: 73
  start-page: e2095
  issue: 7
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR5
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1605
– volume: 7
  start-page: e554
  issue: 8
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR10
  publication-title: Lancet HIV
  doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30164-8
– volume: 53
  start-page: 626
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: 3157_CR47
  publication-title: J Clin Microbiol
  doi: 10.1128/JCM.02926-14
– volume: 10
  start-page: 996
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 3157_CR25
  publication-title: Mucosal Immunol
  doi: 10.1038/mi.2016.97
– volume: 8
  start-page: 2114
  year: 2017
  ident: 3157_CR65
  publication-title: Front Microbiol
  doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02114
– volume: 18
  start-page: E66
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR1
  publication-title: Prev Chronic Dis
  doi: 10.5888/pcd18.210123
– volume: 9
  start-page: e486
  issue: 7
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR7
  publication-title: Lancet HIV
  doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00097-2
– volume: 12
  start-page: 2825
  year: 2011
  ident: 3157_CR64
  publication-title: JMLR
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1120
  issue: 11
  year: 2011
  ident: 3157_CR2
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/cir627
– volume: 17
  start-page: 505
  issue: 5
  year: 2016
  ident: 3157_CR42
  publication-title: Nat Immunol
  doi: 10.1038/ni.3400
– volume: 13
  start-page: 6615
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR48
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34260-2
– volume: 32
  start-page: 435
  issue: 5
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR6
  publication-title: Int J STD AIDS
  doi: 10.1177/0956462420973106
– volume: 122
  start-page: 152
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR11
  publication-title: Int J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.055
– volume: 9
  start-page: e0070821
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR20
  publication-title: Microbiol Spectr
  doi: 10.1128/Spectrum.00708-21
– volume: 14
  start-page: 493
  issue: 3
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR38
  publication-title: Viruses
  doi: 10.3390/v14030493
– volume: 71
  start-page: 2669
  issue: 10
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR39
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa709
– volume: 504
  start-page: 446
  issue: 7480
  year: 2013
  ident: 3157_CR45
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature12721
– volume: 17
  start-page: e1009442
  issue: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR69
  publication-title: PLoS Comput Biol
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009442
– volume: 23
  start-page: 121
  issue: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR8
  publication-title: HIV Med
  doi: 10.1111/hiv.13174
– volume: 46
  start-page: 522
  year: 2019
  ident: 3157_CR28
  publication-title: EBioMedicine
  doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.027
– volume: 27
  start-page: 195
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR14
  publication-title: Eur J Med Res
  doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00824-7
– volume: 184
  start-page: 3899
  issue: 15
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR23
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.023
– volume: 504
  start-page: 451
  issue: 7480
  year: 2013
  ident: 3157_CR44
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature12726
– volume: 10
  start-page: 19417
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR36
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76474-8
– volume: 10
  start-page: e0192622
  issue: 6
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR55
  publication-title: Microbiol Spectr
  doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01926-22
– volume: 20
  start-page: 146
  issue: 1
  year: 2023
  ident: 3157_CR18
  publication-title: Virol J
  doi: 10.1186/s12985-023-02113-z
– volume: 6
  start-page: 198
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 3157_CR24
  publication-title: Microbiome
  doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0580-7
– volume: 383
  start-page: 1757
  issue: 18
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR59
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp2009249
– volume: 207
  start-page: 1221
  issue: 8
  year: 2013
  ident: 3157_CR31
  publication-title: J Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit025
– volume: 38
  start-page: 685
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR66
  publication-title: Nat Biotechnol
  doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-0548-6
– volume: 10
  start-page: 2988
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR53
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59937-w
– volume: 37
  start-page: 852
  issue: 8
  year: 2019
  ident: 3157_CR61
  publication-title: Nat Biotechnol
  doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0209-9
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1541
  issue: 4
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR57
  publication-title: Infect Dis Ther
  doi: 10.1007/s40121-022-00654-4
– volume: 13
  start-page: 581
  issue: 7
  year: 2016
  ident: 3157_CR62
  publication-title: Nat Methods
  doi: 10.1038/nmeth.3869
– volume: 8
  start-page: 178
  issue: 1
  year: 2023
  ident: 3157_CR17
  publication-title: Signal Transduct Target Ther
  doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01445-0
– volume: 41
  start-page: D590
  issue: Database issue
  year: 2013
  ident: 3157_CR63
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res
– volume: 30
  start-page: 492
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR16
  publication-title: Cell Res
  doi: 10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7
– volume: 30
  start-page: 17
  issue: 1
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR46
  publication-title: Cell Host Microbe
  doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.11.001
– volume: 41
  start-page: e1
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: 3157_CR60
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res
  doi: 10.1093/nar/gks808
– volume: 19
  start-page: 425
  issue: 5
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR3
  publication-title: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep
  doi: 10.1007/s11904-022-00618-w
– volume: 15
  start-page: 175628482211184
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR35
  publication-title: Therap Adv Gastroenterol
  doi: 10.1177/17562848221118403
– volume: 49
  start-page: 60
  year: 2017
  ident: 3157_CR54
  publication-title: Neurobiol Aging
  doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.019
– volume: 12
  start-page: 05036
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR12
  publication-title: J Glob Health
  doi: 10.7189/jogh.12.05036
– volume: 8
  start-page: e24
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR4
  publication-title: Lancet HIV
  doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30305-2
– volume: 70
  start-page: 698
  issue: 4
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR33
  publication-title: Gut
  doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323020
– volume: 156
  start-page: 84
  issue: 1–2
  year: 2014
  ident: 3157_CR43
  publication-title: Cell
  doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.016
– volume: 40
  start-page: 207
  issue: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: 3157_CR50
  publication-title: Gastroenterol Clin
  doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2010.12.009
– volume: 28
  start-page: 27
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 3157_CR67
  publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res
  doi: 10.1093/nar/28.1.27
– volume: 124
  start-page: 4190
  issue: 10
  year: 2014
  ident: 3157_CR52
  publication-title: J Clin Invest
  doi: 10.1172/JCI72330
– volume: 36
  start-page: 161
  issue: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR15
  publication-title: AIDS
  doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003132
– volume: 13
  start-page: 2101
  issue: 10
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR29
  publication-title: Viruses
  doi: 10.3390/v13102101
– volume: 53
  start-page: e2250163
  year: 2023
  ident: 3157_CR56
  publication-title: Eur J Immunol.
  doi: 10.1002/eji.202250163
– volume: 70
  start-page: 276
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR40
  publication-title: Gut
– volume: 10
  start-page: 10
  year: 2018
  ident: 3157_CR30
  publication-title: Diabetol Metab Syndr
  doi: 10.1186/s13098-018-0312-y
– volume: 5
  start-page: 135
  year: 2016
  ident: 3157_CR26
  publication-title: EBioMedicine
  doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.01.032
– volume: 71
  start-page: 2294
  issue: 16
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR9
  publication-title: Clin Infect Dis
  doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa635
– volume: 12
  start-page: R60
  issue: 6
  year: 2011
  ident: 3157_CR68
  publication-title: Genome Biol
  doi: 10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-r60
– volume: 11
  start-page: 2448
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR27
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16222-8
– volume: 11
  start-page: 4457
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR51
  publication-title: Nat Commun
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18262-6
– volume: 71
  start-page: 544
  issue: 3
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR34
  publication-title: Gut
  doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325989
– start-page: 83
  volume-title: New insights on antiviral probiotics: from research to applications
  year: 2017
  ident: 3157_CR49
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-49688-7_4
– volume: 10
  start-page: e0168921
  issue: 2
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR32
  publication-title: Microbiol Spectr
  doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01689-21
– volume: 21
  start-page: 11
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR22
  publication-title: BMC Microbiol
  doi: 10.1186/s12866-020-02074-1
– volume: 22
  start-page: 2802
  issue: 12
  year: 2016
  ident: 3157_CR41
  publication-title: Inflamm Bowel Dis
  doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000972
– volume: 14
  start-page: 950
  issue: 5
  year: 2022
  ident: 3157_CR21
  publication-title: Viruses
  doi: 10.3390/v14050950
– volume: 11
  start-page: 827
  year: 2020
  ident: 3157_CR37
  publication-title: Front Immunol
  doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00827
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2720
  issue: 10
  year: 2021
  ident: 3157_CR13
  publication-title: Emerg Infect Dis
  doi: 10.3201/eid2710.211461
SSID ssj0017837
Score 2.4387422
Snippet People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of...
Background People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the...
BackgroundPeople living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the...
Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity;...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 6
SubjectTerms Age
Bacteria
Care and treatment
CD4 antigen
Colitis
Comparative analysis
Complications
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
Development and progression
Digestive system
Dysbacteriosis
Dysbiosis
Enteritis
Fatty acids
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal tract
Gut microbiota
Health aspects
Hepatitis A
HIV
HIV (Viruses)
HIV Infections - complications
HIV patients
Homeostasis
Hospitals
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunology
Infections
Inflammation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Long COVID
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Opportunist infection
Pathogenesis
Patients
Physiological aspects
Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Respiratory diseases
RNA
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
rRNA 16S
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
T cells
Viral diseases
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3di9QwEA9yIPginp_VU6IIPki53SRN0sf18NgV9OHWO-4t5Ktr4a4V2324_96ZprtsEfTFh75sJtBOJjO_yU5-Q8j7YOUMnX-udAUJinJlbrmHnEeX1godCy7xgvPXb3J5Kb5cF9cHrb6wJizRAyfFnSoV5jF4hM1WwPbSzAfI2qSMnotCDdAIYt4umRr_P1CQd-2uyGh52oEXllhsy3PsaqDyYhKGBrb-P33yQVCaFkweRKDzR-ThCB3pIr3yMbkXm8fkfmomefeExANN07aim21Pb-vEs9RbigeuFNAexR7E7QZdXN2h3Hpxsc7P2quc0dVYmdXQuqGptpze1HjkkKYvV1dPyeX55-9ny3xsopD7otR97isLQZpVkXmugxV2XjpR-SLA47gTFhCI9c7zEEsHcEtzSK-Zi04JwAKzyJ-Ro6Zt4gtCtQheC-6qGObIKaO1YDbMnJahYEXlMjLf6dT4kWEcG13cmCHT0NKkdTCwDmZYB1Nk5ON-zs_Er_FX6U-4VHtJ5MYefgCLMaPFmH9ZTEbe4UIbZL9osLxmY7ddZ1brC7NQSB9YQvDIyIdRqGrhG7wdbyuAJpAwayJ5MpGE7emnwzt7MqN76AwrkehOgJlm5O1-GGdiyVsT2-0gA_Ab6ysz8jyZ3_67kVaRST3LiJ4Y5kQx05Gm_jGQh0O6L8GP65f_Q5WvyAMGIG84kuIn5Kj_tY2vAaT17s2wH38DcVQ2rQ
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  dbid: 7X7
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3Nb9MwFLdgCIkL4puMgQxC4oCiNbFjOydUJqYWCQ4rm3qz_JWu0kjG0h723_Ne4oZGSDvkUj9LiZ_9vvrz7xHy0RsxQeOfSlVBgiJtmRrmIOdRpTFchYIJvOD846eYnfPvy2IZC25thFXubGJnqH3jsEZ-nJfIDcYzqb5c_0mxaxT-uxpbaNwnD5C6DCFdcjkkXCDL5O6ijBLHLdhigZBblmJvA5kWI2fUcfb_b5n3XNMYNrnnh06fkMcxgKTTXuNPyb1QPyMP-5aSt89J2Ftv2lR0td3Q3-uebWljKJZdKcR8FDsRNys0dOsW5RbTs0V60lykOZ1HfFZN1zXtEeb0ao2Fh376bH7xgpyffvt1MktjK4XUFaXapK4y4KrzKuSOKW-4yUrLK1d4eCyz3EAcYpx1zIfSQtClGCTZuQ1WcogIJoG9JAd1U4fXhCruneLMVsFnyCyjFM-Nn1glfJEXlU1ItltT7SLPOLa7uNJdvqGE7vWgQQ-604MuEvJ5mHPds2zcKf0VVTVIIkN290Nzs9LxwGkpfQaqwnTLcDDLKncesn0hgmO8kCYhH1DRGjkwagTZrMy2bfV8caanEkkES3AhCfkUhaoGvsGZeGcBVgJps0aSRyNJOKRuPLzbTzoaiVb_29IJeT8M40wEvtWh2XYyEIQjyjIhr_rtN3w3kivmQk0SokYbc7Qw45F6fdlRiEPSL8Caq8O73-sNeZRDENeVnNgROdjcbMNbCMI29l130v4CDeQusA
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Association of gut microbiota with the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in people living with HIV
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38172680
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2914284178
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2910191993
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10763188
https://doaj.org/article/77d1edc4399a421982cd88866ec3457a
Volume 24
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3di9NAEF_uA8EX8fuiZ1lF8EGiSXaT3TyItMcdrXCHtPYoviy7m00N1ET7Ad5_70yS1gYP8aF96M4GMt-znf0NIa8znQTo_H0hcyhQhEl9zSzUPDLVmksXswQvOF9eJcMp_zSLZwdkO-6oZeDq1tIO50lNl4t3v37efASD_1AbvEzer8DHJthKy3ycWSD8-JAcQ2QSaKiX_M-_CkLWGJohOGQfQluwvURz6zM6garG8__ba--FrW5L5V6MurhP7rXJJe032vCAHLjyIbnTjJu8eUTcnixoldP5Zk2_Fw0S01pTPJKlkA9SnFJczdEJFiukm_THE_-suvYjOmp7t0palLTpPqeLAg8lmu3D0fVjMr04_3I29NsxC76NU7n2ba6BWVHuIstkprkOU8NzG2fwMcxwDTmKtsayzKUGEjLJoACPjDOCQ7YQOPaEHJVV6U4IlTyzkjOTuyxE1BkpeaSzwMgki6M4Nx4JtzxVtsUgx1EYC1XXIjJRjRwUyEHVclCxR97u9vxoEDj-ST1AUe0oET27_qFazlVrjEqILARRYSmmObhsGdlMSniSs4zHQnvkFQpaIT5GiQ04c71ZrdRoMlZ9gQCDKYQXj7xpifIK3sHq9j4DcAIhtTqUpx1KMGDbXd7qk9rqv4pShMIDHZYeeblbxp3YFFe6alPTQIKOHZgeedqo3-69EXgxSmTgEdlRzA5juitl8a2GFw8DiDmhlM_-hwvPyd0I0rz6UIqdkqP1cuNeQJq2Nj1yKGaiR44H51efx736sKNX2yN8jwdffwPhJjo_
linkProvider Scholars Portal
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdGJwQviG8CAwwC8YCiNbaTOA8IdWNTy7YKtdu0N2M7Tqk0krG0Qvun-Bu5y0dphLS3PeQlPkeJz77fnXP-HSHvUh310fj7scwgQIlN4mtuIeaRidZCupBHeMD5aBwNT8TXs_Bsg_xpz8JgWmVrEytDnRYW98i3WYLcYCKI5eeLXz5WjcK_q20JjXpaHLir3xCylZ9GX0C_7xnb3zveHfpNVQHfholc-DbTgFosc8xymWqhg8SIzIYpXIYboQGStTWWpy4x4H9IDvEmM87EAsCx7zg89xbZFBxCmR7Z3Nkbf5us_lvEEO-1R3NktF2C9Y8wyZf7WE0h9sMO_FVVAv7HgjUw7CZqriHf_n1yr3FZ6aCeYw_Ihssfktt1EcurR8StaZgWGZ0tF_TnvOZ3WmiKG70UvEyKtY-LGZrWeYly08Fk6u8Wpz6joyYjLKfznNY57fR8jlsddffh6PQxObmRYX5CenmRu2eESpFaKbjJXBogl42Ugum0b2SUhizMjEeCdkyVbZjNscDGuaoiHBmpWg8K9KAqPajQIx9XfS5qXo9rpXdQVStJ5OSubhSXM9UscRXHaQCqwgBPCwACyWwqJTzJWS7CWHvkLSpaIetGjmk9M70sSzWaTtQgRtrCBEDLIx8aoayAb7C6OSUBI4FEXR3JrY4kmAXbbW7nk2rMUqn-LSKPvFk1Y09MtctdsaxkwO3HvE6PPK2n3-q7kc6RRbLvEdmZmJ2B6bbk8x8VaXnQByQLpHx-_Xu9JneGx0eH6nA0PnhB7jJwIasNL75FeovLpXsJLuDCvGrWHSXfb3qp_wVbQG83
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Association+of+gut+microbiota+with+the+pathogenesis+of+SARS-CoV-2+Infection+in+people+living+with+HIV&rft.jtitle=BMC+microbiology&rft.au=Ishizaka%2C+Aya&rft.au=Koga%2C+Michiko&rft.au=Mizutani%2C+Taketoshi&rft.au=Yamayoshi%2C+Seiya&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft.pub=BioMed+Central+Ltd&rft.issn=1471-2180&rft.eissn=1471-2180&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12866-023-03157-5&rft.externalDBID=ISR&rft.externalDocID=A778209467
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1471-2180&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1471-2180&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1471-2180&client=summon