Winter storms accelerate the demise of sea ice in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean

A large retreat of sea-ice in the ‘stormy’ Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum sea-ice extent since 2015. Results from the Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition, a five-month-long (Jan-Jun) drifting ice station in f...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 9222 - 16
Main Authors Graham, Robert M., Itkin, Polona, Meyer, Amelie, Sundfjord, Arild, Spreen, Gunnar, Smedsrud, Lars H., Liston, Glen E., Cheng, Bin, Cohen, Lana, Divine, Dmitry, Fer, Ilker, Fransson, Agneta, Gerland, Sebastian, Haapala, Jari, Hudson, Stephen R., Johansson, A. Malin, King, Jennifer, Merkouriadi, Ioanna, Peterson, Algot K., Provost, Christine, Randelhoff, Achim, Rinke, Annette, Rösel, Anja, Sennéchael, Nathalie, Walden, Von P., Duarte, Pedro, Assmy, Philipp, Steen, Harald, Granskog, Mats A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 25.06.2019
Nature Publishing Group
Springer Nature
Subjects
704/106/125
704/106/35/823
704/106/829/2737
704/158/2446
704/47/4113
Atmosphere
Climatology
Earth Sciences
Ecosystems
Geofag: 450
Geosciences: 450
Glaciology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ice
Ice cover
Life span
Marine ecosystems
Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400
Mathematics and natural science: 400
multidisciplinary
Oceanography
Oceanography: 452
Oseanografi: 452
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sciences of the Universe
Sea ice
Snow
Snowpack
Storms
VDP
Winter
Arctic Ocean
Arctic region
Carbon cycle
Biooceanography
Cryospheric science
Atmospheric dynamics
Physical oceanography
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Abstract A large retreat of sea-ice in the ‘stormy’ Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum sea-ice extent since 2015. Results from the Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition, a five-month-long (Jan-Jun) drifting ice station in first and second year pack-ice north of Svalbard, showcase how sea-ice in this region is frequently affected by passing winter storms. Here we synthesise the interdisciplinary N-ICE2015 dataset, including independent observations of the atmosphere, snow, sea-ice, ocean, and ecosystem. We build upon recent results and illustrate the different mechanisms through which winter storms impact the coupled Arctic sea-ice system. These short-lived and episodic synoptic-scale events transport pulses of heat and moisture into the Arctic, which temporarily reduce radiative cooling and henceforth ice growth. Cumulative snowfall from each sequential storm deepens the snow pack and insulates the sea-ice, further inhibiting ice growth throughout the remaining winter season. Strong winds fracture the ice cover, enhance ocean-ice-atmosphere heat fluxes, and make the ice more susceptible to lateral melt. In conclusion, the legacy of Arctic winter storms for sea-ice and the ice-associated ecosystem in the Atlantic Sector lasts far beyond their short lifespan.
AbstractList A large retreat of sea-ice in the 'stormy' Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum sea-ice extent since 2015. Results from the Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition, a five-month-long (Jan-Jun) drifting ice station in first and second year pack-ice north of Svalbard, showcase how sea-ice in this region is frequently affected by passing winter storms. Here we synthesise the interdisciplinary N-ICE2015 dataset, including independent observations of the atmosphere, snow, sea-ice, ocean, and ecosystem. We build upon recent results and illustrate the different mechanisms through which winter storms impact the coupled Arctic sea-ice system. These short-lived and episodic synoptic-scale events transport pulses of heat and moisture into the Arctic, which temporarily reduce radiative cooling and henceforth ice growth. Cumulative snowfall from each sequential storm deepens the snow pack and insulates the sea-ice, further inhibiting ice growth throughout the remaining winter season. Strong winds fracture the ice cover, enhance ocean-ice-atmosphere heat fluxes, and make the ice more susceptible to lateral melt. In conclusion, the legacy of Arctic winter storms for sea-ice and the ice-associated ecosystem in the Atlantic Sector lasts far beyond their short lifespan.A large retreat of sea-ice in the 'stormy' Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum sea-ice extent since 2015. Results from the Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition, a five-month-long (Jan-Jun) drifting ice station in first and second year pack-ice north of Svalbard, showcase how sea-ice in this region is frequently affected by passing winter storms. Here we synthesise the interdisciplinary N-ICE2015 dataset, including independent observations of the atmosphere, snow, sea-ice, ocean, and ecosystem. We build upon recent results and illustrate the different mechanisms through which winter storms impact the coupled Arctic sea-ice system. These short-lived and episodic synoptic-scale events transport pulses of heat and moisture into the Arctic, which temporarily reduce radiative cooling and henceforth ice growth. Cumulative snowfall from each sequential storm deepens the snow pack and insulates the sea-ice, further inhibiting ice growth throughout the remaining winter season. Strong winds fracture the ice cover, enhance ocean-ice-atmosphere heat fluxes, and make the ice more susceptible to lateral melt. In conclusion, the legacy of Arctic winter storms for sea-ice and the ice-associated ecosystem in the Atlantic Sector lasts far beyond their short lifespan.
A large retreat of sea-ice in the ‘stormy’ Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum sea-ice extent since 2015. Results from the Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition, a five-month-long (Jan-Jun) drifting ice station in first and second year pack-ice north of Svalbard, showcase how sea-ice in this region is frequently affected by passing winter storms. Here we synthesise the interdisciplinary N-ICE2015 dataset, including independent observations of the atmosphere, snow, sea-ice, ocean, and ecosystem. We build upon recent results and illustrate the different mechanisms through which winter storms impact the coupled Arctic sea-ice system. These short-lived and episodic synoptic-scale events transport pulses of heat and moisture into the Arctic, which temporarily reduce radiative cooling and henceforth ice growth. Cumulative snowfall from each sequential storm deepens the snow pack and insulates the sea-ice, further inhibiting ice growth throughout the remaining winter season. Strong winds fracture the ice cover, enhance ocean-ice-atmosphere heat fluxes, and make the ice more susceptible to lateral melt. In conclusion, the legacy of Arctic winter storms for sea-ice and the ice-associated ecosystem in the Atlantic Sector lasts far beyond their short lifespan.
ArticleNumber 9222
Author Cohen, Lana
Rinke, Annette
Peterson, Algot K.
Sennéchael, Nathalie
Divine, Dmitry
Smedsrud, Lars H.
Haapala, Jari
Fransson, Agneta
King, Jennifer
Walden, Von P.
Meyer, Amelie
Fer, Ilker
Cheng, Bin
Merkouriadi, Ioanna
Johansson, A. Malin
Steen, Harald
Gerland, Sebastian
Hudson, Stephen R.
Granskog, Mats A.
Itkin, Polona
Provost, Christine
Randelhoff, Achim
Rösel, Anja
Assmy, Philipp
Sundfjord, Arild
Duarte, Pedro
Liston, Glen E.
Spreen, Gunnar
Graham, Robert M.
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31239470$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02183781$$DView record in HAL
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Issue 1
Keywords Carbon cycle
Biooceanography
Cryospheric science
Atmospheric dynamics
Physical oceanography
Language English
License Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Snippet A large retreat of sea-ice in the ‘stormy’ Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum...
A large retreat of sea-ice in the 'stormy' Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum...
A large retreat of sea-ice in the 'stormy' Atlantic sector of the Arctic ocean has become evident through a series of record minima for the winter maximum...
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704/158/2446
704/47/4113
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Climatology
Earth Sciences
Ecosystems
Geofag: 450
Geosciences: 450
Glaciology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ice
Ice cover
Life span
Marine ecosystems
Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400
Mathematics and natural science: 400
multidisciplinary
Oceanography
Oceanography: 452
Oseanografi: 452
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sciences of the Universe
Sea ice
Snow
Snowpack
Storms
VDP
Winter
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Title Winter storms accelerate the demise of sea ice in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-019-45574-5
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31239470
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http://hdl.handle.net/10037/16663
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02183781
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6592951
Volume 9
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