A genetic linkage map and improved genome assembly of the termite symbiont Termitomyces cryptogamus

The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may...

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Published inBMC genomics Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 123 - 16
Main Authors Vreeburg, Sabine M. E., Auxier, Ben, Jacobs, Bas, Bourke, Peter M., van den Heuvel, Joost, Zwaan, Bas J., Aanen, Duur K.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England BioMed Central Ltd 16.03.2023
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Analysis
Animals
Annotations
Assembly
Basidiomycete
Chromosomes
Complementarity
Fungi
Fungi - genetics
GBS
Gene mapping
Gene sequencing
Genetic aspects
Genetic crosses
Genetic Linkage
Genomes
Genomics
Genotyping
Health aspects
Isoptera - genetics
Isoptera - microbiology
Linkage (Genetics)
Mushrooms
Mutualism
Mutualistic symbiosis
Offspring
Polymorphism
Recombination
Species comparisons
Substrates
Symbiosis
Symbiosis - genetics
Taxonomy
Termites
Termitomyces
Termitomyces - genetics
Netherlands
Basidiomycete
GBS
Mutualistic symbiosis
Recombination
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Abstract The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect. To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle. Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi. The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
AbstractList Background The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect. Methods To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle. Results Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi. Conclusions The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate. Keywords: GBS, Recombination, Basidiomycete, Mutualistic symbiosis
BackgroundThe termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect.MethodsTo explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle.ResultsOur linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi.ConclusionsThe apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect. To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle. Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi. The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect.BACKGROUNDThe termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect.To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle.METHODSTo explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle.Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi.RESULTSOur linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi.The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.CONCLUSIONSThe apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
Abstract Background The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect. Methods To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle. Results Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi. Conclusions The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony the symbiotic association must be re-established with a new fungus partner. Complementarity in the ability to break down plant substrate may help to stabilize this symbiosis despite horizontal symbiont transmission. An alternative, non-exclusive, hypothesis is that a reduced rate of evolution may contribute to stabilize the symbiosis, the so-called Red King Effect. To explore this concept, we produced the first linkage map of a species of Termitomyces, using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of 88 homokaryotic offspring. We constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly using PacBio data and a de-novo evidence-based annotation. This improved genome assembly and linkage map allowed for examination of the recombination landscape and its potential effect on the mutualistic lifestyle. Our linkage map resulted in a genome-wide recombination rate of 22 cM/Mb, lower than that of other related fungi. However, the total map length of 1370 cM was similar to that of other related fungi. The apparently decreased rate of recombination is primarily due to genome expansion of islands of gene-poor repetitive sequences. This study highlights the importance of inclusion of genomic context in cross-species comparisons of recombination rate.
ArticleNumber 123
Audience Academic
Author van den Heuvel, Joost
Jacobs, Bas
Bourke, Peter M.
Vreeburg, Sabine M. E.
Aanen, Duur K.
Zwaan, Bas J.
Auxier, Ben
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Issue 1
Keywords Basidiomycete
GBS
Mutualistic symbiosis
Recombination
Language English
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SSID ssj0017825
Score 2.3992076
Snippet The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony...
The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each termite colony...
Background The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each...
BackgroundThe termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of each...
Abstract Background The termite-fungus symbiosis is an ancient stable mutualism of two partners that reproduce and disperse independently. With the founding of...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
gale
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 123
SubjectTerms Analysis
Animals
Annotations
Assembly
Basidiomycete
Chromosomes
Complementarity
Fungi
Fungi - genetics
GBS
Gene mapping
Gene sequencing
Genetic aspects
Genetic crosses
Genetic Linkage
Genomes
Genomics
Genotyping
Health aspects
Isoptera - genetics
Isoptera - microbiology
Linkage (Genetics)
Mushrooms
Mutualism
Mutualistic symbiosis
Offspring
Polymorphism
Recombination
Species comparisons
Substrates
Symbiosis
Symbiosis - genetics
Taxonomy
Termites
Termitomyces
Termitomyces - genetics
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Title A genetic linkage map and improved genome assembly of the termite symbiont Termitomyces cryptogamus
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36927388
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2788451645
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2788795999
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10021994
https://doaj.org/article/92bc5bf912f547239ea4d6dab3e04764
Volume 24
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