Detection and molecular analysis of Pseudorabies virus from free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus) in Italy - a case report
The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus ita...
Saved in:
| Published in | BMC veterinary research Vol. 20; no. 1; p. 9 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
BioMed Central Ltd
03.01.2024
BioMed Central BMC |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion.
Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, "a" and "b". The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4.
Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BACKGROUND: The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky’s disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion. CASE PRESENTATION: Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, “a” and “b”. The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4. CONCLUSION: Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. BackgroundThe only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky’s disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion.Case presentationThree wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten.The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs.All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, “a” and “b”. The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4.ConclusionResults showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. Abstract Background The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky’s disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion. Case presentation Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, “a” and “b”. The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4. Conclusion Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion.BACKGROUNDThe only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion.Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, "a" and "b". The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4.CASE PRESENTATIONThree wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, "a" and "b". The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4.Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy.CONCLUSIONResults showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion. The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion. Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, "a" and "b". The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4. Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. Background The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and typically causes serious neurologic disease. This study describes four Aujeszky's disease cases in free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus). In Italy, the wolf is a strictly protected species and is in demographic expansion. Case presentation Three wolves (Wolf A, B, and C) were found in a regional park in Northern Italy, and one (Wolf D) was found in Central Italy. Wolf A and D were alive at the time of the finding and exhibited a fatal infection with epileptic seizures and dyspnoea, dying after a few hours. Wolf B presented scratching lesions under the chin and a detachment of the right earlobe, whilst Wolf C was partially eaten. The wolves showed hepatic congestion, diffuse enteritis, moderate pericardial effusion, severe bilateral pneumonia, and diffuse hyperaemia in the brain. The diagnostic examinations included virological analyses and detection of toxic molecules able to cause serious neurological signs. All four wolves tested positive for pseudorabies virus (PrV). The analysed sequences were placed in Italian clade 1, which is divided into two subclades, "a" and "b". The sequences of Wolf A, B, and C were closely related to other Italian sequences in the subclade b, originally obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs. The sequence from Wolf D was located within the same clade and was closely related to the French hunting dog sequences belonging to group 4. Conclusion Results showed the presence of PrV strains currently circulating in wild boars and free-ranging Italian wolves. The genetic characterisation of the PrV UL44 sequences from the four wolves confirmed the close relationship with the sequences from wild boars and hunting dogs. This fact supports a possible epidemiological link with the high PrV presence in wild boars and the possibility of infection in wolves through consumption of infected wild boar carcasses or indirect transmission. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first detection of Pseudorabies virus in free-ranging Italian wolves in northern and central Italy. Keywords: Aujeszky's disease, Canis lupus italicus, PrV, Phylogenetic analysis, Wild boar |
| ArticleNumber | 9 |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Musto, Carmela Lavazza, Antonio Gobbi, Marco Paniccià, Marta Delogu, Mauro Maioli, Giulia Menchetti, Marika Moreno, Ana Trogu, Tiziana |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ana surname: Moreno fullname: Moreno, Ana – sequence: 2 givenname: Carmela surname: Musto fullname: Musto, Carmela – sequence: 3 givenname: Marco surname: Gobbi fullname: Gobbi, Marco – sequence: 4 givenname: Giulia surname: Maioli fullname: Maioli, Giulia – sequence: 5 givenname: Marika surname: Menchetti fullname: Menchetti, Marika – sequence: 6 givenname: Tiziana surname: Trogu fullname: Trogu, Tiziana – sequence: 7 givenname: Marta surname: Paniccià fullname: Paniccià, Marta – sequence: 8 givenname: Antonio surname: Lavazza fullname: Lavazza, Antonio – sequence: 9 givenname: Mauro surname: Delogu fullname: Delogu, Mauro |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38172819$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNqFkstuEzEUhkeoiLaBF2CBLLEpiym-zdizQlW4RaoEC1hbHs9xcOTYwZ4J6hPw2jhJKU2FQB557OPv_DrH_s-rkxADVNVzgi8Jke3rTGhHRI0pqzGTTVk9qs6I4G3dEi5P7q1Pq_OcVxhz3on2SXXKJBFUku6s-vkWRjCjiwHpMKB19GAmr1PZaX-TXUbRos8ZpiEm3TvIaOvSlJFNcV0mgDrpsHRhiRaj9k4H9CP6bcEu5jqUbD9tCu12Z2bKr5ALe_AG1UgjozOgBJuYxqfVY6t9hme3_1n19f27L_OP9fWnD4v51XVtmk6M9cB7wvgAwARrjGglNIxiqgdBAQvWC92zXkJPZKOt5iC7ppWsE5yTAcu-Z7NqcdAdol6pTXJrnW5U1E7tAzEtlU6jMx4UtcRYa-lgO8wFCM1bLdumI10HMJi2aL05aG2mfl0iEMak_ZHo8Ulw39QybhXBougwWRQubhVS_D5BHtXaZQPe6wBxyoqRpjTaEor_ixYrYNJxVr5Z9fIBuopTKu-5pziVlBL2h1rq0qwLNpYazU5UXQkhKaF0X-HlX6gyBlg7U_xoXYkfJby4fyl3t_HbcgWgB8CkmHMCe4cQrHa-Vgdfq-Jrtfe12nUvHySZ4qmdbUs5zv8r9RfvffuB |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fvets_2024_1438354 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12917_024_04189_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms12112367 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00380.x 10.1007/s10344-013-0774-z 10.1177/030098588602300311 10.7589/0090-3558-18.1.113 10.32942/X2J30M 10.1007/s00705-015-2659-9 10.1002/vms3.270 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.04.001 10.3390/pathogens8040266 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01892 10.1007/s11250-009-9454-0 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.018 10.3390/ani13111832 10.1038/nmeth.4285 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.033 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2005.00869.x 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.002 10.3390/v15081771 10.3390/ani11082198 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136129 10.1093/molbev/msu300 10.1111/tbed.12038 10.1128/JCM.37.11.3634-3643.1999 10.1590/S1517-83822012000400048 10.3390/pathogens9080633 10.7589/0090-3558-30.2.180 10.3390/pathogens11111308 10.1017/S0950268810000361 10.1007/s13364-015-0247-8 10.7589/0090-3558-33.3.632 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.04.031 10.3390/pathogens9070563 10.1007/s11259-013-9568-8 10.1177/1098612X13489211 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-039 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108666 10.1093/molbev/msab120 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2023. The Author(s). COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd. 2024. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. The Author(s) 2023 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2023. The Author(s). – notice: COPYRIGHT 2024 BioMed Central Ltd. – notice: 2024. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: The Author(s) 2023 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 3V. 7QG 7U9 7X7 7XB 88E 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH H94 K9. M0S M1P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI 7X8 7S9 L.6 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12917-023-03857-0 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Animal Behavior Abstracts Virology and AIDS Abstracts Health & Medical Collection (ProQuest) ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Health & Medical Collection (Alumni) Medical Database ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) Virology and AIDS Abstracts ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Animal Behavior Abstracts ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | AGRICOLA Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 4 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Veterinary Medicine |
| EISSN | 1746-6148 |
| EndPage | 9 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_2f1cfff2df9047e7a46a8659199eedc6 PMC10765938 A778212238 38172819 10_1186_s12917_023_03857_0 |
| Genre | Journal Article Case Reports |
| GeographicLocations | Italy United States--US Europe |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Italy – name: Europe – name: United States--US |
| GroupedDBID | --- 0R~ 23N 2WC 2XV 53G 5GY 5VS 6J9 7X7 88E 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ AAHBH AAJSJ AASML AAYXX ABDBF ABUWG ACGFO ACGFS ACIHN ACPRK ACUHS ADBBV ADRAZ ADUKV AEAQA AENEX AFKRA AFPKN AFRAH AHBYD AHMBA AHYZX ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMKLP AMTXH AOIJS APEBS BAPOH BAWUL BCNDV BENPR BFQNJ BMC BPHCQ BVXVI C6C CCPQU CITATION CS3 DIK DU5 E3Z EAD EAP EAS EBD EBLON EBS ECGQY EMB EMK EMOBN ESX EYRJQ F5P FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ HMCUK HYE IAG IAO IHR INH INR ITC ITG ITH KQ8 M1P M48 M~E O5R O5S OK1 OVT P2P PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO RBZ RNS ROL RPM RSV SMD SOJ SV3 TR2 UKHRP WOQ WOW XSB CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM PJZUB PPXIY PMFND 3V. 7QG 7U9 7XB 8FK AZQEC DWQXO H94 K9. PKEHL PQEST PQUKI 7X8 7S9 L.6 5PM PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c597t-d4b134dee3735c768e53202ad72e073b7ab3b8eb185afa4e89568397441d08bb3 |
| IEDL.DBID | M48 |
| ISSN | 1746-6148 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:31:58 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 18:42:23 EDT 2025 Fri Aug 22 20:26:04 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 00:31:50 EDT 2025 Sat Jul 26 00:31:22 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 17 22:26:23 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 10 21:13:33 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:02:36 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:24:49 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:59:03 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 1 |
| Keywords | Phylogenetic analysis Aujeszky’s disease Canis lupus italicus PrV Wild boar |
| Language | English |
| License | 2023. The Author(s). Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c597t-d4b134dee3735c768e53202ad72e073b7ab3b8eb185afa4e89568397441d08bb3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Report-3 ObjectType-Case Study-4 ObjectType-Case Study-2 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3 |
| OpenAccessLink | http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1186/s12917-023-03857-0 |
| PMID | 38172819 |
| PQID | 2914282213 |
| PQPubID | 55144 |
| PageCount | 1 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_2f1cfff2df9047e7a46a8659199eedc6 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10765938 proquest_miscellaneous_3153736120 proquest_miscellaneous_2910194394 proquest_journals_2914282213 gale_infotracmisc_A778212238 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A778212238 pubmed_primary_38172819 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12917_023_03857_0 crossref_citationtrail_10_1186_s12917_023_03857_0 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2024-01-03 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2024-01-03 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 2024 text: 2024-01-03 day: 03 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England – name: London |
| PublicationTitle | BMC veterinary research |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | BMC Vet Res |
| PublicationYear | 2024 |
| Publisher | BioMed Central Ltd BioMed Central BMC |
| Publisher_xml | – name: BioMed Central Ltd – name: BioMed Central – name: BMC |
| References | T Muller (3857_CR2) 2010; 138 S Lovari (3857_CR47) 2007; 273 J Sehl (3857_CR35) 2020; 9 E Zanin (3857_CR5) 1997; 33 A Headley (3857_CR26) 2009; 2 S Kalyaanamoorthy (3857_CR33) 2017; 14 3857_CR18 R Sharma (3857_CR37) 2010; 42 E Sozzi (3857_CR40) 2014; 61 L Nguyen (3857_CR32) 2015; 32 A Balboni (3857_CR27) 2021; 11 TG Kimman (3857_CR36) 1986; 23 A Bertero (3857_CR30) 2020; 707 N Decaro (3857_CR29) 2005; 52 IUCN (3857_CR48) 2022 R Caniglia (3857_CR17) 2014; 95 3857_CR22 DG Thawley (3857_CR7) 1982; 18 3857_CR25 3857_CR23 MG Amoroso (3857_CR38) 2020; 6 MB Pensaert (3857_CR11) 1989 JP Kluge (3857_CR3) 1992 A Rossi (3857_CR21) 2023; 13 S Verpoest (3857_CR6) 2014; 60 E Bassi (3857_CR20) 2020; 35 H Kong (3857_CR14) 2013; 37 C Musto (3857_CR45) 2021; 32 3857_CR31 AA Fonseca Jr (3857_CR42) 2012; 43 AJ Masot (3857_CR8) 2017; 13 E Thiry (3857_CR44) 2013; 15 3857_CR39 C Maresch (3857_CR49) 2012; 161 AL Frisk (3857_CR28) 1999; 37 C Deblanc (3857_CR41) 2019; 8 C Musto (3857_CR46) 2023; 15 M Galaverni (3857_CR16) 2016; 61 A Moreno (3857_CR4) 2020; 244 3857_CR43 MC Glass (3857_CR9) 1994; 30 A Moreno (3857_CR10) 2015; 177 HL Jin (3857_CR12) 2016; 161 K Tamura (3857_CR34) 2021; 38 R Taddei (3857_CR24) 2022; 11 E Bassi (3857_CR19) 2017; 9 3857_CR1 W Lin (3857_CR13) 2019; 233 LK Clark (3857_CR15) 1984; 185 |
| References_xml | – ident: 3857_CR18 – volume: 273 start-page: 128 year: 2007 ident: 3857_CR47 publication-title: J Zool. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00380.x – volume: 60 start-page: 149 year: 2014 ident: 3857_CR6 publication-title: Eur J Wildl Res doi: 10.1007/s10344-013-0774-z – volume: 23 start-page: 303 issue: 3 year: 1986 ident: 3857_CR36 publication-title: Vet Pathol doi: 10.1177/030098588602300311 – volume: 18 start-page: 113 issue: 1 year: 1982 ident: 3857_CR7 publication-title: J Wildl Dis doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-18.1.113 – ident: 3857_CR39 doi: 10.32942/X2J30M – volume: 161 start-page: 445 issue: 2 year: 2016 ident: 3857_CR12 publication-title: Arch Virol doi: 10.1007/s00705-015-2659-9 – volume: 6 start-page: 600 year: 2020 ident: 3857_CR38 publication-title: Vet Med Sci doi: 10.1002/vms3.270 – volume: 185 start-page: 1535 issue: 12 year: 1984 ident: 3857_CR15 publication-title: J Am Vet Med Ass – volume: 177 start-page: 359 issue: 3–4 year: 2015 ident: 3857_CR10 publication-title: Vet Microbiol doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.04.001 – volume: 8 start-page: 266 issue: 4 year: 2019 ident: 3857_CR41 publication-title: Pathogens. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8040266 – volume: 2 start-page: 95 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 3857_CR26 publication-title: Braz J Vet Pathol. – volume: 32 start-page: e01892 year: 2021 ident: 3857_CR45 publication-title: Global Ecol Conserv doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01892 – volume-title: Lista Rossa dei vertebrati italiani year: 2022 ident: 3857_CR48 – volume: 42 start-page: 515 issue: 3 year: 2010 ident: 3857_CR37 publication-title: Trop Anim Health Prod doi: 10.1007/s11250-009-9454-0 – start-page: 312 volume-title: Diseases of Swine year: 1992 ident: 3857_CR3 – ident: 3857_CR31 doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.018 – volume: 13 start-page: 1832 year: 2023 ident: 3857_CR21 publication-title: Animals doi: 10.3390/ani13111832 – volume: 14 start-page: 587 year: 2017 ident: 3857_CR33 publication-title: Nat Methods doi: 10.1038/nmeth.4285 – ident: 3857_CR25 – ident: 3857_CR1 doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.033 – ident: 3857_CR22 – start-page: 39 volume-title: Virus Infections of Porcines year: 1989 ident: 3857_CR11 – volume: 52 start-page: 316 year: 2005 ident: 3857_CR29 publication-title: J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2005.00869.x – volume: 35 start-page: 1 issue: 5 year: 2020 ident: 3857_CR20 publication-title: Ecol Res – volume: 161 start-page: 20 year: 2012 ident: 3857_CR49 publication-title: Vet Microbiol doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.002 – volume: 15 start-page: 1771 year: 2023 ident: 3857_CR46 publication-title: Viruses doi: 10.3390/v15081771 – volume: 11 start-page: 2198 year: 2021 ident: 3857_CR27 publication-title: Animals doi: 10.3390/ani11082198 – volume: 9 start-page: 39 year: 2017 ident: 3857_CR19 publication-title: Glob Ecol Conserv – volume: 707 start-page: 136129 year: 2020 ident: 3857_CR30 publication-title: Sci Total Environ doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136129 – ident: 3857_CR23 – volume: 32 start-page: 268 year: 2015 ident: 3857_CR32 publication-title: Mol Biol Evol doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu300 – volume: 61 start-page: 334 issue: 4 year: 2014 ident: 3857_CR40 publication-title: Transbound Emerg Dis doi: 10.1111/tbed.12038 – volume: 37 start-page: 3634 issue: 11 year: 1999 ident: 3857_CR28 publication-title: J Clin Microbiol doi: 10.1128/JCM.37.11.3634-3643.1999 – volume: 43 start-page: 1632 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 3857_CR42 publication-title: Braz J Microbiol doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822012000400048 – volume: 9 start-page: 633 year: 2020 ident: 3857_CR35 publication-title: Pathogens doi: 10.3390/pathogens9080633 – volume: 13 start-page: 1746 issue: 1 year: 2017 ident: 3857_CR8 publication-title: J BMC Vet Res – volume: 30 start-page: 180 year: 1994 ident: 3857_CR9 publication-title: J Wildl Dis doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-30.2.180 – volume: 11 start-page: 1308 year: 2022 ident: 3857_CR24 publication-title: Pathogens doi: 10.3390/pathogens11111308 – volume: 138 start-page: 1590 year: 2010 ident: 3857_CR2 publication-title: Epidemiol Infect doi: 10.1017/S0950268810000361 – volume: 61 start-page: 13 year: 2016 ident: 3857_CR16 publication-title: Mammal Res doi: 10.1007/s13364-015-0247-8 – volume: 33 start-page: 632 issue: 3 year: 1997 ident: 3857_CR5 publication-title: J Wildl Dis doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-33.3.632 – volume: 233 start-page: 102 year: 2019 ident: 3857_CR13 publication-title: Vet Microbiol doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.04.031 – ident: 3857_CR43 doi: 10.3390/pathogens9070563 – volume: 37 start-page: 329 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 3857_CR14 publication-title: Vet Res Comm doi: 10.1007/s11259-013-9568-8 – volume: 15 start-page: 555 year: 2013 ident: 3857_CR44 publication-title: J Fel Med Surg. doi: 10.1177/1098612X13489211 – volume: 95 start-page: 41 year: 2014 ident: 3857_CR17 publication-title: J Mammal doi: 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-039 – volume: 244 start-page: 108666 year: 2020 ident: 3857_CR4 publication-title: Vet Microbiol doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108666 – volume: 38 start-page: 3022 issue: 7 year: 2021 ident: 3857_CR34 publication-title: Mol Biol Evol. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msab120 |
| SSID | ssj0044976 |
| Score | 2.3498428 |
| Snippet | The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal and... Background The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal... BackgroundThe only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal... BACKGROUND: The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is usually fatal... Abstract Background The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members of the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In mammals, the infection is... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 9 |
| SubjectTerms | Analysis Animal populations Animals Aujeszky's disease brain Canidae Canis lupus Canis lupus italicus Case Report Case reports case studies Convulsions & seizures Diagnostic tests Diseases Dog Diseases Dogs Dyspnea Edema Effusion Enteritis Epidemiology Epilepsy family Genetic aspects Growth Herpesvirus 1, Suid - genetics Hogs Hunting Hyperemia Immunization Italy Italy - epidemiology Jaw Laboratories Lupus Lymphatic system Methods Neurological diseases pericardial effusion Phylogenetic analysis Phylogenetics pneumonia Prevention Protected species PrV Pseudorabies Pseudorabies - diagnosis Pseudorabies - epidemiology Pseudorabies - pathology Rabies regional parks Regions Respiration Risk factors Seizures Serology Small intestine Software Spleen Suid alphaherpesvirus 1 Sus scrofa Swine Swine Diseases Thymus gland toxicity Vaccines Viruses Wild boar wild boars Wildlife conservation Wolves |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1bi9QwFA6yT76IrrfqKhEEFSnbNpk2fVxXl1VY8cGVfQu54sDYWXamK_4C_7bfSTvDFFFffCltcwJJzsm5JOfC2HM5M7ZyjQAGrMtlrWLeRiFyb8ENXWlVa-i84-xjfXouP1zMLnZKfZFP2JAeeFi4wyqWLsZY-dgWsgmNkbVR9awt2xbs3aVk25B5G2Nq4MFSQspuQmRUfbiCVAM3hnzK6SYMbxMxlLL1_86Td4TS1GFyRwKd3Ga3RtWRHw1DvsNuhG6f7X8hf5YUVMvPxnvyu-zn27BOPlYdN53n3zY1cPE15CDhy8g_rULvQQEWxjK_nl_1K07BJniEkEOEUfki_n6dDkL49-XiGmAvj02H3ov-EtBUb2Tu-tUrPu8S4A-ec8MdBCMf7iLusfOTd5-PT_Ox5ELuYFmscy9tKaQPQTRi5mCKBCocURnfVAHMwDbGCqvA39XMRCODomhDqDRQqnyhrBX32V637MJDxhvnfQkTOEB9l9HUJkKbcb5yRfSxUG3Gyg0GtBvzkVNZjIVOdomq9YA1DazphDVdZOz1ts_lkI3jr9BvCLFbSMqknX6AvvRIX_pf9JWxF0QWmvY7hufMGLaASVLmLH3UQMcqoWSpjB1MILFP3bR5Q1h65BMrjSFLcuQtRcaebZupJ_m-dWHZJxjo4RTB_GcYAcHVCGirmPSDgVa306YcjHRdmjE1oeLJukxbuvnXlGm8LBoshVCP_sdKPmY3QUoynV-JA7a3vurDE2h0a_s0bd5f7rRJ0Q priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Health & Medical Collection (ProQuest) dbid: 7X7 link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwELagXLggKK_QgoyEBAhFTWJv7JxQKVQFqYgDRXuz_CwrLcl2kxTxC_jbzDjZpRGil9XueizFmfHMN_Y8CHnBZ9oUVjDggLEpL2VIq8BY6gxoQ5sbWWk87zj9XJ6c8U_z2Xw8cGvHsMqNToyK2jUWz8gPigprgxVFzt6uLlLsGoW3q2MLjZvkFpYuw5AuMd86XJyDrd0kysjyoAXbBjoZrFSK92HwbWKMYs3-fzXzFdM0DZu8YoeO75I7I4CkhwPH75Ebvt4lu98wqiWm1tLT8bb8Pvn93ncx0qqmunb0x6YTLvwaKpHQJtAvre8dyIEBl5leLtZ9SzHlBD68T8GQYRMj-rGLxyH0Z7O8BLJXR7qG2ct-BdTYdWRh-_Y1XdSR8BdNqaYWzCMdbiQekLPjD1-PTtKx8UJqwb_oUsdNzrjzngk2s-CQeGwfUWgnCg8qwQhtmJGg5eVMB829xJxDADYArVwmjWEPyU7d1P4xocI6l4Mj7AHE86BLHQDTWFfYLLiQySoh-YYDyo5VybE5xlJF70SWauCaAq6pyDWVJeTNds5qqMlxLfU7ZOyWEutpxz-a9bkat6cqQm5DCIULVcaFF5qXWpazKq8qABG2TMhLFAuFux4ez-oxeQEWifWz1KEApJUD1JIJ2Z9Qwm610-GNYKlRW7Tqr2wn5Pl2GGdiBFztmz7SABrHPOb_0zAwX4IBZoVFPxpkdbtsrMSIl6YJkRMpnryX6Ui9-B7rjeeZgFfB5JPrn32P3AYh4fF8iu2TnW7d-6eA2DrzLG7LP4YAQDg priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest |
| Title | Detection and molecular analysis of Pseudorabies virus from free-ranging Italian wolves (Canis lupus italicus) in Italy - a case report |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38172819 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2914282213 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2910194394 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3153736120 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10765938 https://doaj.org/article/2f1cfff2df9047e7a46a8659199eedc6 |
| Volume | 20 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3db9MwELf2IaG9IBhfgVEZCQkQCiSxGzsPCK1j00DqNE0UVbxY_oRKJR1tMthfwL_N2UmqRQweeIna-CzFvjvf72zfHUJP6VCqTDMCHFA6pjl3ceEIiY2C1VCnihfS73eMT_LjCf0wHU43UFfuqJ3A1bWuna8nNVnOX_38fvkWFP5NUHiev16BzYK1FqxP7M-54Ncm2gbLxLyijun6VIFSsL1d4My1_XbQDZ-xzh8u9exUSOf_56J9xWr1b1ReMVFHt9DNFlvi_UYYbqMNW-6i3U_-wkuIusXj9iD9Dvr1zlbhElaJZWnwt65ILvxrkpTghcOnK1sbEBEF3jS-mC3rFfbRKPCwNgYb5-sb4fdV2CnBPxbzCyB7fiBL6D2vz4HaFySZ6Xr1As_KQHiJYyyxBsuJm8OKu2hydPjx4DhuazLEGlyPKjZUpYQaawkjQw2-ivWVJTJpWGZhtVBMKqI4GAA-lE5Sy304ImAeQF0m4UqRe2irXJT2AcJMGwM8IhbwPXUylw7gjjaZTpxxCS8ilHYcELpNWO7rZsxFcFx4LhoGCmCgCAwUSYRervucN-k6_kk98oxdU_pU2-HFYvlFtJorMpdq51xmXJFQZpmkueT5sEiLAvCFziP0zIuF8CIKn6dlG9cAg_SptcQ-AxCWAgrjEdrrUYIi635zJ1ii0wMBn0z9Td-UROjJutn39JfjSruoAw0AdR_i_HcaApaNEYCzMOj7jayuh92JfIR4T4p789JvKWdfQyryNGEwFYQ__P-uj9AOCBAN21pkD21Vy9o-BqBXqQHaZFM2QNujw5PTs0HYLhkEjYbn2ejzb4-WVYg |
| linkProvider | Scholars Portal |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdG9wAvCMZXYICRQIBQtCR2E-cBoX1qZWs1oQ3tzfMnVCpJadpN-wv4b_gbOTtJWYTY216qtj5Hce5yvzuf7w6h17QvZKIyAhyQKqQps2FuCQm1BG2oYsly4fY7hqN0_4R-Pu2frqDfbS6MO1bZ6kSvqHWp3B75RpK72mBJEpNP05-h6xrloqttC41aLA7M5QW4bNXHwQ7w902S7O0eb--HTVeBUIHxPA81lTGh2hiSkb4Ca9u43giJ0FliQN5lJiSRDFQY6wsrqGEuoQ5QG-wGHTEpCVz3FlqlBFyZHlrd2h0dfWl1P6WA7m1qDks3KkBTQAHAxdBF4OBbB_58l4B_seAKGHYPal5Bvr176G5jsuLNWsbuoxVTrKG1r-4cjU_mxcMmPv8A_doxc3-2q8Ci0PhH23sXftW1T3Bp8VFlFhokT4KTjs_Hs0WFXZILfBgTAnS6tkl4MPcbMPiinJwD2bttUcDsyWIK1K7PyVgtqvd4XHjCSxxigRUAMq5jIA_RyY0w5RHqFWVhniCcKa1jcL0NuA3UilRYsKKUTlRktY1YHqC45QBXTR10145jwr0_xFJec40D17jnGo8C9GE5Z1pXAbmWessxdknpKnj7P8rZN94oBJ7YWFlrE23ziGYmEzQVLO3ncZ6D2aLSAL11YsGdnoHbU6JJl4BFuopdfDMD2y4G444FaL1DCfpBdYdbweKNfqr437cpQK-Ww26mO3NXmHLhacD-d5nT_6chAJgZASsZFv24ltXlsl3tRxemDRDrSHHnuXRHivF3X-E8jjJ4FIQ9vf7eX6Lb-8fDQ344GB08Q3dAYKjfHSPrqDefLcxzsBfn8kXzkmJ0dtN64Q9bzH3z |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Detection+and+molecular+analysis+of+Pseudorabies+virus+from+free-ranging+Italian+wolves+%28Canis+lupus+italicus%29+in+Italy+-+a+case+report&rft.jtitle=BMC+veterinary+research&rft.au=Moreno%2C+Ana&rft.au=Musto%2C+Carmela&rft.au=Gobbi%2C+Marco&rft.au=Maioli%2C+Giulia&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft.pub=BioMed+Central&rft.eissn=1746-6148&rft.volume=20&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186%2Fs12917-023-03857-0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38172819&rft.externalDocID=PMC10765938 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1746-6148&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1746-6148&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1746-6148&client=summon |