Urogenital Microbiota:Potentially Important Determinant of PD-L1 Expression in Male Patients with Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

• Published in: BMC microbiology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 7 - 12
• Main Authors: Chen, Chunxiao, Huang, Zehai, Huang, Pengcheng, Li, Kun, Zeng, Jiarong, Wen, Yuehui, Li, Biao, Zhao, Jie, Wu, Peng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 04.01.2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; B7-H1 Antigen - metabolism; Bacteria; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bladder; Bladder cancer; Cancer; Care and treatment; Composition; Control; Diagnosis; Disease Progression; Gene sequencing; Genitourinary organs; Humans; Identification and classification; Immune escape; Immunohistochemistry; Invasiveness; Male; Males; Medical examination; Methods; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Middle Aged; Muscles; PD-L1; PD-L1 protein; Recurrence; Risk factors; rRNA 16S; Smoking; Species richness; Statistical analysis; Subgroups; Tobacco; Tumors; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - metabolism; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - microbiology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - urine; Urogenital System - microbiology; Urogenital tract; China; Urogenital tract; PD-L1; Microbiota; Bladder cancer; Immune escape

Urogenital microbiota may be associated with the recurrence of bladder cancer, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The notion that microbiota can upregulate PD-L1 expression in certain epithelial tumors to promote immune escape has been demonstrated. Thus, we hypothesized that the urogenit...