氮磷肥配施促进半干旱区沟垄集雨种植谷子节水增产
沟垄集雨种植是西北旱作农田广泛运用的高效节水栽培模式,为优化施肥配置,进一步提升其增产效能,该研究在沟垄集雨和平作2种种植模式下分别设置不施肥、低量(N 93 kg/hm^2+P2O5 48 kg/hm^2)、中量(N 186 kg/hm^2+P2O596 kg/hm^2)和高量(N 279 kg/hm^2+P2O5 144 kg/hm^2)共4个施肥量水平,对宁南旱区连续4 a(2012—2015年)施肥梯度处理下谷子产量及水肥利用效率进行了研究。结果表明,沟垄集雨种植较平作可有效降低土壤水分蒸发,谷子全生育期总耗水量减少了18.3-26.8 mm;同一施肥水平下,沟垄集雨种植在2012、2...
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Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 23; pp. 106 - 115 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Chinese |
Published |
农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,杨凌 712100
2016
西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌 712100 西北农林科技大学农学院,杨凌 712100%西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌 712100 |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | 沟垄集雨种植是西北旱作农田广泛运用的高效节水栽培模式,为优化施肥配置,进一步提升其增产效能,该研究在沟垄集雨和平作2种种植模式下分别设置不施肥、低量(N 93 kg/hm^2+P2O5 48 kg/hm^2)、中量(N 186 kg/hm^2+P2O596 kg/hm^2)和高量(N 279 kg/hm^2+P2O5 144 kg/hm^2)共4个施肥量水平,对宁南旱区连续4 a(2012—2015年)施肥梯度处理下谷子产量及水肥利用效率进行了研究。结果表明,沟垄集雨种植较平作可有效降低土壤水分蒸发,谷子全生育期总耗水量减少了18.3-26.8 mm;同一施肥水平下,沟垄集雨种植在2012、2013年(丰水)呈减产趋势,在2014、2015年(平水)显著增产,较平作增加了穗粒数和收获指数,提高了谷子的水肥利用效率。在各降雨年份下,随施肥量的加大,沟垄集雨种植下谷子干物质积累量、产量和水分利用效率均呈增加趋势,当超过中肥后增幅不显著,肥料农学利用效率呈下降趋势,经济收益在中肥下达到最大。综合产量和经济效益分析,中肥是半干旱区谷子沟垄集雨种植模式的适宜施肥量,较平作种植在平水年型下可增产7.6%,水分利用效率和肥料农学利用效率分别提高了14.9%和9.9%。 |
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Bibliography: | Lian Yanhao1,2,3, Wang Tianlu1,2,3, Zhang Xudong1,2, Jia Zhikuan1,2,3, Liu Qi1,2,3, Han Qingfang1,2,3 (1. The Chinese Institute of Water-saving Agriculture, Northwest A &F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology, Minister of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; 3. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China) 11-2047/S The ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting system is known to be an effective planting method for improving rainwater utilization, but suitable fertilizer application rates for foxtail millet under RFRH planting have not yet been determined. In order to clarify the effects of fertilization under RFRH system and excavate its potential to enhance crop yield, we conducted field experiments during 2012-2015 at the Dryland Agricultural Experiment Station, Pengyang city, Ningxia, at the Loess Plateau, China. The experimental site was located at a longitude of 35?79?E and latitude of 106?48?N, at an elevation o |
ISSN: | 1002-6819 |
DOI: | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.23.015 |