空气湿度和土壤水分对高温诱导水稻颖花不育的影响

以Ⅱ优7954（热敏感品种）和Ⅱ优7号（耐热品种）为供试材料,采用人工气候箱模拟方法,研究了水稻抽穗开花期空气湿度和土壤水分对高温热害的影响。结果表明：高空气湿度加重了高温诱导的颖花不育。在高温高湿条件下,水稻气孔导度下降,蒸腾速率减小,叶温高,柱头上萌发的花粉数少;高温干旱条件也导致叶温升高,使开颖率降低,颖花不育率提高。...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in江西农业学报 Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 24 - 27
Main Author 周建霞 张玉屏 朱德峰 向镜 陈晓阳
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 浙江省金华市农业科学研究院，浙江 金华 321000 2017
中国水稻研究所 水稻生物学国家重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310006%中国水稻研究所 水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江 杭州,310006%浙江省金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华,321000
Subjects
土壤水分
水稻
湿度
颖花不育
高温
颖花不育
高温
土壤水分
Spikelet sterility
Soil moisture
Humidity
水稻
湿度
High temperature
Rice
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ISSN1001-8581
DOI10.19386/j.cnki.jxnyxb.2017.02.05

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Summary:以Ⅱ优7954（热敏感品种）和Ⅱ优7号（耐热品种）为供试材料,采用人工气候箱模拟方法,研究了水稻抽穗开花期空气湿度和土壤水分对高温热害的影响。结果表明：高空气湿度加重了高温诱导的颖花不育。在高温高湿条件下,水稻气孔导度下降,蒸腾速率减小,叶温高,柱头上萌发的花粉数少;高温干旱条件也导致叶温升高,使开颖率降低,颖花不育率提高。
Bibliography:You 7954（heat-sensitive variety） and ⅡYou 7（heat-tolerant variety） were used to determine the effects of air humidity and soil moisture on the high-temperature-induced spikelet sterility of rice at heading and flowering stage through adopting the method of manual climatic box simulation. The results showed that high air humidity aggravated the spikelet sterility induced by high temperature. Under the conditions of high air temperature and high air relative humidity,the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of rice decreased,the leaf surface temperature increased,and the number of germinated pollen grains on the stigma reduced. In addition,the conditions of high temperature and drought could lead to the increase in both leaf surface temperature and spikelet sterility rate,as well as the decrease in spikelet opening rate.
36-1124/S
Rice; High temperature; Humidity; Soil moisture; Spikelet sterility
ZHOU Jian-xia1,2, ZHANG Yu-ping2 , ZHU De-feng2. , XIANG Jing2 , CHEN Xiao-yang1 （1. Jinhua Academy of Agricult
ISSN:1001-8581
DOI:10.19386/j.cnki.jxnyxb.2017.02.05