Bunyamwera Bunyavirus Nonstructural Protein NSs Counteracts the Induction of Alpha/Beta Interferon

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Published inJournal of Virology Vol. 76; no. 16; pp. 7949 - 7955
Main Authors Weber, Friedemann, Bridgen, Anne, Fazakerley, John K, Streitenfeld, Hein, Kessler, Nina, Randall, Richard E, Elliott, Richard M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.08.2002
Subjects
Animals
Bunyamwera virus - genetics
Bunyamwera virus - immunology
Bunyamwera virus - pathogenicity
Bunyamwera virus - physiology
Bunyaviridae Infections - genetics
Bunyaviridae Infections - immunology
Bunyaviridae Infections - metabolism
Cells, Cultured
Cercopithecus aethiops
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Female
Gene Deletion
Genes, Viral
Humans
Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
Interferon-alpha - biosynthesis
Interferon-alpha - genetics
Interferon-beta - biosynthesis
Interferon-beta - genetics
Membrane Proteins
Mice
Mice, Knockout
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta
Receptors, Interferon - deficiency
Receptors, Interferon - genetics
RNA, Double-Stranded - genetics
RNA, Double-Stranded - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcriptional Activation
Vero Cells
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - genetics
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology
Virulence
Virus Replication
Virus-Cell Interactions
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Article Usage Stats Services JVI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue JVI About JVI Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JVI RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0022-538X Online ISSN: 1098-5514 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to JVI .asm.org, visit: JVI       
AbstractList Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-α/β) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (BUNdelNSs) and showed that NSs is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that BUNdelNSs is a strong inducer of IFN-α/β, whereas in cells infected with the wild-type counterpart expressing NSs (wild-type BUN), neither IFN nor IFN mRNA could be detected. IFN induction by BUNdelNSs correlated with activation of NF-κB and was dependent on virally produced double-stranded RNA and on the IFN transcription factor IRF-3. Furthermore, both in cultured cells and in mice lacking a functional IFN-α/β system, BUNdelNSs replicated to wild-type BUN levels, whereas in IFN-competent systems, wild-type BUN grew more efficiently. These results suggest that BUN NSs is an IFN induction antagonist that blocks the transcriptional activation of IFN-α/β in order to increase the virulence of Bunyamwera virus.
ABSTRACT Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-α/β) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (BUNdelNSs) and showed that NSs is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that BUNdelNSs is a strong inducer of IFN-α/β, whereas in cells infected with the wild-type counterpart expressing NSs (wild-type BUN), neither IFN nor IFN mRNA could be detected. IFN induction by BUNdelNSs correlated with activation of NF-κB and was dependent on virally produced double-stranded RNA and on the IFN transcription factor IRF-3. Furthermore, both in cultured cells and in mice lacking a functional IFN-α/β system, BUNdelNSs replicated to wild-type BUN levels, whereas in IFN-competent systems, wild-type BUN grew more efficiently. These results suggest that BUN NSs is an IFN induction antagonist that blocks the transcriptional activation of IFN-α/β in order to increase the virulence of Bunyamwera virus.
Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (BUNdelNSs) and showed that NSs is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that BUNdelNSs is a strong inducer of IFN-alpha/beta, whereas in cells infected with the wild-type counterpart expressing NSs (wild-type BUN), neither IFN nor IFN mRNA could be detected. IFN induction by BUNdelNSs correlated with activation of NF-kappaB and was dependent on virally produced double-stranded RNA and on the IFN transcription factor IRF-3. Furthermore, both in cultured cells and in mice lacking a functional IFN-alpha/beta system, BUNdelNSs replicated to wild-type BUN levels, whereas in IFN-competent systems, wild-type BUN grew more efficiently. These results suggest that BUN NSs is an IFN induction antagonist that blocks the transcriptional activation of IFN-alpha/beta in order to increase the virulence of Bunyamwera virus.
Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN- alpha / beta ) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the nonstructural protein NSs (BUNdelNSs) and showed that NSs is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that BUNdelNSs is a strong inducer of IFN- alpha / beta , whereas in cells infected with the wild-type counterpart expressing NSs (wild-type BUN), neither IFN nor IFN mRNA could be detected. IFN induction by BUNdelNSs correlated with activation of NF- Kappa B and was dependent on virally produced double-stranded RNA and on the IFN transcription factor IRF-3. Furthermore, both in cultured cells and in mice lacking a functional IFN- alpha / beta system, BUNdelNSs replicated to wild-type BUN levels, whereas in IFN-competent systems, wild-type BUN grew more efficiently. These results suggest that BUN NSs is an IFN induction antagonist that blocks the transcriptional activation of IFN- alpha / beta in order to increase the virulence of Bunyamwera virus.
Article Usage Stats Services JVI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue JVI About JVI Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JVI RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0022-538X Online ISSN: 1098-5514 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to JVI .asm.org, visit: JVI       
Author Richard E. Randall
Richard M. Elliott
John K. Fazakerley
Anne Bridgen
Friedemann Weber
Nina Kessler
Hein Streitenfeld
AuthorAffiliation Abteilung Virologie, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg, D-79008 Freiburg, Germany, and, 1 Division of Virology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G11 5JR, 2 Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, 3 School of Biology Sciences, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, Scotland, United Kingdom 4
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Abteilung Virologie, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg, D-79008 Freiburg, Germany, and, 1 Division of Virology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G11 5JR, 2 Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, 3 School of Biology Sciences, University of St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, Scotland, United Kingdom 4
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Friedemann
  surname: Weber
  fullname: Weber, Friedemann
  organization: Abteilung Virologie, Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg, Germany
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Anne
  surname: Bridgen
  fullname: Bridgen, Anne
– sequence: 3
  givenname: John K
  surname: Fazakerley
  fullname: Fazakerley, John K
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Hein
  surname: Streitenfeld
  fullname: Streitenfeld, Hein
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Nina
  surname: Kessler
  fullname: Kessler, Nina
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Richard E
  surname: Randall
  fullname: Randall, Richard E
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Richard M
  surname: Elliott
  fullname: Elliott, Richard M
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12133999$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Virology, University of Glasgow, Church St., Glasgow G11 5JR, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 141 330 4024. Fax: 44 141 337 2236. E-mail: r.elliott@vir.gla.ac.uk.
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PublicationTitle Journal of Virology
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Snippet Article Usage Stats Services JVI Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley...
Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many...
ABSTRACT Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-α/β) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many...
Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN- alpha / beta ) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system....
Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-α/β) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Bunyamwera virus - genetics
Bunyamwera virus - immunology
Bunyamwera virus - pathogenicity
Bunyamwera virus - physiology
Bunyaviridae Infections - genetics
Bunyaviridae Infections - immunology
Bunyaviridae Infections - metabolism
Cells, Cultured
Cercopithecus aethiops
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Female
Gene Deletion
Genes, Viral
Humans
Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
Interferon-alpha - biosynthesis
Interferon-alpha - genetics
Interferon-beta - biosynthesis
Interferon-beta - genetics
Membrane Proteins
Mice
Mice, Knockout
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta
Receptors, Interferon - deficiency
Receptors, Interferon - genetics
RNA, Double-Stranded - genetics
RNA, Double-Stranded - metabolism
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcriptional Activation
Vero Cells
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - genetics
Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology
Virulence
Virus Replication
Virus-Cell Interactions
Title Bunyamwera Bunyavirus Nonstructural Protein NSs Counteracts the Induction of Alpha/Beta Interferon
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Volume 76
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