Presentations of tetramethylammonium hydroxide dermal exposure and the valuable potential of diphoterine solution in decontamination: a retrospective observational study

• Published in: BMC pharmacology & toxicology Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 83 - 8
• Main Authors: Huang, Chih-Kang, Hall, Alan H., Wu, Ming-Ling, Yang, Chen-Chang, Hung, Dong-Zong, Mao, Yan-Chiao, Deng, Jou-Fang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 30.11.2020; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Agonists; Ammonium; Ammonium compounds; Cardiac arrhythmia; Carnitine; Cholinergics; Decontamination; Dermal decontamination; Dermal exposure; Diphoterine® solution; Drinking water; Dyspnea; Exposure; Fatalities; Hydroxides; Injuries; Medical records; Nervous system; Observational studies; Patients; Photoelectricity; Poisoning; Quaternary ammonium salts; Respiratory failure; Semiconductor industry; Skin; Skin decontamination; Skin injuries; Tetramethylammonium hydroxide; TMAH; Toxicity; Water purification; Workers; Taiwan; United States > US; Dermal exposure; Dermal decontamination; Tetramethylammonium hydroxide; Diphoterine® solution; TMAH; Skin decontamination

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is a quaternary ammonium compound that is both a base corrosive and a cholinergic agonist, and it is widely used in the photoelectric and semiconductor industries. It causes corrosive skin injuries and systemic cholinergic toxicity with death primarily resulting...