Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) efficacy of rifampin, rifapentine, moxifloxacin, minocycline, and clarithromycin in a susceptible-subclinical model of leprosy
Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (...
Saved in:
| Published in | PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol. 14; no. 9; p. e0008583 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
01.09.2020
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials.
Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation.
The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3-4 months) and late (8-9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | BACKGROUNDSubclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGSAthymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCEThe delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3-4 months) and late (8-9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Methodology/Principal findings Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. Conclusions/Significance The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3–4 months) and late (8–9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Methodology/Principal findings Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 10.sup.3 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. Conclusions/Significance The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3-4 months) and late (8-9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Methodology/Principal findings Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. Conclusions/Significance The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3–4 months) and late (8–9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 10.sup.3 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3-4 months) and late (8-9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3-4 months) and late (8-9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been proposed to control this source. Because PEP trials require considerable investment, we applied a sensitive variation of the kinetic mouse footpad (MFP) screening assay to aid in the choice of drugs and regimens for clinical trials. Methodology/Principal findings Athymic nude mice were inoculated in the footpad (FP) with 6 x 103 viable M. leprae and treated by gastric gavage with a single dose of Rifampin (SDR), Rifampin + Ofloxacin + Minocycline (SD-ROM), or Rifapentine + Minocycline + Moxifloxacin (SD-PMM) or with the proposed PEP++ regimen of three once-monthly doses of Rifampin + Moxifloxacin (RM), Rifampin + Clarithromycin (RC), Rifapentine + Moxifloxacin (PM), or Rifapentine + Clarithromycin (PC). At various times post-treatment, DNA was purified from the FP, and M. leprae were enumerated by RLEP quantitative PCR. A regression analysis was calculated to determine the expected RLEP value if 99.9% of the bacilli were killed after the administration of each regimen. SDR and SD-ROM induced little growth delay in this highly susceptible murine model of subclinical infection. In contrast, SD-PMM delayed measurable M. leprae growth above the inoculum by 8 months. The four multi-dose regimens delayed bacterial growth for >9months post-treatment cessation. Conclusions/Significance The delay in discernable M. leprae growth post-treatment was an excellent indicator of drug efficacy for both early (3–4 months) and late (8–9 months) drug efficacy. Our data indicates that multi-dose PEP may be required to control infection in highly susceptible individuals with subclinical leprosy to prevent disease and decrease transmission. Author summary While multi-drug therapy (MDT) has been successful in decreasing the worldwide prevalence of leprosy, the new case detection rate, or incidence, remains consistent. These circumstances indicate that leprosy transmission is still occurring. Subclinical asymptomatic leprosy infections are considered a leading cause of ongoing transmission. One means to control this source is an effective post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen that would prevent both subsequent progression to clinical leprosy for the individual and transmission of the disease to others. Therefore, in this study, we used a modified kinetic mouse footpad screening assay and sensitive molecular bacterial enumeration in a susceptible-subclinical mouse model to identify effective potential PEP drug regimens for leprosy. Using these methods, we showed that a single dose PEP regimen is not effective in a susceptible host, and multiple intermittent doses of combination therapies are required. This model could provide useful pre-clinical information for the development of PEP regimens for leprosy. While multi-drug therapy (MDT) has been successful in decreasing the worldwide prevalence of leprosy, the new case detection rate, or incidence, remains consistent. These circumstances indicate that leprosy transmission is still occurring. Subclinical asymptomatic leprosy infections are considered a leading cause of ongoing transmission. One means to control this source is an effective post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen that would prevent both subsequent progression to clinical leprosy for the individual and transmission of the disease to others. Therefore, in this study, we used a modified kinetic mouse footpad screening assay and sensitive molecular bacterial enumeration in a susceptible-subclinical mouse model to identify effective potential PEP drug regimens for leprosy. Using these methods, we showed that a single dose PEP regimen is not effective in a susceptible host, and multiple intermittent doses of combination therapies are required. This model could provide useful pre-clinical information for the development of PEP regimens for leprosy. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Adams, Linda B Collins, Jaymes H Lahiri, Ramanuj Lenz, Shannon M Ray, Nashone A Hagge, Deanna A |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen’s Disease Programs–Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America Adolfo Lutz Institute of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BRAZIL 1 IHRC, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America 3 Mycobacterial Research Laboratories, Anandaban Hospital, The Leprosy Mission Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Mycobacterial Research Laboratories, Anandaban Hospital, The Leprosy Mission Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal – name: 2 Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen’s Disease Programs–Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America – name: Adolfo Lutz Institute of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, BRAZIL – name: 1 IHRC, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shannon M orcidid: 0000-0001-5705-1819 surname: Lenz fullname: Lenz, Shannon M organization: IHRC, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: Jaymes H orcidid: 0000-0001-7509-0109 surname: Collins fullname: Collins, Jaymes H organization: Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Programs-Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America – sequence: 3 givenname: Nashone A surname: Ray fullname: Ray, Nashone A organization: Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Programs-Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America – sequence: 4 givenname: Deanna A orcidid: 0000-0002-3792-2266 surname: Hagge fullname: Hagge, Deanna A organization: Mycobacterial Research Laboratories, Anandaban Hospital, The Leprosy Mission Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal – sequence: 5 givenname: Ramanuj surname: Lahiri fullname: Lahiri, Ramanuj organization: Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Programs-Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America – sequence: 6 givenname: Linda B orcidid: 0000-0001-6265-3531 surname: Adams fullname: Adams, Linda B organization: Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Programs-Laboratory Research Branch, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32936818$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNptUttq3DAUNCWlubR_UFpDX1LIbmXLsqSXQghpGwh0H9pnIeuyq0WWXMkO65_pt1bedUK2BBssdObMmTOe8-zEeaey7H0BlgXExZetH4Ljdtm5Xi4BAAQR-Co7KyhEixJDdPLsfJqdx7gFAFFEijfZKSwprElBzrK_Kx_7hdp1Pg5B5V3w3Wa0fGdifrm6XX3OldZGcDHmXufBaN52xl3tT51yvXHqKm_9zmjrd1xMpdY4L0Zh9yXuZC4sD6bfBN-OCZCnl-dxiEJ1vWmsWsShmdBpik1UUtlplFVJShzfZq81t1G9m78X2e9vt79ufizuf36_u7m-XwhEYb8QHGuNJUQNFpho2JR1rTSAFGLFFW10RWqgMSCgkAKBmtIaAlRoIhCXtAHwIvt44O2sj2y2NrKyQgWqkoFVQtwdENLzLeuCaXkYmeeG7S98WDMeeiOsYiRRE9A0qNRlVQlFJG4qiZBUpOQF1Ynr6zxtaFolRTIycHtEelxxZsPW_oHhilaAokRwORME_2dQsWetSYZay53yw6S7giTJIJPuT_9BX95uRq15WsA47dNcMZGy6xpiiuuKlAm1fAGVHqlaI1I8tUn3Rw3VoUGknxmD0k87FoBNKX4Uw6YUsznFqe3Dc3-emh5jC_8Bi8z0VQ |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1056_NEJMc2307364 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_12960 crossref_primary_10_1177_20499361221135885 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0251631 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0009039 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_024_09125_2 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1128/AAC.35.3.579 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006403 10.1489/itl.5.3 10.1038/262399a0 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90025-N 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000328 10.47276/lr.85.1.2 10.1128/AAC.44.10.2919-2921.2000 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009195 10.1099/jmm.0.45700-0 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1425-1434.2002 10.1164/ajrccm/148.6_Pt_1.1541 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003658 10.1136/bmj.39500.885752.BE 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001330 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002559 10.47276/lr.77.1.5 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002404 10.1128/AAC.43.1.85 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science – notice: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 3V. 7QL 7SS 7T2 7T7 7U9 7X7 7XB 88E 8C1 8FD 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR C1K CCPQU DWQXO F1W FR3 FYUFA GHDGH H94 H95 H97 K9. L.G M0S M1P M7N P64 PIMPY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008583 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef ProQuest Central (Corporate) Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Entomology Abstracts (Full archive) Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive) Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) Virology and AIDS Abstracts Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Public Health Database Technology Research Database Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts Engineering Research Database Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) PML(ProQuest Medical Library) Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional Technology Research Database ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ProQuest Central Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C) AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts Health & Safety Science Abstracts Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest Public Health Virology and AIDS Abstracts ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Entomology Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts Engineering Research Database ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 4 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| DocumentTitleAlternate | A susceptible-subclinical model for leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis |
| EISSN | 1935-2735 |
| Editor | Nardi, Susilene Maria Tonelli |
| Editor_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Susilene Maria Tonelli surname: Nardi fullname: Nardi, Susilene Maria Tonelli |
| EndPage | e0008583 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 2451547354 oai_doaj_org_article_805180bb52f244ce8d7b4d55de82a19f A637976482 10_1371_journal_pntd_0008583 32936818 |
| Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| GeographicLocations | United States Louisiana Baton Rouge Louisiana United States--US Nepal |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: United States – name: Baton Rouge Louisiana – name: Louisiana – name: Nepal – name: United States--US |
| GroupedDBID | --- 123 29O 2WC 3V. 53G 5VS 7X7 88E 8C1 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ ABDBF ABUWG ACGFO ACIHN ACPRK ADBBV ADRAZ AEAQA AENEX AFKRA AFRAH AHMBA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL BCNDV BENPR BPHCQ BVXVI BWKFM CCPQU CGR CS3 CUY CVF DIK DU5 E3Z EAP EAS EBD ECGQY ECM EIF EMOBN ESX F5P FPL FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 H13 HMCUK HYE IAO IHR IHW IPNFZ ITC KQ8 M1P M48 M~E NPM O5R O5S OK1 P2P PGMZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PV9 RIG RNS RPM RZL SV3 TR2 TUS UKHRP WOQ AAYXX CITATION 7QL 7SS 7T2 7T7 7U9 7XB 8FD 8FK ACUHS AZQEC C1K DWQXO F1W FR3 H94 H95 H97 K9. L.G M7N P64 PQEST PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM AFPKN AAPBV ABPTK N95 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-ca7ff7d35b7c78f3b266ef03937eae9bf4860f70801dc5069963051f8c5ad9b03 |
| IEDL.DBID | RPM |
| ISSN | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| IngestDate | Sun May 07 16:29:03 EDT 2023 Tue Oct 22 15:09:44 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 17 20:33:15 EDT 2024 Sat Oct 26 05:52:50 EDT 2024 Mon Dec 16 15:25:54 EST 2024 Tue Nov 19 20:48:48 EST 2024 Tue Nov 12 22:50:35 EST 2024 Thu Nov 21 23:41:13 EST 2024 Sat Nov 02 12:27:40 EDT 2024 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Creative Commons CC0 public domain |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c593t-ca7ff7d35b7c78f3b266ef03937eae9bf4860f70801dc5069963051f8c5ad9b03 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3792-2266 0000-0001-7509-0109 0000-0001-5705-1819 0000-0001-6265-3531 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494095/ |
| PMID | 32936818 |
| PQID | 2451547354 |
| PQPubID | 1436337 |
| ParticipantIDs | plos_journals_2451547354 doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_805180bb52f244ce8d7b4d55de82a19f pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7494095 proquest_miscellaneous_2443880584 proquest_journals_2451547354 gale_infotracmisc_A637976482 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A637976482 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0008583 pubmed_primary_32936818 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2020-09-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2020-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2020 text: 2020-09-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States – name: San Francisco – name: San Francisco, CA USA |
| PublicationTitle | PLoS neglected tropical diseases |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | PLoS Negl Trop Dis |
| PublicationYear | 2020 |
| Publisher | Public Library of Science Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Publisher_xml | – sequence: 0 name: Public Library of Science – name: Public Library of Science – name: Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| References | DNJ Lockwood (pntd.0008583.ref012) 2018; 12 RH Gelber (pntd.0008583.ref022) 1987; 55 PR Tessier (pntd.0008583.ref036) 2002; 46 B Ji (pntd.0008583.ref038) 1993; 148 B Ji (pntd.0008583.ref034) 1991; 35 PEM Fine (pntd.0008583.ref003) 1997; 146 RW Truman (pntd.0008583.ref018) 2008; 2 LN Nguyen (pntd.0008583.ref010) 2000; 71 WC Smith (pntd.0008583.ref029) 2014; 85 E Miyazaki (pntd.0008583.ref035) 1999; 43 PJ Brennan (pntd.0008583.ref030) 2016 MS Bader (pntd.0008583.ref005) 2013; 88 L Levy (pntd.0008583.ref013) 2006; 77 B Ji (pntd.0008583.ref027) 2000; 71 C Truffot-Pernot (pntd.0008583.ref033) 1991; 72 LJ Blanc (pntd.0008583.ref007) 1999; 67 JL Cartel (pntd.0008583.ref009) 1992; 60 JJ Colston (pntd.0008583.ref024) 1976; 262 CC Shepard (pntd.0008583.ref014) 1967; 35 GL Davis (pntd.0008583.ref017) 2013; 7 JH Grosset (pntd.0008583.ref032) 1987; 55 LF Mieras (pntd.0008583.ref020) 2018; 18 R Sharma (pntd.0008583.ref026) 2019 European Medicines Agency (pntd.0008583.ref031) 2019 P Vijayakumaran (pntd.0008583.ref002) 1998; 66 RD McDermott-Lancaster (pntd.0008583.ref023) 1987; 55 FJ Moet (pntd.0008583.ref011) 2008; 336 EA Fischer (pntd.0008583.ref004) 2011; 5 Y Otsyula (pntd.0008583.ref006) 1971; 42 S Chehl (pntd.0008583.ref025) 1983; 54 WC Smith (pntd.0008583.ref001) 2015; 9 JL Cartel (pntd.0008583.ref008) 1989; 57 S Consigny (pntd.0008583.ref028) 2000; 44 RW Truman (pntd.0008583.ref015) 2001; 69 R Lahiri (pntd.0008583.ref019) 2016 N Veziris (pntd.0008583.ref037) 2013; 7 R Lahiri (pntd.0008583.ref016) 2005; 54 A Keung (pntd.0008583.ref021) 1999; 3 |
| References_xml | – volume: 66 start-page: 125 issue: 2 year: 1998 ident: pntd.0008583.ref002 article-title: Does MDT Arrest Transmission of Leprosy to Household Contacts? publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: P Vijayakumaran – volume: 60 start-page: 416 issue: 3 year: 1992 ident: pntd.0008583.ref009 article-title: Chemoprophylaxis of Leprosy with a Single Dose of 25mg per kg Rifampin in the Southern Marquesas; Results after Four Years. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: JL Cartel – volume: 54 start-page: 283 year: 1983 ident: pntd.0008583.ref025 article-title: The growth of Mycobacterium leprae in nude mice. publication-title: Lepr Rev contributor: fullname: S Chehl – volume: 35 start-page: 579 issue: 3 year: 1991 ident: pntd.0008583.ref034 article-title: Effectiveness of Clarithromycin and Minocycline Alone and in Combination against Experimental Mycobacterium leprae Infection in Mice publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother doi: 10.1128/AAC.35.3.579 contributor: fullname: B Ji – volume: 12 start-page: e0006403 issue: 6 year: 2018 ident: pntd.0008583.ref012 article-title: Single-dose rifampicin chemoprophylaxis protects those who need it least and is not a cost-effective intervention. publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006403 contributor: fullname: DNJ Lockwood – volume: 42 start-page: 98 issue: 2 year: 1971 ident: pntd.0008583.ref006 article-title: Four Years’ Experience with Dapsone as Prophylaxis Against Leprosy. publication-title: Lepr Rev. contributor: fullname: Y Otsyula – volume-title: Cultivation and Viability Determination of Mycobacterium leprae year: 2016 ident: pntd.0008583.ref019 doi: 10.1489/itl.5.3 contributor: fullname: R Lahiri – volume: 262 start-page: 399 year: 1976 ident: pntd.0008583.ref024 article-title: Growth of Mycobacterium leprae and M. marinum in Congenitally Athymic (nude) mice. publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/262399a0 contributor: fullname: JJ Colston – volume-title: The Physiology of Mycobacterium leprae. year: 2016 ident: pntd.0008583.ref030 contributor: fullname: PJ Brennan – volume: 72 start-page: 57 issue: 1 year: 1991 ident: pntd.0008583.ref033 article-title: Activities of pefloxacin and ofloxacin against mycobacteria: in vitro and mouse experiments. publication-title: Tubercle doi: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90025-N contributor: fullname: C Truffot-Pernot – volume: 2 start-page: e328 issue: 11 year: 2008 ident: pntd.0008583.ref018 article-title: Enumeration of Mycobacterium leprae Using Real-Time PCR. publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000328 contributor: fullname: RW Truman – volume: 85 start-page: 2 year: 2014 ident: pntd.0008583.ref029 article-title: Role of contact tracing and prevention strategies in the interruption of leprosy transmission. publication-title: Lepr Rev. doi: 10.47276/lr.85.1.2 contributor: fullname: WC Smith – volume: 67 start-page: S7 issue: 4 Suppl year: 1999 ident: pntd.0008583.ref007 article-title: Trials of Preventative Therapy. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: LJ Blanc – volume: 44 start-page: 2919 issue: 10 year: 2000 ident: pntd.0008583.ref028 article-title: Bactericidal Activities of HMR 3647, moxifloxacin, and rifapentine against Mycobacterium leprae in mice publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.10.2919-2921.2000 contributor: fullname: S Consigny – volume: 71 start-page: 33 issue: S1 year: 2000 ident: pntd.0008583.ref010 article-title: Chemoprophylaxis of leprosy in the Southern Marquesas with a single 25mg/kg dose of rifampicin. publication-title: Results after 10 years. Lepr Rev. contributor: fullname: LN Nguyen – volume-title: Disabling and potentially permanent side effects lead to suspension or restrictions of quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. year: 2019 ident: pntd.0008583.ref031 contributor: fullname: European Medicines Agency – volume: 146 start-page: 91 issue: 1 year: 1997 ident: pntd.0008583.ref003 article-title: Household and Dwelling Contact as Risk Factors for Leprosy in Northern Malawi publication-title: Am J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009195 contributor: fullname: PEM Fine – volume: 54 start-page: 235 year: 2005 ident: pntd.0008583.ref016 article-title: Application of a viability-staining method for Mycobacterium leprae derived from the athymic (nu/nu) mouse foot pad publication-title: J Med Microbiol doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.45700-0 contributor: fullname: R Lahiri – year: 2019 ident: pntd.0008583.ref026 article-title: Isolation of Mycobacterium lepromatosis and Development of Molecular Diagnostic Assays to Distinguish M. leprae and M. lepromatosis publication-title: Clin Infect Dis contributor: fullname: R Sharma – volume: 35 start-page: 429 issue: 4 year: 1967 ident: pntd.0008583.ref014 article-title: A Kinetic Method for the Study of Activity of Drugs Against Mycobacterium leprae in Mice. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: CC Shepard – volume: 55 start-page: 847 issue: 4 Suppl year: 1987 ident: pntd.0008583.ref032 article-title: Activity of Rifampin in Infections of Normal Mice with Mycobacterium leprae. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: JH Grosset – volume: 46 start-page: 1425 issue: 5 year: 2002 ident: pntd.0008583.ref036 article-title: Pharmacodynamic Assessment of Clarithromycin in a Murine Model of Pneumococcal Pneumonia publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother doi: 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1425-1434.2002 contributor: fullname: PR Tessier – volume: 148 start-page: 1541 year: 1993 ident: pntd.0008583.ref038 article-title: Effectiveness of Rifampin, Rifabutin, and Rifapentine for Preventive Therapy of Tuberculosis in Mice publication-title: Am Rev Respir Dis doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/148.6_Pt_1.1541 contributor: fullname: B Ji – volume: 55 start-page: 879 issue: 4 Suppl year: 1987 ident: pntd.0008583.ref022 article-title: The neonatally thymectomized rat as a model of the lepromatous patient. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: RH Gelber – volume: 9 start-page: 1 issue: 4 year: 2015 ident: pntd.0008583.ref001 article-title: The Missing Millions: A Threat to the Elimination of Leprosy. publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003658 contributor: fullname: WC Smith – volume: 18 start-page: 1 issue: 506 year: 2018 ident: pntd.0008583.ref020 article-title: An enhanced regimen as post-exposure chemoprophylaxis for leprosy: PEP++. publication-title: BMC Infect Dis contributor: fullname: LF Mieras – volume: 69 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2001 ident: pntd.0008583.ref015 article-title: Viable M. leprae as a Research Reagent. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis contributor: fullname: RW Truman – volume: 57 start-page: 810 issue: 4 year: 1989 ident: pntd.0008583.ref008 article-title: Implementation of Chemoprophylaxis of Leprosy in the Southern Marquesas with a Single Dose of 25mg per kg Rifampin. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: JL Cartel – volume: 3 start-page: 437 issue: 5 year: 1999 ident: pntd.0008583.ref021 article-title: Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of rifapentine in man: Part II. publication-title: Int J Tuberc Lung Dis contributor: fullname: A Keung – volume: 55 start-page: 889 issue: 4 Suppl year: 1987 ident: pntd.0008583.ref023 article-title: Multiplication of Mycobacterium leprae in the Nude mouse, and Some Applications of Nude Mice to Experimental Leprosy. publication-title: Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. contributor: fullname: RD McDermott-Lancaster – volume: 71 start-page: S81 issue: Suppl year: 2000 ident: pntd.0008583.ref027 article-title: Combination of rifapentine-moxifloxacin-minocycline (PMM) for the treatment of leprosy. publication-title: Lepr Rev. contributor: fullname: B Ji – volume: 88 start-page: 25 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: pntd.0008583.ref005 article-title: Postexposure Prophylaxis for Common Infectious Diseases. publication-title: Am Fam Physician. contributor: fullname: MS Bader – volume: 336 start-page: 761 issue: 7647 year: 2008 ident: pntd.0008583.ref011 article-title: COLEP Study Group. Effectiveness of single dose rifampicin in preventing leprosy in close contacts of patients with newly diagnosed leprosy: cluster randomized controlled trial publication-title: BMJ doi: 10.1136/bmj.39500.885752.BE contributor: fullname: FJ Moet – volume: 5 start-page: 1 issue: 9 year: 2011 ident: pntd.0008583.ref004 article-title: The Long Term Effect of Current and New Interventions on the New Case Detection of Leprosy: A Modeling Study. publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001330 contributor: fullname: EA Fischer – volume: 7 start-page: e2559 issue: 11 year: 2013 ident: pntd.0008583.ref037 article-title: Resistance of M. leprae to Quinolones: A Question of Relativity? publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002559 contributor: fullname: N Veziris – volume: 77 start-page: 5 year: 2006 ident: pntd.0008583.ref013 article-title: The mouse foot-pad technique for cultivation of Mycobacterium leprae. publication-title: Lepr Rev doi: 10.47276/lr.77.1.5 contributor: fullname: L Levy – volume: 7 start-page: 1 issue: 8 year: 2013 ident: pntd.0008583.ref017 article-title: Molecular assays for determining Mycobacterium leprae viability in tissues of experimentally infected mice publication-title: PLoS Negl Trop Dis doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002404 contributor: fullname: GL Davis – volume: 43 start-page: 85 year: 1999 ident: pntd.0008583.ref035 article-title: Moxifloxacin (BAY12-8039), a New 8-methoxyquinolone, is Active in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis. publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother doi: 10.1128/AAC.43.1.85 contributor: fullname: E Miyazaki |
| SSID | ssj0059581 |
| Score | 2.3949375 |
| Snippet | Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been... Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have... BACKGROUNDSubclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have... While multi-drug therapy (MDT) has been successful in decreasing the worldwide prevalence of leprosy, the new case detection rate, or incidence, remains... Background Subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae is one potential source of leprosy transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have... |
| SourceID | plos doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale crossref pubmed |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | e0008583 |
| SubjectTerms | Animal models Animals Antibiotics Asymptomatic Infections - therapy Bacilli Bacterial Load - drug effects Biology and Life Sciences Clarithromycin Clarithromycin - therapeutic use Clinical trials Combination drug therapy Deoxyribonucleic acid Disease prophylaxis Disease transmission DNA Drug Combinations Drug dosages Drug efficacy Drugs Engineering and Technology Exposure Funding Growth Health services Infections Inoculation Inoculum Laboratory animals Leprostatic Agents - therapeutic use Leprosy Leprosy - drug therapy Leprosy - transmission Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Mice Mice, Nude Minocycline Minocycline - therapeutic use Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin - therapeutic use Mycobacterium leprae - drug effects Mycobacterium leprae - growth & development Nucleotide sequence Ofloxacin Patient outcomes PCR Post-Exposure Prophylaxis - methods Prevention Prophylaxis Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Rifampin Rifampin - analogs & derivatives Rifampin - therapeutic use Subclinical infection Transmission Tropical diseases |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1La9wwEBZlD6WX0necpkWFQluIk7VlWfYxLQmhkJJDA7kZPanBK5t4F3b_TH9rZ2R7iUugl8Ielh1ZK8-MZj7Z8yDkY6IyzpRTsdbGxBl4zLhkVsbO6pzluWTpErORr37klzfZ91t-e6_VF8aEDeWBB8adFqA1xVIpnjrwRNoWRqjMcG5skcqkdMH6LtPpMDXYYF7y0J4U0AlmXKViTJpjIjkdZXTS-bU5CZCjYDOnFGr37y30omva_iH4-XcU5T23dPGMPB3xJD0b7uM5eWT9C_L4anxj_pL8xm68sd12LT4KpDA_8LWR27qnn6_Pr79QizUkpN7R1tG72slVV_vj8K3DQCJvj-mq3dauabdSI2lV-1bvMKMSSNIbquFwXGO7hdUOBlD4SNpv-hAvoxob9xs15V_S0HgH_6qxsJR-94rcXJz__HYZjz0ZYs1Lto61FM4Jw7gSWhSOKXDw1mGCr7DSlsphUysnAIcmRvNlDscpsCiJKzSXplRL9posfOvtAaFgKjRcaWE6gDVWSpjHsEQyC_Y3lWlE4kkoVTeU3qjC-zcBR5aBuxUKsRqFGJGvKLn9WCycHX4AdapGdar-pU4R-YRyr3B7g1SB_0OWAiwZC2VVZzkTgOCyApZ3NBsJ21LPyAeoOdNK-yrFjYCNnjO4ctKmh8kf9mScFKPgvG03OCbD2j2AGSPyZlC-_d0ywG05oK-IiJlaztgxp_j6V6gnLrISTvn88H_w7y15kuITiRCFd0QW67uNfQewba3ehx36B8dKQ0g priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: ProQuest Central dbid: BENPR link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3da9swEBdbCmMvY9_N1g0NBtugbmPLsuyn0Y6UMmgpY4W-GX12hsT24gSSf2Z_6-4UOZtHGeQh5GT5ojudfpLug5D3sUo5U05FWhsTpbBiRgWzMnJWZyzLJEsmGI18cZmdX6dfb_hNOHDrgltlbxO9oTaNxjPy4wT7wTq56ef2Z4RVo_B2NZTQuE_2kpjl-YjsnU4vr771tpgX3JcpBZSCkVeJCMFzTMTHQVZHbb00Rx565GywOPkc_jtLPWpnTXcXDP3Xm_Kv5ensMXkUcCU92SrCE3LP1k_Jg4twc_6M_MKqvJFdtw0eCVLoH8Z3JtdVRz9eTa8-UYu5JKTe0MbRReXkvK3qQ_-tRYei2h7SebOu3KxZS42keVU3eoORlUCStaEaNskVll2Yb6ABhY-k3arzfjNqZqNupfo4TOoL8OCrZhZY6TbPyfXZ9PuX8yjUZog0L9gy0lI4JwzjSmiRO6ZgobcOA32FlbZQDotbOQF4NDaaTzLYVoFliV2uuTSFmrAXZFQ3td0nFEyGhictdAfwxkoJ_RgWS2bBDicyGZOoF0rZblNwlP4eTsDWZTu6JQqxDEIck1OU3K4tJtD2PzSL2zLMxzIHZvKJUjxxAHC0zY1QqeHc2DyRceHG5APKvcRpDlKF8d9GKwDLmDCrPMmYACSX5sDewaAlTE89IO-j5vScduUfRYYne226m_xuR8ZO0Ruuts0K26SYwwew45i83Crf7t8ywG8ZoLAxEQO1HAzHkFJXP3xecZEWsNvnr_7P1mvyMMEzB-9nd0BGy8XKvgFgtlRvw-z7DRCyPBY priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest – databaseName: Scholars Portal Open Access Journals dbid: M48 link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwdR1da9swUHQZlL6MfddbNzQYbIM6xJZl2Q9jdKOlDDL6sEDfjD43g2N7cQLJn9lv3Z1ih2akkIeQk87KfehO1n0Q8j5SCWfKqVBrY8IELGaYMytDZ3XK0lSyeILZyNMf6fUs-X7Lb4_I0LO1J2B38GiH_aRmi2q8_rP5Agr_2XdtENEwadzWSzP2TkTGHpCHMdhGDPKaJrt7BZ7zLOoT6O6beUKOGdjANMM-IHdslS_pv9u4R23VdIe80v-DK-9Yq6vH5FHvZtKLrVw8IUe2fkqOp_1F-jPyF5v0hnbdNviGkAJ-IHcl12VHP95c3nyiFktLSL2hjaOL0sl5W9bn_luL8UW1PafzZl26qllLjaB5WTd6g4mWAJK1oRoIW2IXhvkGBlD4SNqtOh9Goyobdis1pGVS348HH1VZWEq3eU5mV5c_v12HfauGUPOcLUMthXPCMK6EFpljCuy-dZj3K6y0uXLY68oJcE8jo_kkhVMWbDSRyzSXJlcT9oKM6qa2p4TCDqJhpgV04O1YKQGPYZFkFrblWMYBCQemFO22Ikfhr-UEnGS21C2Qn0XPz4B8Rc7txmI9bf9Ds_hV9OpZZLCYbKIUjx34O9pmRqjEcG5sFssodwH5gHwvUA6Bq0D_bfICLBnrZxUXKRPg2CUZLO9sbyRoq94Dn6LkDCvtihj1A_s_JzBzkKbD4Hc7MCLF4LjaNisck2BJH3AlA_JyK3y7fzuIckDEnljukWMfUpe_fZlxkeRw-Oev7sX5mpzE-PbBR9ydkdFysbJvwEVbqrde6_4BwyM-jw priority: 102 providerName: Scholars Portal |
| Title | Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) efficacy of rifampin, rifapentine, moxifloxacin, minocycline, and clarithromycin in a susceptible-subclinical model of leprosy |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32936818 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2451547354 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2443880584 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7494095 https://doaj.org/article/805180bb52f244ce8d7b4d55de82a19f http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008583 |
| Volume | 14 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnR1da9swULQZjL2MfTdbFzQYbIM6iS3Lsh_bklIGKWGskDcjydJmiD-IE0j-zH7r7mQ7NKNPA2NMTpIvujvdSb4PQj77KuRMWeVpnWVeCBrTS5iRnjU6YlEkWTDFaOT5XXR7H35f8uUJ4X0sjHPa1yofl6tiXOa_nW9lXehJ7yc2WcyvRZjAtoRPTskpqN9-i94uvzzhrjIpGCYYbBWILl6OCX_SkWdcl5ts7KyNGOvoMFB5UYxlPx6oJpfB_7BOD-pV1TxmhP7rS_lAOd28IM87q5Jetti_JCemfEWezrvv5q_JH6zJ65ldXeGBIIXxYXZXcpc39OtitvhGDWaSkHpPK0vXuZVFnZcX7qlGd6LSXNCi2uV2Ve2kRlCRl5XeY1wlgGSZUQ1b5ByLLhR7aEDhkrTZNs5rRq2M12xVH4VJXfkdfNXKACrN_g25v5n9vL71usoMnuYJ23haCmtFxrgSWsSWKVDzxmKYrzDSJMpiaSsrwBr1M82nEWyqYF3xbay5zBI1ZW_JoKxKc0YoLBgaehoYDowbIyWMkzFfMgOrcCCDIfF6oqR1m4AjdV_hBGxc2tlNkZ5pR88huULKHdpi-mz3Q7X-lXZMlMaATDxVigcWzBtt4kyoMOM8M3Eg_cQOyReke4pCDlSF-W9jFQBlTJeVXkZMgB0XxoDe-VFLEE59BD5DzukxbdIAxQHLPYfQs-emx8GfDmAcFH3hSlNtsU2IGXzAchySdy3zHf5tz8pDIo7Y8mg6jiEgZC6reCdU7_-75wfyLMDDCOeAd04Gm_XWfASLbaNGIKdLAff42h-RJ1ezu8WPkTv9gPs8jEdOgv8Cdy9I2w |
| link.rule.ids | 230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2221,12056,12223,21388,24318,27924,27925,31719,31720,33266,33267,33744,33745,43310,43579,43805,53791,53793,73745,74014,74302 |
| linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwELegk4AXxPc6BhgJCZCWrYnjOHlCG-pUYK0qtEl7i_wJkdoka1qp_Wf4W7lLk0LQhNSHquc4V9_5_LN9H4S881XImXLK09oYL4QV00uYlZ6zOmJRJFkwwGjk8SQaXYVfr_l1c-BWNW6VrU2sDbUpNJ6RnwTYD9bJDT-VNx5WjcLb1aaExl2yh5nTeY_snQ0n0--tLeYJr8uUAkrByKtANMFzTPgnjayOy3xpjmvoEbPO4lTn8N9Z6l45K6rbYOi_3pR_LU_nj8jDBlfS060iPCZ3bP6E3Bs3N-dPyS-syuvZdVngkSCF_mF8Z3KdVfTDdDj9SC3mkpB6QwtHF5mT8zLLj-pvJToU5faIzot15mbFWmokzbO80BuMrASSzA3VsEnOsOzCfAMNKHwkrVZV7TejZtarVqqNw6R1AR581cwCK9XmGbk6H15-HnlNbQZP84QtPS2Fc8IwroQWsWMKFnrrMNBXWGkT5bC4lROAR32j-SCCbRVYFt_FmkuTqAF7Tnp5kdt9QsFkaHjSQncAb6yU0I9hvmQW7HAggz7xWqGk5TYFR1rfwwnYumxHN0Uhpo0Q--QMJbdriwm06x-KxY-0mY8pKIsfD5TigQOAo21shAoN58bGgfQT1yfvUe4pTnOQKoz_NloBWMaEWelpxAQguTAG9g47LWF66g55HzWn5bRK_ygyPNlq0-3ktzsydorecLktVtgmxBw-gB375MVW-Xb_lgF-iwCF9YnoqGVnOLqUPPtZ5xUXYQK7fX7wf7bekPujy_FFevFl8u0leRDg-UPtc3dIesvFyr4CkLZUr5uZ-Bv6JD7- |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3rb9MwELegkya-IN4rDDASEiAtaxPHcfIJbbBqPFZViEn7Fvk5IrVJaFqp_Wf4W7lLnULRhNQPVc9xrr7z-Wf7HoS8DlXMmXIq0NqYIIYVM8iYlYGzOmFJIlk0xGjki3Fyfhl_vuJX3v-p8W6VnU1sDbWpNJ6RDyLsB-vkxgPn3SImH0fv658BVpDCm1ZfTuM22YNVcRj1yN7p2XjyrbPLPONtyVJALBiFFQkfSMdEOPByO67LhTluYUjKdhaqNp__1mr36mnV3ARJ__Ws_GupGt0jdz3GpCcbpbhPbtnyAdm_8LfoD8kvrNAb2FVd4fEghf5hrKdyVTT07eRs8o5azCsh9ZpWjs4LJ2d1UR6132p0LirtEZ1Vq8JNq5XUSJoVZaXXGGUJJFkaqmHDXGAJhtkaGlD4SNosm9aHRk1t0CxVF5NJ22I8-KqpBVaa9SNyOTr7_uE88HUaAs0ztgi0FM4Jw7gSWqSOKVj0rcOgX2GlzZTDQldOADYNjebDBLZYYGVCl2ouTaaG7DHplVVpDwgF86HhSQvdAdSxUkI_hoWSWbDJkYz6JOiEktebdBx5eycnYBuzGd0chZh7IfbJKUpu2xaTabc_VPPr3M_NPAVm0qFSPHIAdrRNjVCx4dzYNJJh5vrkDco9xykPUoXx30QuAMuYPCs_SZgAVBenwN7hTkuYqnqHfICa03Ha5H-UGp7stOlm8qstGTtFz7jSVktsE2M-H8CRffJko3zbf8sAyyWAyPpE7KjlznDsUsriR5tjXMQZ7Pz50_-z9ZLswyTMv34af3lG7kR4FNG63x2S3mK-tM8Bry3UCz8RfwPM1UMr |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Post-exposure+prophylaxis+%28PEP%29+efficacy+of+rifampin%2C+rifapentine%2C+moxifloxacin%2C+minocycline%2C+and+clarithromycin+in+a+susceptible-subclinical+model+of+leprosy&rft.jtitle=PLoS+neglected+tropical+diseases&rft.au=Lenz%2C+Shannon+M&rft.au=Collins%2C+Jaymes+H&rft.au=Ray%2C+Nashone+A&rft.au=Hagge%2C+Deanna+A&rft.date=2020-09-01&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=e0008583&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0008583&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32936818&rft.externalDocID=32936818 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1935-2735&client=summon |