Development of VAX128, a recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) influenza-flagellin fusion vaccine with improved safety and immune response

► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. ► Dose of 1.25 or 2.5μg of VAX128C gave peak GMT was 385, 79% SC and 92% SP. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine cons...

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Published inVaccine Vol. 30; no. 39; pp. 5761 - 5769
Main Authors Taylor, David N., Treanor, John J., Sheldon, Eric A., Johnson, Casey, Umlauf, Scott, Song, Langzhou, Kavita, Uma, Liu, Ge, Tussey, Lynda, Ozer, Karen, Hofstaetter, Thomas, Shaw, Alan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 24.08.2012
Elsevier Limited
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Abstract ► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. ► Dose of 1.25 or 2.5μg of VAX128C gave peak GMT was 385, 79% SC and 92% SP. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C. In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18–49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18–64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured. In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5μg in adults 18–49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8μg, VAX128B to 16μg and VAX128C to 20μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272–546), 79% (71–87%) seroconversion and 92% (84–96%) seroprotection. Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
AbstractList Highlights► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20 μg. ► Dose of 1.25 or 2.5 μg of VAX128C gave peak GMT was 385, 79% SC and 92% SP.
► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. ► Dose of 1.25 or 2.5μg of VAX128C gave peak GMT was 385, 79% SC and 92% SP. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C. In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18–49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18–64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured. In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5μg in adults 18–49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8μg, VAX128B to 16μg and VAX128C to 20μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272–546), 79% (71–87%) seroconversion and 92% (84–96%) seroprotection. Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C.BACKGROUNDWe evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C.In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18-49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20 μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18-64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5 μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured.METHODSIn a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18-49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20 μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18-64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5 μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured.In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5 μg in adults 18-49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4 μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8 μg, VAX128B to 16 μg and VAX128C to 20 μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8 μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16 μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20 μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5 μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272-546), 79% (71-87%) seroconversion and 92% (84-96%) seroprotection.CONCLUSIONSIn the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5 μg in adults 18-49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4 μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8 μg, VAX128B to 16 μg and VAX128C to 20 μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8 μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16 μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20 μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5 μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272-546), 79% (71-87%) seroconversion and 92% (84-96%) seroprotection.Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.DISCUSSIONFlagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C. In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18-49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20 μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18-64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5 μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured. In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5 μg in adults 18-49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4 μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8 μg, VAX128B to 16 μg and VAX128C to 20 μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8 μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16 μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20 μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5 μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272-546), 79% (71-87%) seroconversion and 92% (84-96%) seroprotection. Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
Highlights * Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. * VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. * Dose of 1.25 or 2.5μg of VAX128C gave peak GMT was 385, 79% SC and 92% SP.
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C. METHODS: In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18–49 and 100 adults ≥65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20μg. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18–64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5μg doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured. CONCLUSIONS: In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses ≥2.5μg in adults 18–49. In adults ≥65 years, the vaccines doses of ≥4μg were required to induce a ≥4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8μg, VAX128B to 16μg and VAX128C to 20μg. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8μg because one subject had temperature 101.6°F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16μg because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20μg dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5μg. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272–546), 79% (71–87%) seroconversion and 92% (84–96%) seroprotection. DISCUSSION: Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
Background: We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1 genetically fused to the TLR5 ligand, flagellin. HA1 was fused to the C-terminus of flagellin in VAX128A, replaced the D3 domain of flagellin in VAX128B and was fused in both positions in VAX128C. Methods: In a dose escalation trial, 112 healthy subjects 18-49 and 100 adults similar to 65 years old were enrolled in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial at two centers. Vaccines were administered IM at doses ranging from 0.5 to 20 mu g. VAX128C was selected for second study performed in 100 subjects 18-64 years old comparing 1.25 and 2.5 mu g doses. All subjects were followed for safety and sera collected pre- and post-vaccination were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI). Serum C-reactive protein and cytokine levels were also measured. Conclusions: In the first study high HAI titers and high seroconversion and seroprotection rates were observed at doses similar to 2.5 mu g in adults 18-49. In adults similar to 65 years, the vaccines doses of similar to 4 mu g were required to induce a similar to 4-fold rise in HAI titer, 50% seroconversion and 70% seroprotection. Based on safety, VAX128A was tested up to 8 mu g, VAX128B to 16 mu g and VAX128C to 20 mu g. Dose escalation for VAX128A was stopped at 8 mu g because one subject had temperature 101.6 degree F associated with a high CRP response, VAX128B was stopped at 16 mu g because of a severe AE associated with a high CRP and IL-6 response. VAX128C was not stopped before reaching the 20 mu g dose. In the second study VAX128C was well tolerated among 100 subjects who received 1.25 or 2.5 mu g. The peak GMT was 385 (95%CI 272-546), 79% (71-87%) seroconversion and 92% (84-96%) seroprotection. Discussion: Flagellin adjuvanted vaccines can be designed to minimize reactogenicity and retain immunogenicity, thereby representing a promising next generation vaccine technology.
Author Kavita, Uma
Liu, Ge
Hofstaetter, Thomas
Song, Langzhou
Taylor, David N.
Treanor, John J.
Johnson, Casey
Shaw, Alan
Sheldon, Eric A.
Umlauf, Scott
Ozer, Karen
Tussey, Lynda
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  fullname: Treanor, John J.
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  organization: Johnson County Clin-Trials, Lenexa, KS 66219, United States
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  organization: VaxInnate Corporation, 3 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, United States
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  fullname: Liu, Ge
  organization: VaxInnate Corporation, 3 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, United States
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  fullname: Tussey, Lynda
  organization: VaxInnate Corporation, 3 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, United States
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  organization: CYTEL, Inc., 675 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
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  organization: VaxInnate Corporation, 3 Cedar Brook Drive, Cranbury, NJ 08512, United States
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22796139$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2012 Elsevier Ltd
Elsevier Ltd
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright Elsevier Limited Aug 24, 2012
Copyright_xml – notice: 2012 Elsevier Ltd
– notice: Elsevier Ltd
– notice: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Issue 39
Keywords Vaccine
Influenza prevention
Influenza vaccine
Flagellin adjuvant
Recombinant vaccine
Language English
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Snippet ► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. ► Dose of 1.25 or...
Highlights► Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. ► VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20 μg. ► Dose of...
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of...
We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of the Novel H1N1...
Highlights * Recombinant influenza vaccines differ in safety profiles according to configuration. * VAX128C was well tolerated up to a dose of 20μg. * Dose of...
Background: We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity profiles of 3 novel influenza vaccine constructs consisting of the globular head of the HA1 domain of...
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SubjectTerms Adjuvants, Immunologic - administration & dosage
Adolescent
Adult
adults
Aged
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
blood serum
Body temperature
C-reactive protein
C-Reactive Protein - immunology
C-Terminus
Clinical trials
Cytokines
Double-Blind Method
Female
Flagellin
Flagellin - immunology
Flagellin adjuvant
Frailty
Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus - immunology
Hemagglutinins
Humans
Immune response
Immunogenicity
Influenza
Influenza prevention
Influenza vaccine
Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage
Influenza Vaccines - adverse effects
Influenza Vaccines - immunology
Influenza, Human - prevention & control
Interleukin 6
Interleukin-6 - immunology
Laboratories
Male
Middle Aged
Rabbits
Recombinant vaccine
Seroconversion
Studies
temperature
Temperature effects
TLR5 protein
Toll-like receptors
Vaccine
Vaccines
Vaccines, Synthetic - administration & dosage
Vaccines, Synthetic - adverse effects
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Young Adult
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Title Development of VAX128, a recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) influenza-flagellin fusion vaccine with improved safety and immune response
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Volume 30
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