宁南旱区沟垄覆盖改善土壤水热状况提高马铃薯产量
垄覆塑料地膜沟内覆盖集雨种植模式可影响土壤水热状况,促进作物生长,提高作物的产量和水分利用效率。为探讨旱作条件下沟垄二元覆盖的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量的影响效果,于2015年在宁南旱区设置垄覆地膜沟内覆盖不同材料（普通塑料地膜、玉米秸秆、生物降解膜、麻纤维地膜及液态地膜）,以垄覆地膜沟不覆盖为对照,研究沟垄二元覆盖模式对土壤水分、耕层土壤温度、马铃薯生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理在马铃薯前期、中期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加（P〈0.05）,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理在马铃薯生育后期土壤蓄水量最高（P〈0.05）。垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理增温效果明显,马铃薯全生育期0～25...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 10; pp. 168 - 175 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
宁夏大学农学院,银川,750021
2017
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | 垄覆塑料地膜沟内覆盖集雨种植模式可影响土壤水热状况,促进作物生长,提高作物的产量和水分利用效率。为探讨旱作条件下沟垄二元覆盖的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量的影响效果,于2015年在宁南旱区设置垄覆地膜沟内覆盖不同材料（普通塑料地膜、玉米秸秆、生物降解膜、麻纤维地膜及液态地膜）,以垄覆地膜沟不覆盖为对照,研究沟垄二元覆盖模式对土壤水分、耕层土壤温度、马铃薯生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理在马铃薯前期、中期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加（P〈0.05）,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理在马铃薯生育后期土壤蓄水量最高（P〈0.05）。垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理增温效果明显,马铃薯全生育期0～25 cm土壤温度较对照显著增加（P〈0.05）,而垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理较对照显著降低（P〈0.05）。在马铃薯整个生育期,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理植株株高和茎粗均明显高于对照处理（P〈0.05）,在马铃薯生育后期垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理的地上部生物量显著高于对照处理（P〈0.05）。沟垄二元覆盖模式下马铃薯增产效果以垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理最为显著,较对照增产56.1%（P〈0.05）,且水分利用效率最高（81.1kg/（hm^2·mm））。总之,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理对改善土壤水热状况,提高马铃薯水分利用效率和产量的效果显著,建议在宁南旱区进行推广应用。 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 垄覆塑料地膜沟内覆盖集雨种植模式可影响土壤水热状况,促进作物生长,提高作物的产量和水分利用效率。为探讨旱作条件下沟垄二元覆盖的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量的影响效果,于2015年在宁南旱区设置垄覆地膜沟内覆盖不同材料（普通塑料地膜、玉米秸秆、生物降解膜、麻纤维地膜及液态地膜）,以垄覆地膜沟不覆盖为对照,研究沟垄二元覆盖模式对土壤水分、耕层土壤温度、马铃薯生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理在马铃薯前期、中期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加（P〈0.05）,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理在马铃薯生育后期土壤蓄水量最高（P〈0.05）。垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理增温效果明显,马铃薯全生育期0～25 cm土壤温度较对照显著增加（P〈0.05）,而垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理较对照显著降低（P〈0.05）。在马铃薯整个生育期,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理植株株高和茎粗均明显高于对照处理（P〈0.05）,在马铃薯生育后期垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理的地上部生物量显著高于对照处理（P〈0.05）。沟垄二元覆盖模式下马铃薯增产效果以垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理最为显著,较对照增产56.1%（P〈0.05）,且水分利用效率最高（81.1kg/（hm^2·mm））。总之,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理对改善土壤水热状况,提高马铃薯水分利用效率和产量的效果显著,建议在宁南旱区进行推广应用。 S532%S626.2; 垄覆塑料地膜沟内覆盖集雨种植模式可影响土壤水热状况,促进作物生长,提高作物的产量和水分利用效率.为探讨旱作条件下沟垄二元覆盖的土壤水热效应对马铃薯产量的影响效果,于2015年在宁南旱区设置垄覆地膜沟内覆盖不同材料(普通塑料地膜、玉米秸秆、生物降解膜、麻纤维地膜及液态地膜),以垄覆地膜沟不覆盖为对照,研究沟垄二元覆盖模式对土壤水分、耕层土壤温度、马铃薯生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理在马铃薯前期、中期土壤蓄水量较对照显著增加(P<0.05),垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理在马铃薯生育后期土壤蓄水量最高(P<0.05).垄覆地膜沟覆地膜处理增温效果明显,马铃薯全生育期0~25 cm土壤温度较对照显著增加(P<0.05),而垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理较对照显著降低(P<0.05).在马铃薯整个生育期,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理植株株高和茎粗均明显高于对照处理(P<0.05),在马铃薯生育后期垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理的地上部生物量显著高于对照处理(P<0.05).沟垄二元覆盖模式下马铃薯增产效果以垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理最为显著,较对照增产56.1%(P<0.05),且水分利用效率最高(81.1 kg/(hm2·mm)).总之,垄覆地膜沟覆秸秆处理对改善土壤水热状况,提高马铃薯水分利用效率和产量的效果显著,建议在宁南旱区进行推广应用. |
| Abstract_FL | The plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting combined with mulching cultivation can influence soil water-temperature condition, promote crop growth and development, and increase water use efficiency and yield of crop. This study was investigate the effect of mulching in furrows with different materials and in ridges with plastic film on soil water-temperature condition, potato growth and yield in dry-farming areas of south Ningxia. A field experiment was conducted in 2015 at the Dryland Agricultural Research Station, Changcheng Village, Pengyang County, Ningxia, China (106°45′N, 35°79′E, 1800 m sea level) to determine the effect of different dual-mulching of ridge and furrow cultivation patterns on soil water, soil temperature, growth, yield and water use efficiency of potato. Different furrow treatments were mulched with plastic film (DD), maize straw (DJ), biodegradable film (DS), bast fiber film (DM), liquid film (DY). The treatment of ridge with plastic film and the furrow without mulching was used as the control (CK). The results showed that, the dual-mulching with ridge and furrow adjusted soil temperature, improved moisture availability in the furrow, and the DD and DJ treatments were the most significant. The DD treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the soil water storage by 4.6%-5.4% compared to CK in the early and middle growing stage of potato. The soil water storage with DJ treatment was the highest in the later growing stage of potato (P<0.05). The DJ treatment had the highest soil water-holding effect compared with CK in whole growing stage of potato, and the average soil water storage under DJ was significantly (P<0.05) higher by 8.4% compare with CK (P<0.05). The DD treatment produced significantly higher soil temperatures (0-25 mm) than CK in the entire stage of potato, while the soil temperature with DJ treatment was significantly lower than CK (P<0.05) in the middle and later growing stage of potato. The average topsoil temperature was significantly increased under DD by 1.2 ℃ (P<0.05) when compared with CK in the whole growing season of potato, while the soil temperature under the DJ treatment was 1.6 ℃ (P<0.05) lower than CK. The plant height and stem diameter with DD and DJ treatment was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of CK in the early growing stage of potato, while the DJ treatment produced the highest plant height and stem diameter (P<0.05) compared to CK in the middle and later growing stage of potato. The above-ground biomass of the DJ treatment was the highest after 110 days of sowing (P<0.05), followed by the DD treatment, while there was no difference in the above-ground biomass of potato between DY and CK (P>0.05). Higher potato yield and water-use efficiency was found with DD, DJ, DS and DM treatments. The yield and water use efficiency of potato with DJ treatment were the highest (37213.5 kg/hm2 and 81.1 kg/(hm2·mm)). Compared with CK, the potato yield with DD, DJ, DS and DM treatments was significantly (P<0.05) increased by 34.3%, 56.1%, 8.6%, and 11.3%, meanwhile the water-use efficiency increased by 39.3%, 65.9%, 14.7%, and 14.3% (P<0.05). In a word, when ridges were covered with common plastic film, the furrows were mulched with straw, the soil water and temperature conditions were improved and potato growth and development was promoted, and the potato yield and water use efficiency were increased. Therefore, we suggested that plastic film mulched ridges and straw mulched furrows should be popularized and applied in arid area of southern Ningxia. |
| Author | 李荣 王艳丽 吴鹏年 孙瑞萍 仇佳欣 苏梅 侯贤清 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 宁夏大学农学院,银川,750021 |
| Author_FL | Su Mei Sun Ruiping Wang Yanli Qiu Jiaxin Wu Pengnian Li Rong Hou Xianqing |
| Author_FL_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: Li Rong – sequence: 2 fullname: Wang Yanli – sequence: 3 fullname: Wu Pengnian – sequence: 4 fullname: Sun Ruiping – sequence: 5 fullname: Qiu Jiaxin – sequence: 6 fullname: Su Mei – sequence: 7 fullname: Hou Xianqing |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 李荣 王艳丽 吴鹏年 孙瑞萍 仇佳欣 苏梅 侯贤清 |
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| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.10.022 |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | Ridge and furrow mulching improving soil water-temperature condition and increasing potato yield in dry-farming areas of south Ningxia |
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| Keywords | 温度 秸秆 沟垄二元覆盖 土壤水分 soil moisture 马铃薯产量 mulching of ridge and furrow 旱作区 temperature straw potato yield dry-farming areas |
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| Notes | 11-2047/S soil moisture; temperature; straw; dry-farming areas; mulching of ridge and furrow; potato yield The plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainwater harvesting combined with mulching cultivation can influence soil water-temperature condition, promote crop growth and development, and increase water use efficiency and yield of crop. This study was investigate the effect of mulching in furrows with different materials and in ridges with plastic film on soil water-temperature condition, potato growth and yield in dry-farming areas of south Ningxia. A field experiment was conducted in 2015 at the Dryland Agricultural Research Station, Changcheng Village, Pengyang County, Ningxia, China （106°45′N, 35°79′E, 1800 m sea level） to determine the effect of different dual-mulching of ridge and furrow cultivation patterns on soil water, soil temperature, growth, yield and water use efficiency of potato. Different furrow treatments were mulched with plastic film （DD）, maize straw （DJ）, biodegradable film （DS）, bast fiber |
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| PublicationTitle | 农业工程学报 |
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| Publisher | 宁夏大学农学院,银川,750021 |
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| SubjectTerms | 土壤水分 旱作区 沟垄二元覆盖 温度 秸秆 马铃薯产量 |
| Title | 宁南旱区沟垄覆盖改善土壤水热状况提高马铃薯产量 |
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