Blood–brain barrier and intestinal epithelial barrier alterations in autism spectrum disorders

• Published in: Molecular autism Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 49
• Main Authors: Fiorentino, Maria, Sapone, Anna, Senger, Stefania, Camhi, Stephanie S., Kadzielski, Sarah M., Buie, Timothy M., Kelly, Deanna L., Cascella, Nicola, Fasano, Alessio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 29.11.2016; BioMed Central
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis; Antigens; Autism; Autism Spectrum Disorder - genetics; Autism Spectrum Disorder - immunology; Autism Spectrum Disorder - metabolism; Autism Spectrum Disorder - pathology; Biopsy; Blood-brain barrier; Blood-Brain Barrier - immunology; Blood-Brain Barrier - metabolism; Blood-Brain Barrier - pathology; Care and treatment; Case-Control Studies; Cerebellum - immunology; Cerebellum - metabolism; Cerebellum - pathology; Cerebral Cortex - immunology; Cerebral Cortex - metabolism; Cerebral Cortex - pathology; Child; Child, Preschool; Claudin-3 - genetics; Claudin-3 - immunology; Claudin-5 - genetics; Claudin-5 - immunology; Claudins - genetics; Claudins - immunology; DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics; DNA-Binding Proteins - immunology; Duodenum - immunology; Duodenum - metabolism; Duodenum - pathology; Female; Gene Expression; Health aspects; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta - genetics; Interleukin-1beta - immunology; Interleukin-8 - genetics; Interleukin-8 - immunology; Male; MARVEL Domain Containing 2 Protein - genetics; MARVEL Domain Containing 2 Protein - immunology; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - genetics; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - immunology; Middle Aged; Permeability; Pervasive developmental disorders; Risk factors; Schizophrenia - genetics; Schizophrenia - immunology; Schizophrenia - metabolism; Schizophrenia - pathology; Tight Junctions - immunology; Tight Junctions - metabolism; Tight Junctions - pathology; Autism spectrum disorders; Duodenal biopsies; Gut permeability; Schizophrenia; Neuroinflammation; Gut–brain axis; Postmortem brain; Blood–brain barrier

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex conditions whose pathogenesis may be attributed to gene-environment interactions. There are no definitive mechanisms explaining how environmental triggers can lead to ASD although the involvement of inflammation and immunity has been suggested. Inappropria...