Dicer, Drosha, and Outcomes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer
Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. RNA interference can either silence or enhance the expression of specific target genes. This study of ovarian-cancer cells showed that the combination of low Dicer expression and low Drosha expression was assoc...
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| Published in | The New England journal of medicine Vol. 359; no. 25; pp. 2641 - 2650 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Waltham, MA
Massachusetts Medical Society
18.12.2008
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. RNA interference can either silence or enhance the expression of specific target genes. This study of ovarian-cancer cells showed that the combination of low Dicer expression and low Drosha expression was associated with a poor prognosis and that low Dicer expression was an independent factor associated with a poor clinical outcome.
Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. This study of ovarian-cancer cells showed that the combination of low Dicer expression and low Drosha expression was associated with a poor prognosis and that low Dicer expression was an independent factor associated with a poor clinical outcome.
The discovery that gene expression can be altered through RNA interference
1
has stimulated research on the role of RNA interference in the development of cancer. Targeting specific genes by RNA-interference molecules allows for the identification of regulators of angiogenic, proliferative, and survival pathways in cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-interference molecules that silence specific genes are being tested in preclinical studies as a treatment for cancer.
2
,
3
Regulation of gene expression through RNA interference occurs by means of microRNA (miRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) (Figure 1). In the nucleus, endogenous double-stranded RNA segments are cut into short, hairpin-shaped double-stranded RNA precursor . . . |
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| AbstractList | BACKGROUNDWe studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. METHODSWe measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer and Drosha in specimens of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer from 111 patients, using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay, and compared the results with clinical outcomes. Validation was performed with the use of published microarray data from cohorts of patients with ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Mutational analyses of genomic DNA from the Dicer and Drosha genes were performed in a subgroup of ovarian-cancer specimens. Dicer-dependent functional assays were performed by means of in vitro transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA). RESULTSLevels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA correlated with the levels of expression of the corresponding protein and were decreased in 60% and 51% of ovarian-cancer specimens, respectively. Low Dicer expression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (P=0.007), and low Drosha expression with suboptimal surgical cytoreduction (P=0.02). Cancer specimens with both high Dicer expression and high Drosha expression were associated with increased median survival (>11 years, vs. 2.66 years for other subgroups; P<0.001). We found three independent predictors of reduced disease-specific survival in multivariate analyses: low Dicer expression (hazard ratio, 2.10; P=0.02), high-grade histologic features (hazard ratio, 2.46; P=0.03), and poor response to chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 3.95; P<0.001). Poor clinical outcomes among patients with low Dicer expression were validated in additional cohorts of patients. Rare missense mutations were found in the Dicer and Drosha genes, but their presence or absence did not correlate with the level of expression. Functional assays indicated that gene silencing with shRNA, but not siRNA, may be impaired in cells with low Dicer expression. CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that levels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA in ovarian-cancer cells have associations with outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Background We studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. Methods We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer and Drosha in specimens of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer from 111 patients, using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay, and compared the results with clinical outcomes. Validation was performed with the use of published microarray data from cohorts of patients with ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Mutational analyses of genomic DNA from the Dicer and Drosha genes were performed in a subgroup of ovarian-cancer specimens. Dicer-dependent functional assays were performed by means of in vitro transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Results Levels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA correlated with the levels of expression of the corresponding protein and were decreased in 60% and 51% of ovarian-cancer specimens, respectively. Low Dicer expression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (P=0.007), and low Drosha expression with suboptimal surgical cytoreduction (P=0.02). Cancer specimens with both high Dicer expression and high Drosha expression were associated with increased median survival (>11 years, vs. 2.66 years for other subgroups; P<0.001). We found three independent predictors of reduced disease-specific survival in multivariate analyses: low Dicer expression (hazard ratio, 2.10; P=0.02), high-grade histologic features (hazard ratio, 2.46; P=0.03), and poor response to chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 3.95; P<0.001). Poor clinical outcomes among patients with low Dicer expression were validated in additional cohorts of patients. Rare missense mutations were found in the Dicer and Drosha genes, but their presence or absence did not correlate with the level of expression. Functional assays indicated that gene silencing with shRNA, but not siRNA, may be impaired in cells with low Dicer expression. Conclusions Our findings indicate that levels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA in ovarian-cancer cells have associations with outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. We studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer and Drosha in specimens of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer from 111 patients, using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay, and compared the results with clinical outcomes. Validation was performed with the use of published microarray data from cohorts of patients with ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Mutational analyses of genomic DNA from the Dicer and Drosha genes were performed in a subgroup of ovarian-cancer specimens. Dicer-dependent functional assays were performed by means of in vitro transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Levels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA correlated with the levels of expression of the corresponding protein and were decreased in 60% and 51% of ovarian-cancer specimens, respectively. Low Dicer expression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (P=0.007), and low Drosha expression with suboptimal surgical cytoreduction (P=0.02). Cancer specimens with both high Dicer expression and high Drosha expression were associated with increased median survival (>11 years, vs. 2.66 years for other subgroups; P<0.001). We found three independent predictors of reduced disease-specific survival in multivariate analyses: low Dicer expression (hazard ratio, 2.10; P=0.02), high-grade histologic features (hazard ratio, 2.46; P=0.03), and poor response to chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 3.95; P<0.001). Poor clinical outcomes among patients with low Dicer expression were validated in additional cohorts of patients. Rare missense mutations were found in the Dicer and Drosha genes, but their presence or absence did not correlate with the level of expression. Functional assays indicated that gene silencing with shRNA, but not siRNA, may be impaired in cells with low Dicer expression. Our findings indicate that levels of Dicer and Drosha mRNA in ovarian-cancer cells have associations with outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. RNA interference can either silence or enhance the expression of specific target genes. This study of ovarian-cancer cells showed that the combination of low Dicer expression and low Drosha expression was associated with a poor prognosis and that low Dicer expression was an independent factor associated with a poor clinical outcome. Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. This study of ovarian-cancer cells showed that the combination of low Dicer expression and low Drosha expression was associated with a poor prognosis and that low Dicer expression was an independent factor associated with a poor clinical outcome. The discovery that gene expression can be altered through RNA interference 1 has stimulated research on the role of RNA interference in the development of cancer. Targeting specific genes by RNA-interference molecules allows for the identification of regulators of angiogenic, proliferative, and survival pathways in cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-interference molecules that silence specific genes are being tested in preclinical studies as a treatment for cancer. 2 , 3 Regulation of gene expression through RNA interference occurs by means of microRNA (miRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) (Figure 1). In the nucleus, endogenous double-stranded RNA segments are cut into short, hairpin-shaped double-stranded RNA precursor . . . |
| Author | Mueller, Peter Schmandt, Rosemarie Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel Han, Liz Y Merritt, William M Urbauer, Diana Kamat, Aparna A Mourad-Zeidan, Alexandra Bar-Eli, Menashe Spannuth, Whitney A Gray, Joe W Coleman, Robert L Birrer, Michael J Pennacchio, Len A Cheng, Jan-Fang Lin, Yvonne G Mok, Samuel Lenburg, Marc E Nick, Alpa M Sood, Anil K Wang, Hua Deavers, Michael T |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: William M surname: Merritt fullname: Merritt, William M – sequence: 2 givenname: Yvonne G surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Yvonne G – sequence: 3 givenname: Liz Y surname: Han fullname: Han, Liz Y – sequence: 4 givenname: Aparna A surname: Kamat fullname: Kamat, Aparna A – sequence: 5 givenname: Whitney A surname: Spannuth fullname: Spannuth, Whitney A – sequence: 6 givenname: Rosemarie surname: Schmandt fullname: Schmandt, Rosemarie – sequence: 7 givenname: Diana surname: Urbauer fullname: Urbauer, Diana – sequence: 8 givenname: Len A surname: Pennacchio fullname: Pennacchio, Len A – sequence: 9 givenname: Jan-Fang surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Jan-Fang – sequence: 10 givenname: Alpa M surname: Nick fullname: Nick, Alpa M – sequence: 11 givenname: Michael T surname: Deavers fullname: Deavers, Michael T – sequence: 12 givenname: Alexandra surname: Mourad-Zeidan fullname: Mourad-Zeidan, Alexandra – sequence: 13 givenname: Hua surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Hua – sequence: 14 givenname: Peter surname: Mueller fullname: Mueller, Peter – sequence: 15 givenname: Marc E surname: Lenburg fullname: Lenburg, Marc E – sequence: 16 givenname: Joe W surname: Gray fullname: Gray, Joe W – sequence: 17 givenname: Samuel surname: Mok fullname: Mok, Samuel – sequence: 18 givenname: Michael J surname: Birrer fullname: Birrer, Michael J – sequence: 19 givenname: Gabriel surname: Lopez-Berestein fullname: Lopez-Berestein, Gabriel – sequence: 20 givenname: Robert L surname: Coleman fullname: Coleman, Robert L – sequence: 21 givenname: Menashe surname: Bar-Eli fullname: Bar-Eli, Menashe – sequence: 22 givenname: Anil K surname: Sood fullname: Sood, Anil K |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=20966832$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092150$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1153645$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| Snippet | Dicer and Drosha are RNase enzymes involved in RNA interference from precursor molecules. RNA interference can either silence or enhance the expression of... We studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer and Drosha in... Background We studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. Methods We measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of... BACKGROUNDWe studied Dicer and Drosha, components of the RNA-interference machinery, in ovarian cancer. METHODSWe measured messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Dicer... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Breast Neoplasms - genetics Breast Neoplasms - metabolism Cell Line, Tumor DEAD-box RNA Helicases - genetics DEAD-box RNA Helicases - metabolism DNA Mutational Analysis Endoribonucleases - genetics Endoribonucleases - metabolism Female Female genital diseases Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic General aspects Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Humans Kaplan-Meier Estimate Lung Neoplasms - genetics Lung Neoplasms - metabolism Medical sciences MicroRNAs - metabolism Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Mutation, Missense Neoplasm Staging Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial - genetics Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial - metabolism Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial - mortality Ovarian cancer Ovarian Neoplasms - genetics Ovarian Neoplasms - metabolism Ovarian Neoplasms - mortality Prognosis Proteins Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribonuclease III - genetics Ribonuclease III - metabolism RNA Interference RNA, Messenger - metabolism RNA, Small Interfering Transfection Treatment Outcome Tumors |
| Title | Dicer, Drosha, and Outcomes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer |
| URI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0803785 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19092150 https://www.proquest.com/docview/223920247 https://search.proquest.com/docview/69911395 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1153645 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC2710981 |
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